Suchergebnisse

IntroductionDuring pregnancy, LPV/r is a common anchor drug employed to treat the mother's HIV‐1 infection in addition to reducing the risk of mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT). The National Study of HIV in Pregnancy and Childhood (NSHPC) conducts a comprehensive population‐based surveillance of HIV infection in pregnant women exposed to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the UK and Ireland; in 2003–2012 over a third of pregnancies reported to the NSHPC involved exposure to LPV/r.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective were descriptive analysis of individual NSHPC patient data, using pregnancy as the unit of observation. Clinical outcomes for pregnancies reported by June 2013, where women were exposed to LPV/r and due to deliver between January 2003 and December 2012, are described.ResultsA total of 4864 LPV/r exposed pregnancies in 4118 women were identified. These resulted in 4702 deliveries with 4759 live and 46 stillborn infants. Seventy five percent of women were born in sub‐Saharan Africa, 13% in the UK or Ireland. Median maternal age at conception was 30 years. Nine hundred and eighty (20%) pregnancies were conceived while taking LPV/r, with a median duration of LPV/r exposure of 270 days. A total of 3884 (80%) pregnancies initiated LPV/r after conception, with a median duration of LPV/r exposure of 107 days. Viral load (VL) close to delivery was available for 4083/4702 (87%) deliveries, with VL <50 c/mL in 73% and <1000 c/mL in 94% of women. VL by timing of LPV/r initiation is shown in Table 1. Sixty three percent of deliveries were by C‐section, of which 62% were classified as elective and 38% as emergency. Among singleton liveborn infants, 13% were born prior to 37 weeks gestation (2.5% <32 weeks) and 15% had birth weight <2500 g (2.3% <1500 g). HIV infection status was available for 4039 (89%) singleton infants. For the periods 2003–2007 and 2008–2012, MTCT rates were 1.1% (95% CI 0.6–1.6) and 0.5% (95% CI 0.2–0.8) respectively. Hundred and thirty four live born children (2.8%) had at least one congenital abnormality reported.ConclusionsIn the NSHPC database, in women exposed to LPV/r during pregnancy in the UK and Ireland, MTCT rates are low and continue to decline, and are similar to rates in the entire NSHPC cohort of women with diagnosed HIV [1]. The congenital abnormality rate is comparable with that reported for the uninfected population in this geographic region.

IntroductionGlobal HIV‐1 prevalence is 35.3 million [1]; women comprise >50% of those infected. The majority of women may lack regular care and only one‐fourth are virologically suppressed [2]. ELLA is a cross‐sectional, non‐interventional study conducted across Europe, Latin America, Canada and Asia that describes barriers to care for HIV‐infected women and associations with disease stage, symptoms and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsHIV‐infected women eligible for ELLA (≥18 years) completed: Barrier to Care Scale (BACS) comprising 12 items in four domains (Index range 0–12, Overall range 1–4, greater=more barriers, Overall score ≥2 considered severe); AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Health Status Assessment comprising 21 items assessing 9 HRQoL domains (range 0–100, greater=better); and ACTG Symptom Distress Module comprising 20 symptoms rated on bother (range 0–4, greater=more bother). Healthcare providers documented medical history and HIV clinical data. Correlations of BACS response and last reported VL/CD4 count with HIV symptoms and HRQoL were analyzed. Spearman rank order was used to test correlations with statistical significance set at p<0.05.ResultsEnrollment: 1931 women from 30 countries; mean age 40 years (16.9% >50 years); 47.7% education <12 years; 36% unemployed; 82.9% urban residence. HIV was acquired heterosexually in 83.0%; 88.2% of subjects were on ART; 57.5% had VL<50 c/ml; mean CD4 was 540.5 c/µL. Mean [SD] BACS Index and Overall scores were 6.19 [3.47] (N=1818) and 2.09 [0.71] (N=1922), respectively. Stigma was a prominent barrier. Lower (better) BACS Index and Overall scores correlated with better HRQoL on all nine domains (p<0.0001). Lower VL and greater CD4 count were both correlated with better HRQoL for eight of nine domains (p<0.04, p≤0.0002, respectively) excepting pain. Lower BACS Index and Overall scores correlated with fewer symptom count and less symptom bother (p<0.0001). Fewer symptom count and less symptom bother correlated with better HRQoL on all nine domains (p<0.0001). While greater CD4 count correlated with fewer HIV symptoms and less bother (p<0.0001), VL did not significantly correlate with either.ConclusionsIn HIV‐infected women, reduced barriers to care correlated with fewer symptoms, less symptom bother and better HRQoL. Improved HRQoL may be mediated by greater CD4 counts and fewer symptoms. Better access to care may improve HRQoL outcomes in this population.