Suchergebnisse

Atkisson, Monaghan and Brent review in 'Using Computational Techniques to Fill the Gap between Qualitative Data Analysis an Text Analytics' three methods (qualitative data analysis, content analysis and text mining) that are used in order to examine streams of digital textual materials that are increasingly accessible through the Internet.

Samenvatting
In deze bijdrage wordt stilgestaan bij een aantal methodologische uitdagingen bij het analyseren van webmateriaal. Dit gebeurt aan de hand van achtereenvolgens:
typen vraagstellingen in web onderzoek;het selecteren van onderzoeksmateriaal;het definiëren van eenheden; enhet coderen en archiveren van webmateriaal.

Laatst vroeg ik tijdens een college aan studenten communicatiewetenschap een gedachte-experiment uit te voeren. Deze studenten volgden eerder een onderzoeksseminar waarin zij in kleine groepen een empirisch-kwalitatief onderzoek uitvoerden naar de betekenis van mediagebruik (televisiekijken door ouderen, lezen van een meidenblad door tienermeisjes, de beleving van narratieve televisiereclames of sensationele krantenfoto's), of naar de beleving van het communicatieklimaat onder medewerkers van een grote organisatie. Ik vroeg de studenten zich voor te stellen hoe anders hun kwalitatieve onderzoek naar deze diverse thema's er uit had gezien als zij hun gegevens niet verzameld hadden met persoonlijke interviews maar met focusgroepen. Diverse reacties kwamen uit de zaal.

This study examined the way in which television genres in the Netherlands make use of additional communication channels in terms of interactivity and genre modification and whether the availability of additional communication channels in genres corresponds to audience age. Expert interviews were held with representatives of Dutch broadcasting organizations and a secondary analysis of Audience Research data was conducted. It was found that compared to other genres, short message service (SMS) is added most frequently to reality programmes, email and websites to the information genre, teletext to sports programmes and merchandizing to children's programmes. In addition, it was found that only SMS is added more often to programmes attracting a younger audience. The extent to which the additional communication channels represented real innovation varied from maintenance to the elaboration and modification of genres.

The need for evaluation of hyperbole surrounding the purported promise of digital democracy is cited. A history of enthusiasm for cyberpolitics highlights three basic claims & includes references to Rheingold, Gore, Huizenga, & Brants. Three empirical investigations are combed for well-grounded data on the Internet's political impact. There is a review of Schneider's Usenet-related study of computer-mediated communication regarding democracy & abortion issues. Figures comparing the cumulative percent of posts with the number of authors accompany discussion of conclusions. Recounting of a 1996 experiment with software aimed at enabling populist input, opinion polls, & voting in the Netherlands precedes the details of a 1998 Website for the elderly. There is assessment of the three studies' abilities to deliver on promises of access to information, engagement in deliberation, & participation in decision making. 2 Figures, 40 References. M. C. Leary

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to theoretically explore in what ways Information and Communication Technology (ICT) corresponds with knowledge sharing in organizations. We will address the research question: "What notions and relationships have been proposed in the literature regarding ICT use and knowledge sharing?" In order to draw connecting lines between different bodies of literature, we developed two notions of ICT performance as a guiding principle in reviewing the literature. On the one hand, ICT is portrayed as a guide that moulds ways of knowledge sharing, and on the other hand ICT is described as a facilitator that follows existing knowledge sharing processes in organizations. The two types of ICT performance offer a tool with which approaches and perspectives on ICT in processes of knowledge sharing can be interconnected and displayed in one overview. This systematic research overview that connects separate notions and ideas coming from different disciplines results in a synthesis of research questions that are relevant for future research on the role of ICT in knowledge sharing in organizations.

Abstract
Older workers face problems in the labor market due to dominant beliefs about their abilities: they are perceived as reliable, trustworthy, and loyal, but also as less adaptable, less motivated, and less capable compared to younger workers. The mixed beliefs about older workers resonate with the stereotype of older people in society according to the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) of being warm but less competent and are reflected in news and corporate media. The present study contributes by approaching stereotypes about older workers' employability from a communication perspective. The study examines which requirements are communicated by employers in job advertisements targeting older job seekers, compared to those in job advertisements targeting general job seekers. This is done by using automated content analysis to inductively identify prominently advertised requirements, and to examine how these align with the older workers' stereotype. Additionally, interviews with recruitment experts are conducted to provide explanation and interpretation. Findings reveal that the persistent idea about older workers performing well on so-called soft abilities and poorer on so-called hard abilities is reflected in job advertisements targeting older job seekers, as these represent requirements related to hard abilities to a lesser extent, whereas abilities related to customer service are more often requested. The mixed beliefs about older workers are reflected in the expert perspective of recruiters too, although with some optimism that older workers' soft abilities fit well with employers' need for a social and responsible workforce. The study contributes to insights regarding the SCM and framing theory.

In the past decade, European governments have implemented activating policy reforms to maximize older workers' employment and employability, representing a paradigmatic change in approaches to work and retirement. This study isolates the factors that explain the relative success and failure of competitive frames that are either in favor of or against activating policies in European news coverage, by applying time-series analysis (ordinary least squares with panel-corrected standard errors) to monthly aggregated news coverage in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Spain over the timespan 2006–2013. The results show that pro-activating and counteractivating frames generally coincide in competitive framing environments. The pro-activating frame proliferated in times of high employment protection, whereas the counteractivating frame prevailed stronger in conservative compared with progressive newspapers, and gained momentum during the aftermath of the financial crisis and in times governments on the economic left were in power. The study advances knowledge of competitive issue framing by demonstrating how the economic, policy, and political context matters for the emergence and evolvement of competing frames. In addition, the findings contribute to the understanding of the factors that contribute to news representations that promote active aging in European news, which may foster support for policy reforms that sustain older workers' employability.

In the past decade, European governments have implemented activating policy reforms to maximize older workers' employment and employability, representing a paradigmatic change in approaches to work and retirement. This study isolates the factors that explain the relative success and failure of competitive frames that are either in favor of or against activating policies in European news coverage, by applying time-series analysis (ordinary least squares with panel-corrected standard errors) to monthly aggregated news coverage in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Spain over the timespan 2006–2013. The results show that pro-activating and counteractivating frames generally coincide in competitive framing environments. The pro-activating frame proliferated in times of high employment protection, whereas the counteractivating frame prevailed stronger in conservative compared with progressive newspapers, and gained momentum during the aftermath of the financial crisis and in times governments on the economic left were in power. The study advances knowledge of competitive issue framing by demonstrating how the economic, policy, and political context matters for the emergence and evolvement of competing frames. In addition, the findings contribute to the understanding of the factors that contribute to news representations that promote active aging in European news, which may foster support for policy reforms that sustain older workers' employability.

Abstract
The WWW is increasingly used as a tool and platform for survey research. Several principles have been developed to deal with the new challenges posed to researchers conducting online surveys. In this paper, we discuss some of the challenges we encountered in all phases of our Web based survey conducted in 2004/2005 among nearly 10,000 respondents in six European countries. We argue how and to what extent we applied the principles and methodologies of online surveys to meet the challenges, ranging from composing sampling frames, questionnaire construction, addressing potential respondents, questionnaire distribution, response rate improvement, to data cleaning and data processing. When relevant, we discuss the differences between the six countries involved. It is concluded that many if not most of the problems encountered in online surveys are solved when taking into account the principles that guide the conduct of conventional surveys.

Op de najaarsconferentie van 2 december 2004 vond de uitreiking plaats van de KWALON scriptieprijzen 2002 en 2003. Dat de scriptieprijs 2002 een jaar later werd uitgereikt dan gepland, was het gevolg van een intensieve discussie in het platform KWALON over de beoordelingscriteria en de doelstellingen van de scriptieprijs. Daardoor ging er een periode overheen voordat definitieve overstemming was bereikt over de scriptieprijs van 2002. Op basis van genoemde discussie is de oproep voor de scriptieprijs enigszins bijgesteld en zijn er nieuwe afspraken gemaakt over de procedure.