Suchergebnisse

The article examines the use of women scientists by the Soviet government as a possible tool of political propaganda in the international arena. The paper explores the international activities of Soviet women scientists aimed at promoting peace and the activities of the USSR in this area among members of foreign women's organizations and participants of various "peaceful" congresses and conferences, on the one hand, and the activities of the same women scientists during the Second World War to promote the position of the Soviet Union. On the basis of documents of personal origin, as well as memories, the attitude of women scientists to this role is analyzed. ; В статье рассматривается отношение советского правительства к женщинам-ученым как к возможному орудию политической пропаганды на международной арене. Исследуется международная деятельность советских женщин-ученых, направленная на пропаганду мира и деятельности СССР в этом направлении среди членов зарубежных женских организаций и участников различных «мирных» конгрессов и конференций, с одной стороны, и деятельность тех же женщин-ученых в период Второй мировой войны по пропаганде позиции Советского Союза — с другой. На основании документов личного происхождения, а также воспоминаний анализируется отношение женщин-ученых к этой их роли.

Conon of Athens played a major role in classical Athenian history. His influence even reached far beyond this famous city. He was an immensely important actor in the international relations between Athens, Sparta and other Greek cities, and the most important intermediary for Athens with Artaxerxes II, Pharnabazus and the Persians more generally. In spite of this prominent role there are few focussed studies of Conon's extraordinary career and personality. By presenting a biographical essay on him this study therefore fills a significant gap in ancient-history scholarship. This essay explores the striking direction of his career. Coming out of almost total obscurity in 414/3, he started a civil and military career that experienced a brutal interruption after Athens's total defeat at Aegospotami in 405/4. After living for 12 years in exile, he returned, eventually, to his city, in 394/3, as a celebrated military victor and hero. But his exceptional career ended, in 390/89, again, a long away from Athens. ; Conon d'Athènes fait partie des personnages qui ont fortement marqué l'histoire de sa cité durant la période classique. Son influence au cours de cette étape de l'histoire de la Grèce ne s'est pas limitée à Athènes. En effet, il est un acteur des rapports que celle-ci entretient avec les autres cités grecques, particulièrement avec Sparte, mais surtout des relations entre Athènes et les Perses, notamment Pharnabaze et Artaxerxès II. Malgré cette présence remarquable et incontestable, la vie et la personnalité de Conon n'ont guère fait l'objet de contributions approfondies et complètes. C'est l'objectif que cette étude s'est fixé, en proposant de Conon d'Athènes cet essai de biographie. Il ressort en définitive que l'homme a connu une trajectoire singulière. Durant la dernière décennie de la guerre du Péloponnèse, il apparaît comme un stratège très actif auquel la cité renouvelle sa confiance. Mais à la défaite d'Aigos-Potamos en 405 il réagit par un exil volontaire à Chypre,où il prépare son retour dans sa ...

The article examines the early stage of cooperation between the writer and philosopher P.P. Pertsov and the conservative newspaper Novoe Vremya (1868–1917). Fragments of Pertsov's archival correspondence with the philosophical writer V.V. Rozanov, Pertsov's father and the critic of the liberal magazine «Russian wealth» A.G. Gornfeld are partially introduced into scientific circulation. The author analyzes the reasons for Pertsov's difficult attitude to the publisher and editor of Novoye Vremya, the playwright and founder of the Maly theater in St. Petersburg, A.S. Suvorin. The author substantiates the conclusion about Pertsov's fundamental differences related to the position of Novoye Vremya in the case of the French officer A. Dreyfus. An overview of Pertsov's publications in the newspaper related to the beginning of his collaboration with the newspaper is given. The author traces the evolution of the attitude of a young critic, a liberal in the recent past, to the «New time». Russian Russian theater and drama is the first time that Pertsov's correspondence with A. Suvorin is introduced into scientific circulation, filled with reflections on Russian theater and Russian dramaturgy. The letters discuss Pertsov's theatrical articles: «About the new theater» (about the production of a play by the German playwright G. Gauptmana «Lonely») and «a Satire or a drama» (about productions of new plays by A.P. Chekhov). Pertsov and Suvorin discuss performances of the Art public theater (Moscow art theater), which opened in Moscow in 1898. In a polemic with a young critic, Suvorin defended the national theater, represented by plays by Russian playwrights, primarily A.N. Ostrovsky. Pertsov advocated a new theater, focused primarily on the production of plays by modern playwrights regardless of their nationality.

The article is dedicated to the legendary person — Suleiman Kuchukov, the first Kyrgyz cadre officer, a hero of the First World War, one of the first horse breeders in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. Based on published sources, documents from archival funds and field research, an attempt was made to clarify some of the "white spots" in his biography: the correct spelling of his name, exact dates of life and death, information about awards, etc. were proposed. Some of the materials used are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Thus, the article dispels some of the myths associated with him. The military route of one of the first national military formations, the Kara-Kyrgyz cavalry regiment, which Suleiman Kuchukov commanded during the Civil War, was traced. In addition to military service and economic activity, the personal life and fate of his descendants are also affected among which two honored artists of the Uzbek SSR. The author separately addresses the issue of the nationality of the commander, pointing to signs of ethnic marginalization of the individual. Unfortunately, the true causes and circumstances of the sudden death of the hero remain unclear. ; Статья посвящена легендарной личности — Сулейману Кучукову — первому кадровому офицеру из числа киргизов, герою Первой мировой войны, одному из первых коннозаводчиков Киргизии и Узбекистана. Опираясь на опубликованные источники, документы архивных фондов и полевые исследования, автором предпринята попытка прояснить некоторые «белые пятна» в его биографии: предлагается правильное написание его имени, точные даты жизни и смерти, сведения о награждениях и т.д. Часть использованных материалов впервые вводится в научный оборот. Таким образом, развеиваются некоторые мифы, связанные с ним. Прослеживается боевой путь одного из первых национальных воинских соединений — Кара-киргизского кавалерийского полка, которым в годы Гражданской войны командовал С. Кучуков. Кроме военной службы и хозяйственной деятельности, затрагивается также его личная жизнь и судьба потомков, среди которых две заслуженные артистки Узбекской ССР. Особое внимание уделяется вопросу национальной принадлежности командира. К сожалению, остаются не установленными истинные причины и обстоятельства внезапной гибели героя.

The historian José Orlandis (1918-2010) incorporated the Opus Dei in 1939 and was ordered to take ten years later. He participates in the Spanish Civil War and lives in the Second World War in Rome, where he facilitates the recognition of the Opus Dei by the Holy See. Her often epistolary relations with Josémaria Escriva were followed. Professor of Law History at the Universities of Sara-gosse and Navarra, he is the author of an important work on wisi-gothic Spain, which is the recognition of his mediated colleagues, such as Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz; he shall maintain an ongoing correspondence with them. He has also written several books on the history of the Church, including recent history, but also on spirituality in syntony with his pastoral tasks. He also practises multilingualism. Historically, his work oscillates between positivism and Yemenology according to the target audience, either specialists or much wider. ; International audience The historian José Orlandis (1918-2010) joined Opus Dei in 1939 and was ordained a priest ten years later. He was involved in the Spanish Civil War and he lived in Rome during the Second World War, where he was able to assist with the rec- ognition of Opus Dei by the Holy See. Throughout his life he was in constant contact, particularly by letter, with Josemaría Escrivá. He was professor of History of Law at the Universities of Saragossa and Navarre; he is author of important work on Visigothic Spain that was well received by his medievalist ; The historian José Orlandis (1918-2010) incorporated the Opus Dei in 1939 and was ordered to take ten years later. He participates in the Spanish Civil War and lives in the Second World War in Rome, where he facilitates the recognition of the Opus Dei by the Holy See. Her often epistolary relations with Josémaria Escriva were followed. Professor of Law History at the Universities of Sara-gosse and Navarra, he is the author of an important work on wisi-gothic Spain, which is the recognition of his mediated colleagues, such as Claudio ...

The article explores the biographies of Peter Kisel and Cimafiej Hurka, who represented the Viciebsk district at the Diet of 1569 and directly participated in the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. For a long time in historiography, attention was paid only to the most influential figures of this Diet. However, the simple, «unremarkable» representatives of the wide circles of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania' nobility played their role in the negotiations on the union. Interests and ideas, conscious and values, and finally, the personal experience of these people directly determined their social and political position, and therefore, to one degree or another, the life of the entire state. The aim of research is to reflect the most important forms of social activity of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania' petty and middle nobility in the second half of the 16th century on the example of two Viciebsk noblemen's unique destinies. It shows the influence of the military and political events of the 1560s on political activities of Peter Kisel and Cimafiej Hurka. The Livonian War's experience definitely influenced their position on the conclusion of the union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Kingdom in 1569. The author concludes that it was the cardinal transformations of the 1560s (state reforms, the establishment of the Commonwealth) that allowed them to actively participate in a public life of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It also enabled Kisel and Hurka noble families to take a firm place among the political elite of the Viciebsk district for a long time. It is emphasized that a detailed study of «unremarkable» noblemen's biographies provides advanced research of the noble estate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

L. Suryadinata menceritakan riwayat hidup Liem Koen Hian (1896-1952) dan membahas pikiran politiknya. Tokoh tersebut adalah salah seorang tokoh politik keturunan Tionghoa yang paling berpenga- ruh di Indonesia sebelum Perang Dunia II. Dia jadi wartawan di Kalimantan, di Sumatra dan terutama di Jawa, dan dialah yang men- dirikan Partai Tionghoa Indonesia pada tahun 1932. Sebelum memper- joangkan nasionalisme Indonesia dia sebetulnya mempropagandakan nasionalisme Tionghoa ; dan tidak lama sesudah kemerdekaan dia akhirnya memilih kewarganegaran Tionghoa. Meskipun demikian dia tetap dianggap sebagai bapak dan pelopor faham asimilasionis.