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This paper deals with the axial force affecting the flat bottom of a cylindrical stirred vessel. The vessel is equipped with four radial baffles and is stirred with a four 45° pitched blade impeller pumping downwards. The set of pressure transducers is located along the whole radius of the flat bottom between two radial baffles. The radial distribution of the dynamic pressures indicated by the transducers is measured in dependence on the impeller off-bottom clearance and impeller speed.It follows from the results of the experiments that under a turbulent regime of flow of an agitated liquid the mean time values of the dynamic pressures affecting the bottom depend not on the impeller speed but on the impeller off-bottom clearance. According to the model of the flow pattern of an agitated liquid along the flat bottom of a mixing vessel with a pitched blade impeller, three subregions can be considered in this region: the liquid jet streaming downwards from the impeller deviates from its vertical (axial) direction to the horizontal direction, the subregion of the liquid flowing horizontally along the bottom and, finally, the subregion of the liquid changing direction from the bottom upwards (vertically) along the wall of the cylindrical vessel, when the volumetric flow rates of the liquid taking place in the downward and upward flows are the same.

"Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) brushless machines are modern electrical machines with a lot of advantages over their conventional counterparts. They are being increasingly used in consumer electronics, public life, instrumentation and automation system, clinical engineering, industrial electromechanical drives, automobile manufacturing industry, electric and hybrid electric vehicles, marine vessels and toys. They are also used in more electric aircraft's and many other applications on larger scale. The role of axial flux PM brushless machines is increasing especially in applications where integration of motors with other mechanical parts is imperative." "This monograph will be of interest to electrical engineers and other engineers involved in the design and application of AFPM brushless machine drives. It will be an important resource for researchers and graduate students in the field of electrical machine and drives."--Jacket

Techniken zur Steigerung der Formgebungsgrenzen in der Umformtechnik sind von hoher wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Schwingungsüberlagerung im Krafthauptfluss eines Axialformprozesses zur Ausprägung einer Verzahnungsgeometrie untersucht. Die Auswirkungen der Schwingung auf die erzielbare Ausfüllung der Zahnkavitäten werden analysiert sowie die Parameter Schmierung und Oberflächengüte der Halbzeuge in ihrer kombinierten Wirkung untersucht. Es konnte eine Reduzierung der mittleren Umformkraft sowie eine Erhöhung der Formfüllung festgestellt werden.
Techniques for extending the production limits in forming technology are of great economic importance. In this research, a superimposed oscillation in the main force flow of an axial forming process to form an axial gear geometry is investigated. The effects of the superimposed oscillation on the achievable form-filling of the tooth cavities are analyzed and the parameters lubrication and surface quality of the semi-finished products are investigated in their combined effect. A reduction of the averaged forming force as well as an increase of the form-filling could be achieved.

A proposição de uma era axial, durando aproximadamente entre 800 e 200 a.C. e ocorrendo nas principais civilizações do mundo antigo (China, Índia e Oriente Próximo), independentes umas das outras, foi primeiramente introduzida por Alfred Weber e Karl Jaspers. Posteriormente ela foi desenvolvida por Robert Bellah e Shmuel Eisenstadt, entre outros, e procurava entender desde o início se teria havido uma segunda era axial que nos conduziu à modernidade e, em caso afirmativo, se ela consiste em uma secularização das conquistas da primeira era axial. Neste artigo argumenta-se que a noção de segunda era axial é significativa, mas que a emergência da modernidade não pode ser explicada em termos de secularização das realizações da primeira era axial. Ao invés, institucionalizou-se um novo princípio axial que separa o mundo moderno do pré-moderno. Esse novo princípio é enunciado com referência a Hans Blumenberg, Charles Taylor e, sobretudo, Max Weber. A ênfase encontra-se na dialética do desencantamento e no lugar da religião em uma era secular.

"How should we think about the "shape" of human history since the birth of cities, and where are we headed? Sociologist and historian John Torpey proposes that the "Axial Age" of the first millennium BCE, when some of the world's major religious and intellectual developments first emerged, was only one of three such decisive periods that can be used to directly affect present social problems, from economic inequality to ecological destruction. Torpey's argument advances the idea that there are in fact three "Axial Ages," instead of one original Axial Age and several subsequent, smaller developments. Each of the three ages contributed decisively to how humanity lives, and the difficulties it faces. The earliest, or original, Axial Age was a moral one; the second was material, and revolved around the creation and use of physical objects; and the third is chiefly mental, and focused on the technological. While there are profound risks and challenges, Torpey shows how a worldview that combines the strengths of all three ages has the potential to usher in a period of exceptional human freedom and possibility"--