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Meet Sport Rivalry Man, a character created to help sport fans learn about the rivalry phenomenon and to illustrate appropriate treatment of rival fans.

This article considers the issues of improving norms regulating the relations connected with the status of fans of sports. The article includes suggestions and recommendations on introducing changes and amendments to the norms regulating the rights of sports fans based on the analysis of foreign experience and national legislation.

To examine sport fandom in Australia, a convenience sample of 163 university students (62% males, 38% females, M = 21.3) attending a large, multi-sector institution located in a western suburb of Melbourne voluntarily completed a 25-item questionnaire survey which included the Sport Fandom Questionnaire ( Wann, 2002 ) and the Sport Spectator Identification Scale ( Wann and Branscombe, 1993 ). Descriptive and inferential statistics revealed that males chose 'friends' as their most influential sport fan socialization agent while females ranked friends, parents and school about the same. Male socialization agents were very important for both sexes with 'father' chosen most influential. Males scored higher on every measure of sport fandom behavior including attending sports events, watching sports on television, listening to sports on the radio, engaging in a sports conversation with others, and accessing sport information via the Internet. Australian Football League teams were chosen 'favorite team' by 81 percent of the total sample; selection was unrelated to the respondent's sex. Compared with similar data obtained from US, Norwegian and Greek university student samples, these Australian students were judged greater sport consumers and more heavily identified with the sport fan role and a favorite team.

We investigated the impact of professional baseball fans' satisfaction on sporting event participation behavior. The use of service experience as a moderator allows for the understanding of changes in the relationship between satisfaction and sporting event participation, thus providing
a basis of reference for professional baseball management in the Asia region. In this study we distributed questionnaires to 417 Japanese professional baseball fans and used structural equation modeling to perform model analysis. The results of this study establish that experience with service
content directly impacts fan satisfaction and sporting event participation. However, satisfaction did not exhibit a significant direct impact on sporting event participation behavior. Service experience was, therefore, a moderator.

In an article recently published in this Journal, entitled "The Noble Sports Fan," Garry Smith (1988) presents a sociological analysis of the sports follower role. Unfortunately, his effort is seriously flawed. This paper, consequently, attempts to rectify selected significant errors and inadequacies to be found in Smith's study by providing a critique of four particularly problematic areas, namely: (1) the unquestioned adoption of the structural-functionalist position; (2) the attempted repudiation of the charge that sports spectating acts as an opiate; (3) the misunderstanding of art and artistic endeavors; and (4) the purported nobility of the sports fan. A concluding note offers suggestions for future research to enhance the sociological understanding of the sports spectator.

This paper presents a sociological analysis of the sport follower role. Topics covered include socialization into the sport fan role; the beneficial consequences of sport spectating, both for the individual and society; and a discussion of the traditional criticisms of sport spectating. The position taken is that following sport is a worthwhile leisure pursuit that enhances an individual's quality of life and has a cohesive effect on society.

Consuming Sport offers a detailed consideration of how sport is experienced and engaged with in the everyday lives, social networks and consumer patterns of its followers. It examines the processes of becoming a sport fan, and the social and moral career that supporters follow as their involvement develops over a life-course.The book argues that while for many people sport matters, for many more, it does not. Though for some sport is significant in shaping their social and cultural identity, it is often consumed and experienced by others in quite mundane and everyday ways, thr

Introduction. Eccentric Yet Conforming, Irrational Yet Predictable: Anatomy of the Hyper Mediated Sports Fan -- Unit 1. Antecedents and Outcomes of Fan Behavior. The Origins of Sport Fanship: Delineating Tipping Point Sports Identity Factors -- National Basketball Association (NBA) Social Platform Fan Desires: Attitudinal and Behavioral Intentions -- Shaping the Shield: Exploring the Impact of Fan Attachment and Consumption towards the Perception of the NFL Brand -- Loyalty and Locality: Contrasting Sport Fan Behaviors in the United States and China -- Unit 2. Media Impact on Building Fan Behavior. Resource Dependency Theory and Off-the-Field Behavior: An Analysis of Newspaper Coverage of the NFL's Ray Rice Saga -- The Power of Love: Sport Celebrity, Fandom and the Influence of Mental Health Disclosures on Reducing Stigma -- That's the Ticket...Trend: College Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Ticketing Shifts and Differences -- Fandom in the Twitter World: Sentiment Analyses of the FBS College Football National Championship -- Machine Learning Insights within Gender-Enacted Social Media Content: The Case of the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup -- Unit 3. Fandom and the eSports Revolution. Understanding eSports 1: Are Video Game Competitions Sporting Events? Comparing 30 eSport and Traditional Sport Spectatorship Motivations -- Understanding eSports 2: Active Audiences, New Needs, and Comparisons of the Consumption Motivations of eSport and Traditional Sport Spectatorship -- Understanding eSports 3: Construction of the Motivational Scale for eSport Spectatorship Consumption.

The fan sports blogger, a sports fan who contributes their own narratives to the quotidian reportage of sports by publishing an online sports news site on platforms like Blogger and Wordpress, is a relatively new fan presence. The scant research devoted to this nascent culture has questioned its potential impact on mainstream sports media, or the blogging behaviour of sports entities, but little yet is understood about the output and information-seeking behaviours of these fan bloggers. Given the increasingly entwined relationship between media and sport, these bloggers can be viewed as both sports fans, of which there is a growing corpus of surrounding literature, and as media consumers who gather information from the source they emulate. An increased understanding of these fan bloggers can illustrate how sports media audiences both harness and make sense of the media they consume and offer key insights into the interpretative behaviours of sports audiences. In this project a case study of 20 fan sports blogs from two sports blogospheres were analysed, looking for ways in which fan sports bloggers both use mainstream sports media and emulate sports media in two different sports contexts.

Why do women follow sports? How do they participate from the sidelines and what is the significance of this contribution? What can female fandom tell us about gender relations in sport? This book explores these and related questions by bringing together the varied strands of research being conducted internationally across the social sciences and humanities on this emerging and topical field.While sports spectatorship is a popular and well-respected site of analysis, no book-length, scholarly contribution documents women's experiences of sports fandom. For this reason, there is an obvious need

Abstract
Sport fan loyalty is important to attain within a culturally rich and global audience as loyal sport fans are unique consumers. The ability to adequately understand what motivates the sports consumer is an important requirement for sport managers. This paper proposes that a greater understanding of fandom will contribute to a better understanding of the concept of loyalty. Although there is research regarding typology of fans and loyalty, but even within sport advocates group there may be sub-categories that can explain loyalty behaviour further. This research analyses types of sport fans in different disciplines in the UK, as an example of diverse society to explore factors determining category of fans.

PurposeThis paper provides a thorough examination of Socios.com, a blockchain platform that integrates token sales with the fan experience in the sports industry. The study focuses on three key aspects: the performance, bubble phenomenon and dynamics of fan tokens. The author aims to address important questions that may concern potential supporters and investors. Might sports fans incur financial losses due to their team loyalty? Is the fan token market just a passing trend? Are fan tokens driven by the behaviour of the cryptocurrency market?Design/methodology/approachThis analysis aims to involve several methodologies. The author evaluates the short- and long-term performance of fan tokens by computing first-day and buy-and-hold (abnormal) returns. The author also employs the Phillips, Shi, and Yu's (PSY) real-time bubble detection method to investigate the presence of bubble phenomenon in the fan token market segment. Finally, the author examines the potential dependences between fan tokens, Chiliz and the cryptocurrency market (represented by the CCi30 index) using both Pearson/Kendall correlations and the wavelet coherence approach.FindingsThe study presents three notable contributions to the existing literature. First, the author demonstrates that investing in fan tokens to support one's favourite sports teams can lead to financial losses, whereas traders can potentially outperform the market by investing in Chiliz. Second, the author states that fan tokens were a short-lived trend, as evidenced by their decline in value after the bubble burst in 2021. Third, the findings indicate that the fan token market was influenced by the cryptocurrency market and Chiliz during periods of market downturns.Originality/valueTo the best of author's knowledge, this is the first paper to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the performance, bubble phenomenon and dynamics of the token market fan segment, along with the exclusive on-platform currency, Chiliz.

"Women worldwide are making their presence felt as sport fans in rapidly increasing numbers. This book makes a distinctive and innovative contribution to the study of sport fandom by exploring the growing visibility and interest in women who follow sport. It presents the latest data on women's sport spectatorship in different regions of the world, posing new theoretical paradigms to study the globalised nature of female sport fandom. This book goes beyond conventional approaches to analysing the practices of women sport fans. By using a critical feminist perspective to investigate cultural conditions and social contexts (including globalisation, digital networked technologies, consumerism, neoliberalism and postfeminism), it brings into view a diversity of women's voices and experiences as sport fans. It sheds new light on the power dynamics of gender, ethnicity and sexuality influencing women's participation in sport spectatorship and interrogates the ways female sport fandom is made visible through transnational media networks. Women Sport Fans: Identification, participation, representation is fascinating reading for all those interested in sport and gender, the sociology of sport, or women's studies." --