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The ubiquitous presence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the environment as a result of continuous discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into water matrices&mdash ; even at trace concentrations (ng/L)&mdash ; is of great concern, both in the public and environmental health domains. This fact essentially warrants developing and implementing energy-efficient, economical, sustainable and easy to handle technologies to meet stringent legislative requirements. Membrane-based processes&mdash ; both stand-alone or integration of membrane processes&mdash ; are an attractive option for the removal of OMPs because of their high reliability compared with conventional process, least chemical consumption and smaller footprint. This review summarizes recent research (mainly 2015&ndash ; present) on the application of conventional aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors used for the removal of organic micropollutants (OMP) from wastewater. Integration and hybridization of membrane processes with other physicochemical processes are becoming promising options for OMP removal. Recent studies on high retention membrane bioreactors (HRMBRs) such as osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBRs) and membrane distillation bioreactors (MDBRs) are discussed. Future prospects of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and HRMBRs for improving OMP removal from wastewater are also proposed.

© 2020 by the authors. The ubiquitous presence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the environment as a result of continuous discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into water matrices-even at trace concentrations (ng/L)-is of great concern, both in the public and environmental health domains. This fact essentially warrants developing and implementing energy-efficient, economical, sustainable and easy to handle technologies to meet stringent legislative requirements. Membrane-based processes-both stand-alone or integration of membrane processes-are an attractive option for the removal of OMPs because of their high reliability compared with conventional process, least chemical consumption and smaller footprint. This review summarizes recent research (mainly 2015-present) on the application of conventional aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors used for the removal of organic micropollutants (OMP) from wastewater. Integration and hybridization of membrane processes with other physicochemical processes are becoming promising options for OMP removal. Recent studies on high retention membrane bioreactors (HRMBRs) such as osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBRs) and membrane distillation bioreactors (MDBRs) are discussed. Future prospects of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and HRMBRs for improving OMP removal from wastewater are also proposed.

Air Pollution Prevention and Control : Bioreactors and Bioenergy is the first reference work to give a broad overview of bioprocesses for the mitigation of air pollution. Primarily intended for researchers and students in environmental engineering, biotechnology and applied microbiology, the book will also be of interest to industrial and governmental researchers.--COVER

In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has markedly enhanced the functionality of bioreactors by offering the capability of manufacturing intricate architectures, which changes the way of conducting in vitro biomodeling and bioanalysis. As 3D-printing technologies become increasingly mature, the architecture of 3D-printed bioreactors can be tailored to specific applications using different printing approaches to create an optimal environment for bioreactions. Multiple functional components have been combined into a single bioreactor fabricated by 3D-printing, and this fully functional integrated bioreactor outperforms traditional methods. Notably, several 3D-printed bioreactors systems have demonstrated improved performance in tissue engineering and drug screening due to their 3D cell culture microenvironment with precise spatial control and biological compatibility. Moreover, many microbial bioreactors have also been proposed to address the problems concerning pathogen detection, biofouling, and diagnosis of infectious diseases. This review offers a reasonably comprehensive review of 3D-printed bioreactors for in vitro biological applications. We compare the functions of bioreactors fabricated by various 3D-printing modalities and highlight the benefit of 3D-printed bioreactors compared to traditional methods. ; Nanyang Technological University ; Published version ; The authors are thankful for the support by HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors. This research was conducted in collaboration with HP Inc. and supported/partially supported by the Singapore Government through the Industry Alignment Fund-Industry Collaboration Projects Grant.

AbstractThe Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has developed and patented innovative Hybrid Bioreactors that

destroy water and air contaminants, with dramatic savings over existing technologies. Hybrid Bioreactors

accomplish single‐step destruction of contaminants without generating contaminated off‐gases or

other secondary waste streams. Contaminants destroyed include a wide variety of volatile organic compounds,

chlorinated solvents, and other compounds. The bioreactors can be used in a variety of applications ranging

from site restoration to industrial compliance. Treatment costs using Hybrid Bioreactors are generally less

than one‐tenth of costs reported at Superfund sites. A gas stream application of the new technology was

field‐demonstrated at Anniston Army Depot in a project funded by the U.S. Army Environmental Center. A

300‐cubic‐foot Hybrid Bioreactor is being demonstrated this year at TVA's Wetlands Complex

in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Additional information is available at

http://www.tva.gov/environment/envservices/alw_biofilter.htm. © 2002 Wiley

Periodicals, Inc.*

Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Engineering and Technology Sciences, Biotechnology. ; Water is a natural resource essential for life maintenance of the human kind and the ecosystems found in Nature. Currently the natural resources of water are increasingly exhausted with the constant water demand. Biological wastewater treatment processes are green, economic and efficient ways to remove pollutants from wastewater and recycle the water back into the environment. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in the last two decades have gained special attention due to the small footprint and the high quality of the treated effluent, helping meeting the requirements of increasingly stricter legislations. MBRs combine the activated sludge process with membrane filtration and have specific features that likely affect the microbial structure and ecophysiology.(.)

[EN] This paper addresses the estimation of specific growth rate of microorganisms in bioreactors using sliding observers. In particular, a second-order sliding observer based on biomass concentration measurement is proposed. Differing from other proposals that only guarantee bounded errors, the proposed observer provides a smooth estimate that converges in finite time to the time-varying parameter. Stability is proved using a Lyapunov approach. The observer exhibits also robustness to process uncertainties since no model of the reaction is used for its design. In addition, the off-surface coordinate of the sliding observer is useful to determine the convergence time as well as to identify sensor faults and unexpected behaviors. Because of the structure of the output error injection, chattering phenomena of conventional sliding mode algorithms are substantially reduced. The features of the proposed observer are assessed by numerical and experimental data. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by the National University of La Plata (Project 11-1127), ANPCyT (PICT2007-00535) and CONICET (PIP112-200801-01052) of Argentina; the Technical University of Valencia (PAID-02-09 program and FPI-2009/21 grant), the CICYT (DPI2005-01180) and AECID (A/024186/09) of Spain: and by FEDER funds of the European Union. ; De Battista, H.; Picó, J.; Garelli, F.; Vignoni, A. (2011). Specific growth rate estimation in (fed-)batch bioreactors using second-order sliding observers. Journal of Process Control. 21(7):1049-1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2011.05.008 ; S ; 1049 ; 1055 ; 21 ; 7

AbstractRecently developed polymeric membrane performance enhancer product, MPE50, was tested in various pilot‐ and full‐scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The Initial MPE50 dosage was determined by visual jar tests and by using various bench‐top filtration tests. Different amounts of MPE50 were dosed, and the particle size and supernatant clarity of the mixed liquor were monitored visually. Bench‐top filtration tests were also conducted. A 50% higher MPE50 dosage is recommended to be added to the pilot/full‐scale bioreactors because, based on experience, some of the soluble microbial products in the mixed liquor do not completely react with polymer during the relatively short bench‐test mixing time interval. With the addition of 400 mg/L MPE50 to a pilot MBR, the design flow was increased twofold without any significant transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase for 1 day. The control TMP surged within a few hours without MPE50. Long‐term field trials in a full‐scale plant also showed a substantial flux increase. In addition to flux enhancement, MPE50 helped to remove foam from the bioreactors and improved plant aesthetics, safety and general operating performance.

1049 1055 21 7 ; S ; [EN] This paper addresses the estimation of specific growth rate of microorganisms in bioreactors using sliding observers. In particular, a second-order sliding observer based on biomass concentration measurement is proposed. Differing from other proposals that only guarantee bounded errors, the proposed observer provides a smooth estimate that converges in finite time to the time-varying parameter. Stability is proved using a Lyapunov approach. The observer exhibits also robustness to process uncertainties since no model of the reaction is used for its design. In addition, the off-surface coordinate of the sliding observer is useful to determine the convergence time as well as to identify sensor faults and unexpected behaviors. Because of the structure of the output error injection, chattering phenomena of conventional sliding mode algorithms are substantially reduced. The features of the proposed observer are assessed by numerical and experimental data. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This work was supported by the National University of La Plata (Project 11-1127), ANPCyT (PICT2007-00535) and CONICET (PIP112-200801-01052) of Argentina; the Technical University of Valencia (PAID-02-09 program and FPI-2009/21 grant), the CICYT (DPI2005-01180) and AECID (A/024186/09) of Spain: and by FEDER funds of the European Union. De Battista, H.; Picó, J.; Garelli, F.; Vignoni, A. (2011). Specific growth rate estimation in (fed-)batch bioreactors using second-order sliding observers. Journal of Process Control. 21(7):1049-1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2011.05.008