Suchergebnisse

Energy performance certification (EPC) of buildings results in a label for the buildings. Every label has to correspond to a fixed energy consumption per year. Energy consumption taken as a basis for the certification is to reflect efficiency of energy use in buildings and stimulate the occupiers to become more aware of the effect of their behaviour. The method of energy performance efficiency calculation is proposed and numerical values of annual energy consumption are elaborated on the ground of these two aims, European Union requirements and Dutch experience as energy performance efficiency indicators. First Published Online: 26 Jul 2012

To achieve the "well below 2 degrees" targets, a new ecosystem needs to be defined where citizens become more active, co-managing with relevant stakeholders, the government, and third parties. This means moving from the traditional concept of citizens-as-consumers towards energy citizenship. Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) will be the test-bed area where this transformation will take place through social, technological, and governance innovation. This paper focuses on benefits and barriers towards energy citizenships and gathers a diverse set of experiences for the definition of PEDs and Local Energy Markets from the Horizon2020 Smart Cities and Communities projects: Making City, Pocityf, and Atelier.

peer-reviewed ; It is assumed by the projects demonstrating Positive Energy District (PED) concepts in cities across Europe that citizens should want and need to be involved in the development of new energy concepts, such as PEDs for these concepts to be deployed successfully. Six different PED research and innovation projects are investigating the types and expectations of citizen engagement. They evaluate the impact of energy citizenship on the success of PED deployment across Europe.