Suchergebnisse

Abstract: Background: Suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) are common in autistic individuals, but prevalence rates have not yet been estimated with meta-analysis. Aims: This meta-analysis aims to estimate SI and SA prevalence rates in autistic individuals and identify subgroup differences based on sample characteristics and study quality. Methods: A systematic search identified 52 studies with 88,509 autistic participants reporting SI and SA. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Pooled prevalence estimates of lifetime SI and SA were 37.2% [95% CI 25.3–50.8] and 15.3% [95% CI 9.5–23.6], respectively. For 12-month prevalence, this was 25.4% [95% CI 19.0–33.2] and 14.1% [95% CI 7.4–25.2], respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed significant differences based on age (SI), region (SI), data collection (SI), measurement scales used to define autism and suicidality (SA), and representation of the study sample (SI and SA). Heterogeneity measures were high for all outcomes ( I2 = 60.3–99.1%). Limitations: The heterogeneity of the included studies may limit the generalizability of our findings. Conclusion: The high rates of suicidal problems in autistic individuals call for a systematic evaluation of suicidality in clinical practice and adequate therapeutic interventions to improve this condition.

Altres ajuts: The study received grant 08-MNP-007 from the French government Agence Nationale de la Recherche and grant AOM-07-118 (Influence of Cannabis Psychopathological Outcome in At-risk Mental State [ICAAR study]) from the French Health Ministry Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique. The Sainte-Anne Hospital Center promoted the study. Dr Kempton was supported by a Medical Research Council Fellowship grant MR/J008915/1. Dr Pantelis was supported by Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Principal Research Fellowship (ID: 628386 & 1105825) and by grant R246-2016-3237 from the Lundbeck Foundation. Dr Modinos was supported by a Sir Henry Dale Fellowship #202397/Z/16/Z, jointly funded by The Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society. ; This case-control study analyzes emotion recognition and neuroimaging data as well as clinical and functional outcomes for individuals at risk for transition to psychosis and those without psychiatric or neurological disorders. Is altered emotion recognition associated with adverse clinical and functional outcomes in people at clinical high risk for psychosis? In this case-control study of 213 individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and 52 healthy participants, abnormalities in the recognition of negative emotion at baseline were associated with neuroanatomical alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and with a low level of functioning at a 12-month follow-up. This study found that, in people with high risk for developing psychosis, functional outcomes are associated with the degree to which their emotion processing is altered. The development of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with psychosis has been associated with behavioral and neuroanatomical deficits related to emotion processing. However, the association between alterations in brain regions subserving emotion processing and clinical outcomes remains unclear. To examine the association between alterations in emotion processing and regional gray matter volumes ...