Suchergebnisse

The article discusses political economy discourse of ego documents related to the life and work of Decembrists at the colony in Yalutorovsk, Tobolsk Province (1832-1856). We study the Decembrists' private letters, autobiographical texts by I. D. Yakushkin, I. I. Pushchin, N. D. Fonvizina, E. P. Obolensky, as well as the memoirs written by M. S. Znamensky, O. N. Balakshina, A. P. Sozonovich, S. M. Semenov, K. M. Golodnikov etc. The subject of the research is "the political economy of empathy" discourse, expressed in the system of recurring motifs in the epistolary and autobiographical prose of the XIX century. ; В статье рассматривается политэкономический дискурс эго-документов, связан­ных с жизнью и деятельностью колонии ссыльных декабрстов в Ялуторовске Тобольской губернии (1832-1856).

This thesis studies the narrative interview of an Ingrian woman, who was evacuated to Finland with her family as thousands of other Ingrian Finns during the Second World War, according to the agreement between Finnish and German authorities. However, in 1945 the government of the USSR demanded return of those soviet citizens back to the Soviet Union, where they would live in Siberia or other places of the Soviet Russia without any right to go back to the places of their origins or leave the country. Therefore, tens of thousands Ingrian Finns who survived the WWII had to survive also the life in exile. The problematic of Ingrian Finns has been studied by different scientists from a variety of academic fields. This thesis makes an attempt to find out how the interviewee shapes her identity and constructs spaces and chronotopes during the process of narration, what kind of interconnection is there between the categories identification and space in the autobiographical interview. This research is constructed as a case study design. In order to understand remigrant woman s sense of identity and space gender approach is combined with cultural studies perspective in addition to sociological framework. By using narrative analysis this study tries to investigate which meanings in the text of the autobiographical interview emphasize the significance of some events and periods of time in the participant s life. What kind of events are there as a background on which the respondent shapes her identity and constructs spaces? How the narrator creates places and what are their meanings? These and some other questions arise here during the research. Hence, this study makes an attempt to define and deeply analyze the key concepts and events chosen by the respondent in her story-telling that play essential part in the process of identification and the construction of space in narrative. As a kind of discourse, narrative involves a dialogue about the variety of perceptions and understandings of the world. It has been an absolute privilege to be able to take a part in a life journey of the person who is willing to share her own understanding of the world and the way she makes sense of life. This kind of life experience makes the study unique and valuable by offering different perspectives on identity and space research. ; Жизнь как путешествие : хронотопы и нарративная самоидентификация в автобиографическом интервью

Данная статья является первой попыткой автора обратиться в рамках исследовательской парадигмы политической лингвистики к анализу автобиографического нарратива Ю. М. Лужкова. ; This article focuses, within the framework of the research paradigm of political linguistics, on the analysis of the autobiographical narrative of Yu. M. Luzhkov, Mayor of Moscow for about twenty years. The aim of the study is to show the strategy of reading and comprehension of the autobiography of a political leader as a communicative role act authorizing the politician's self-awareness and self-presentation.

The article makes an attempt to expand the boundaries of the long-established idea of the "unnoticed generation" of Russian émigré writers by comparing the fates and literary works of émigré "sons" and their contemporaries from Soviet Russia, and in this case — the ones who came to the West during World War II. The author focuses on the creative work of G. A. Andreev (Khomyakov), who consistently reproduced the life of his generation in its Soviet manifestation in his documentary and autobiographical prose: prisons and camps; the participation in the Soviet construction and production; the fate of a soldier during the war. The three thematic layers (camp — production — military) almost completely overlap with the overriding blocks of the auto-documentary plot that is recurrent in the works of "young" writers of white emigration: the Russian Civil War; declassed existence in a foreign country; participation in the Resistance. Referring to the content and thematic levels, the author points out the traits of generational unity in the works of G. Andreev (Khomyakov) and many representatives of the "young" literature of the first wave of emigration. ; В статье делается попытка расширить границы давно устоявшихся представлений о «незамеченном поколении» русских писателей-эмигрантов путем сопоставления жизненных судеб и литературного творчества авторов из когорты эмигрантских «сыновей» и их ровесников из советской России, в данном случае — тех из них, кто оказался на Западе во время Второй мировой войны. В качестве примера рассматривается творчество Г. А. Андреева (Хомякова), который в своей документально-автобиографической прозе последовательно воспроизвел жизнь своего поколения в его «советским» варианте: тюрьма и лагерь; участие в процессе советского строительства и производства; солдатская участь во время войны. Указанные три тематических пласта (лагерный — производственный — военный) почти в точности совпадают с наиважнейшими блоками автодокументального сюжета, стабильно присутствующего в произведениях «молодых» авторов белой эмиграции: Гражданская война в России; деклассированное существование в чужой стране; участие в Сопротивлении. На проблемно-содержательном и мотивно-тематическом уровнях выявляются черты поколенческой общности в творчестве Г. А. Андреева (Хомякова) и многих представителей «молодой» литературы первой волны.

Purpose of study is to analyze guidelines of self-understanding in psychology and substantiate classification of tendency investigation this phenomenon. Results of analyze guidelines of self-understanding are presented in article; author describe three guidelines of self-understanding: cognitive, narrative and existential. Cognitive traditions study of self-understanding is realized in developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, behavior approach, psychology of intellect. Narrative traditions study of self-understanding is fulfilled in narrative psychology and study of autobiographical memory. Existential traditions study of selfunderstanding is implemented in existential psychology, phenomenological- hermeneutical approach, sentiment theory of personality. Author substantiate view, that psychology of human being synthesize of all available scientific traditions study of self-understanding.

Introduction. The present paper deals with the interdiscursivity in postmodern literary biographic narration (biofiction) in which interdiscursivity is viewed as the author's strategy of text formation. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the interest of modern linguistics in interaction of different discourse types in literary texts. It is also relevant to study different techniques that the English author uses to represent an external linguocultural context, namely, to create the image of a Russian city in the English-language narration. The novelty of the research is implied by the choice of material under examination, as the constitutive elements of biofictional narration have not been fully defined yet.Methodology and sources. The study is drawn on M. Bradbury's English-language postmodern biofictional novel To the Hermitage. This biofiction depicts D. Diderot's trip to St. Petersburg, where he was invited by Catherine the Great. It also recounts the adventures of a modern expedition, which came to the same destination to study the French philosopher's heritage. The research of discourse interaction is based on a methodology, developed by V. Chernyavskaya. It combines traditional methods of stylistic analysis with discourse analysis.Results and discussion. While analysing the literary space of the biofiction, the following "central" discourses have been identified: Russian-culture-oriented discourse of English as well as historical, political, and autobiographical discourses. The narration is also rich in traits of "periphery" discourses, to name just a few: economical, literary, colloquial French, etc. M. Bradbury uses the strategy of simulated interdiscursivity to make a persuasive impact on a reader's mind, at the same time involving the reader in fact-fiction semantic game.Conclusion. The analysis highlighted here proved the fact that interdiscursivity is one of the dominant mechanisms an author uses to construct biofictional narration. This strategy reflects some key features of postmodern texts, such as blending of literary genres, a playful montage of different discourse types and ironic mode of narration. ; Введение. Настоящее исследование посвящено специфике реализации интердискурсивности как авторской стратегии текстопорождения в постмодернистском художественном биографическом повествовании (биофикции). Актуальность работы обусловлена интересом современной лингвистики к характеру взаимодействия различных типов дискурса в тексте художественного произведения. Также актуальным представляется исследование не до конца изученных механизмов авторской репрезентации инокультурного контекста, в частности, особенностей моделирования образа русского города в англоязычном повествовании. Научная новизна исследования связана с выбором для анализа биофикционального текста, конститутивные особенности которого изучены еще не полностью.Методология и источники. Материалом исследования послужил текст англоязычного постмодернистского романа-биофикции М. Брэдбери «To the Hermitage» («В Эрмитаж»), повествующий о поездке Д. Дидро в Петербург по приглашению Екатерины Второй, а также о современной экспедиции (конец ХХ в.) с целью изучения наследия французского философа. Для понимания междискурсного взаимодействия использовалась методика, разработанная В. Е. Чернявской и предполагающая выявление содержательно-тематических блоков в ткани текста.Результаты и обсуждение. При анализе художественного пространства данного биофикционального текста были выявлены такие «центральные текстооформленные» дискурсы, как англоязычный дискурс описания русской культуры, исторический, политический, автобиографический дискурсы. Также в текстовой ткани наблюдаются проекции «периферийных» дискурсов, а именно: экономического, литературного, французского разговорного и некоторых других. М. Брэдбери использует стратегию целенаправленно инсценируемой интердискурсивности с целью персуазивного воздействия на читательское сознание, а также для вовлечения читателя в рефлективную игру в семантическом поле «фактологичность–фикциональность».Заключение. Проведенное исследование установило, что интердискурсивность является одной из доминантных авторских стратегий построения биофикционального повествования, которая отражает основные особенности текстов, созданных в постмодернистской парадигме: смешение литературных жанров, игровой монтаж различных дискурсов и ироничный тон.

In the Russian social thinking, the notion "dissident movement" has appeared twice. For the first time, as a historical and theoretical term in the essay The Dissident (1866) by Nikolay Sokolov, and then, a century later in the autobiographical The Confession of a Dissident (1990) by Alexander Zinoviev. Zinoviev considered "the dissident movement" to be social practices, which allow for social generalization. The first part of the article represents the thinking on the initial stage of dissident movement understanding. The Russian essay writers of the 60s of 19th century analyzed this phenomenon based on the European experience, and connected it with the revolutionary struggle against the government and society to build socialist future for the mankind. In the second part of the article, the "dissident movement" is seen as a trial of a philosopher and sociologist who lived in socialism and communist period, in order to describe the merciless technologies to eliminate an individual from the Soviet intelligent society, in the 60s and 70s of 20th century. ; In the Russian social thinking, the notion "dissident movement" has appeared twice. For the first time, as a historical and theoretical term in the essay The Dissident (1866) by Nikolay Sokolov, and then, a century later in the autobiographical The Confession of a Dissident (1990) by Alexander Zinoviev. Zinoviev considered "the dissident movement" to be social practices, which allow for social generalization. The first part of the article represents the thinking on the initial stage of dissident movement understanding. The Russian essay writers of the 60s of 19th century analyzed this phenomenon based on the European experience, and connected it with the revolutionary struggle against the government and society to build socialist future for the mankind. In the second part of the article, the "dissident movement" is seen as a trial of a philosopher and sociologist who lived in socialism and communist period, in order to describe the merciless technologies to eliminate an individual from the Soviet intelligent society, in the 60s and 70s of 20th century.

Поступила в редакцию: 22.11.2019. Принята к печати: 15.12.2020. ; Submitted: 22.11.2019. Accepted: 15.12.2020. ; В статье рассматривается один из самых напряженных и трудных периодов в жизни Герцена, связанный с идеологическим кризисом писателя конца 1840-х гг., который находит отражение в его публицистических работах 1850-х гг. В исследовании предпринята попытка комплексного анализа книги «С того берега» как автобиографического текста с целью проследить формирование новой концепции личности автора и способов преодоления его мировоззренческого кризиса. Исследуется характер автобиографизма Герцена 1850-х гг., получившего в работе Л. Я. Гинзбург определение исторического. Исторический автобиографизм приходит на смену романтическому автобиографизму, характерному для герценовских работ 1830-х гг., и социально-психологическому, свойственному его творчеству 1840-х гг. Вопросы исторического порядка становятся теперь частью личной жизни писателя. Более того, Герцен персонифицирует принципы историософии: опыт отдельной личности расценивается им как опыт всего человечества. Однако кризис Герцена был также связан и с его неопределенным положением в европейских демократических кругах. Неслучайно он формулирует и выбирает для себя позицию стороннего наблюдателя. Эта позиция подкрепляется методом исторических аналогий (определение Р. Хестанова) — Герцен сравнивает события современной Европы с событиями конца античной цивилизации, а себя сопоставляет с римскими философами. Также он прибегает к приему театрализации настоящего, а следовательно, и самой истории, за счет чего происходит эффект двойного переживания (переживание над пережи- ванием, или метапереживание), что помогает ему дистанцироваться от событий дня сегодняшнего и преодолеть «душевную драму» конца 1840-х — начала 1850-х гг. ; This article examines one of the most stressful and difficult periods in Herzen's life associated with the writer's ideological crisis of the late 1840s, which was reflected in his journalistic works of the 1850s. This research is an attempt to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the book From the Other Shore as an autobiographical text in order to trace the formation of a new concept of the author's personality and ways to overcome his ideological crisis. The article examines the nature of autobiographism in Herzen's creative writing of the 1850s, which L. Ya. Ginzburg defined as historical autobiographism. Romantic autobiographism of the 1830s and socio-psychological autobiographism of the 1840s were replaced by historical autobiographism (definition by L. Ginzburg). Issues of historical order become part of the writer's personal life. Moreover, Herzen personifies the principles of historiosophy: he regards the experience of an individual as the experience of humanity at large. However, Herzen's uncertain position in European democratic social circles was responsible for the crisis as well. That is why Herzen formulated and chose for himself the position of an outside observer. The method of historical analogies (definition by R. Нestanov) highlights this new view — Herzen compares the events of Europe with the events of the end of Ancient civilization and juxtaposes himself with Roman philosophers. Furthermore, he uses the technique of dramatising the present, and, consequently, history itself, which leads to the effect of double reflection (reflection of reflection or meta-reflection), and helps him distance from the present and overcome the emotional drama of the late 1840s — early 1850s.

This article sets out to study the professors' community in the Red Professorate Institute in regards to the community's homogeneity and its didactic potential. Based on statistical and autobiographical documents deposited in the State archive of the Russian Federation, the author comes to the conclusion that the Institute did not succeed in crystallizing the cadres of a new type of Soviet professorship, due to their being no common features between its members: neither on the level of education and qualification characteristics, nor in the social homogeneity, nor in their political loyalty. The community was bright, polyphonic, heterogeneous, mobile, variable, sometimes responding to encouraging requests from the authorities (such as, for example, party membership), and sometimes ignoring them. In the socio-demographic aspect, the Institute of Red Professors did not completely become an ideological institution, how it was planned by Soviet government (although it was secured in curricula and programs of the disciplines). It was one of the places where the intelligentsia worked, where their knowledge and skills, often acquired even before 1917, were in demand.

The article focuses on the autobiographical writings of the Russian noblewomanVarvara Dukhovskaia (born Golitsyna) (1854—1931), whose memories are analysedas source material of a cultural history of the late Russian Empire. As the wife ofSergei M. Dukhovskoi, a high-rank dignitary of the Tsarist regime, who — amongother offices — served as governor-general in the Amur province and in RussianTurkestan, Dukhovskaia was part of the mobile imperial elite who got in closecontact with the cultural, geographical and political diversity of the Tsarist realmin the last decades of the 19th century. How, the article queries, did Dukhovskaiareflect in her memories the experience of the nomadic life, the representatives ofthe autocratic regime had to lead? Where did she locate Russia and the empire'speripheries on her mental maps? How did she describe her own role as femalespectator and actor on the stage of Russia´s "scenarios of power"? Autobiographies,like those of V. Dukhovskaia are of great value for the writing of "imperialbiographies". They help analysing both self-images of the imperial elite and theemotional dimension of imperial rule. Ego-documents texts written by womenstand out in particular, since its discoursive boundaries differ to autobiographicaltexts written by men. With the help of sources of this kind, the article argues,we can better understand the spectrum of emotions of imperial rule, shared bothby men and women, a reality of imperial history we have been knowing about solittle, because of the restraints of male autobiographical writing. ; Статья посвящена автобиографическим текстам русской дворянкиВ. Ф. Духовской (урожд. Голицыной, 1854—1931), воспоминания которой могутбыть прочтены как источник для изучения культурной истории Российскойимперии. Будучи супругой высокого царского сановника С. М. Духовского,который, помимо прочего, служил генерал-губернатором Амурской областии Туркестана, Духовская теснейшим образом соприкасалась с культурным,географическим и политическим многообразием царской империи. Авторзадается вопросом о том, как Духовская в своих воспоминаниях перерабаты-вала опыт мобильнойрепрезентантки самодержавного режима. Какое местоотводится империи и ее окраинам в ментальной карте мемуаристки? Как онаописывает свою роль зрительницы и актора в сценариях царской власти? Ав-тобиографические тексты наподобие текстов В. Духовской особенно подходятдля реконструкции «имперских биографий». С их помощью можно проанали-зировать автообразы российской имперской элиты и осветить эмоциональноеизмерение имперского господства. Личные свидетельства женщин при этомособенно важны, так как здесь дискурсивные границы автобиографическогописьма проходят иначе, чем у мужчин. Источники такого рода открываютвзгляд на чувственный спектр имперского господства, который, возможно,не был сугубо женским, но о котором на основе традиций мужского автобио-графического письма мы знаем еще очень мало.

Creative activity of L. Ya. Gurevich was a prominent and important phenomenon in the literature of the turn of the era. Reference literature speaks of her as an enthusiastic editor of one of the most popular magazines of the late 19th century. "Severnyj Vestnik" and a desperate publisher of the most sensational works of Russian symbolism. She was the author of bright historical-literary, literary-critical articles, and fiction. Moving away from her literary activity, L.Ya. Gurevich became one of the most famous theater critics. However, there was a certain period in her work that was closely associated with the feminist movement. The role of women in society worried L.Ya. Gurevich from early youth. The position of the writer is determined through the prism of the female images she created, many of which are autobiographical. After publishing several political broshures, L. Ya. Gurevich gained great fame among public and political figures. Fighting for the equality of women, L.Ya. Gurevich wrote about the high intellectual level of the representatives of the feminist movement and did not allow "to reduce it to outrageous tricks like smoking short-haired women in public".