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In analyzing the social and economic factors underlying the decline of fertility in nineteenth-century France. Etienne van de Walle found that official statistics for the period were incomplete and inaccurate. He thus undertook a full reconstruction. In this volume, he presents a detailed discussion of the methodology used to correct and to supplement these official statistics, along with the results of the reconstruction of 82 French départements, and French and English summaries of his findings. By computing standardized indices of fertility and nuptiality for each of the 82 départements, the author extends the period for which standardized demographic indices are available. His methodology, which evaluates and corrects the biases and defects of the official statistics, provides a model for similar background studies in the future.Originally published in 1974.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905

Eighteenth century writers were often linking Nature and fertility. In their mind, there were alternative reasons to do so, either normatively because reproduction should be subject to the Natural Law, or empirically because it fell under the rule of instinct. Louis Henry borrowed the term natural fertility from current usage among demographers, and gave it a technical meaning. The term remains useful as a first approximation to characterize the marital fertility regime of historical populations, and it applies to present day Third World population which do not limit the size of their families.

Despite the uncertainty of the available statis tics, it can be said that Tropical Africa remains the region of the world with the highest fertility and mortality. Popula tion growth is substantial, and it often takes place in vul nerable ecosystems that are not suited to large populations. The Sahel and its problems of irregular rainfall illustrate the unsuitability of much of the continent for anything but bare survival. Relocation of population, some of it to cities, is inevitable; but intensified agriculture holds the key to the well-being of the increased number of people.

Despite the uncertainty of available statistics, tropical Africa appears to remain the region of the world with the highest fertility & mortality. Population growth is substantial, with a birth rate in the high forties (births per 1,000 persons), compared to the US birth rate of 15 per 1,000. This rapid growth often takes place in vulnerable ecosystems that are unsuited to large populations. The Sahel & its problems of irregular rainfall illustrate the unsuitability of much of the continent for anything but bare survival. Population relocation, some of it to cities, is inevitable, but intensified agriculture holds the key to the well-being of the increased number of people. Modified HA.