Suchergebnisse

Profit and loss sharing (PLS) financing should be the main operational characteristic of Islamic financial institutions because it more comply to sharia (Islamic law) and more fair (Chapra, 2001:223). But in fact, PLS-financing in Islamic micro-finance (IMF) in Indonesia is very small, which is about 20% of total financing. Some IMF"s managers think that PLS-financing is lead to poor performance due to the nature of uncertainty. This study aims at analyzing the effect of PLS-financing on the business performance, social performance, and maslahah (benefits) for stake holders. Maslahah is the purpose of Islamic law (sharia). By this, PLS-financing as the implementation of Islamic law have to improve maslahah for stakeholders. This study uses quantitative approach with partial least square (PLS) analysis. PLS analysis is used to determine the relationships among the latent variables; PLS-financing, business performance, social performance, and maslahah. On this study, all of the latent variables are measured by formative indicators. PLS-financing is formed by mudaraba financing and musyaraka financing. Business performance variable is formed by three indicators; return on assets, performing financing, and financing to deposit ratio. Social Performance variable is formed by three indicators; qard-qardul hasan financing; distributing of alms, infaq, sadaqah; and social funds. Maslahah variable is formed by five indicators; maslahah of owners, executives, employees, government, and society. The results indicate that the PLS-financing affects business performance negatively, but business performance affects the social performance and maslahah positively. By this result, it can be concluded that the allocation of PLS-financing of IMF affects the maslahah negatively. The cause is many PLS-financing given to start up business has high risk.

Plant variety protection is a relatively new concept for many Indonesians. It was developed because of the patent regime's failure to provide appropriate protection for new plant varieties. This new sui generis legislation for the protection of plant varieties was enacted in response to Article 27.3(b) of the TRIPS Agreement, which requires WTO Members to provide an effective sui generis law for the protection of new plant varieties. This paper analyses the current state of plant variety protection in Indonesia. It covers the threshold of protection, the subject, scope, right and obligation of breeders, exceptions to infringement, farmers' rights and local varieties. It also analyses the current policy to revise the Plant Variety Protection Act and the underlying reasons for this, including Indonesia's national interest and its international and bilateral commitments. The main focus of the paper explores why such policy is not broadly compatible with the Indonesian agricultural tradition of seed sharing. Accordingly, this paper explores the tradition of seed sharing in Indonesian culture known as adat. In addition, it explores the likely implication of such protection for national agricultural innovation.

The research aims to examine the effect of funds balance (the General Alocation Fund, the Special Allocation Fund, the Revenue Sharing Fund) and the effect of financial ratios (Local Financial Dependency Ratio, Regional Financial Independence Ratio, Ratio Effectiveness of Locally Generated Revenue and Ratio Effectiveness of Local Tax) to Human Development Index. Human development Index is one of the measure that can be used in assessing the success of local government performance in providing good service to the society.The population in this research is the regencies/municipalities in West Sumatera.The data used is the secondary data of the Regional Revenues and Expenditures Budget of regional government of regencies/municipalities in West Sumatera in 2010-2014. Data were obtained from financial management services of West Sumatera. The results of the research shows that the General Allocation Fund (DAU), the Special Allocation Fund (DAK), Regional Financial Independence Ratio, Ratio Effectiveness of Locally Generated Revenue and Effectiveness of Local Tax, effect on the Human Development Index (HDI). While the Revenue Sharing Fund and Local Financial Dependency Ratio no effect on the Human Development Index (HDI).Keywords: Funds Balance, Financial Ratios, Human Development Index (HDI).

The refugee crisis is a global problem that needs serious attention. Responsibility-sharing is a core tenet of international responses to refugee crises. However, global governance, within the framework of the global refugee regime, is often practically ineffective to respond such problems. In this aspect, conceptual evaluation and reform are needed. In this particular momentum, civil society groups are able to be involved, in both performance evaluation and framework formulation related to global governance on refugees. One of the formal form of civil society is a non-governmental organization (NGO). Amnesty International is one of the NGOs involved in the process of evaluating and reforming global governance on refugees. This article aims to find out the form of Amnesty International's involvement in global governance on refugees. This study used descriptive-qualitative method. The findings in this article are that Amnesty International has a direct involvement in order to evaluate and to reform the global governance framework related to refugees through the 2016 UN High Summit for Refugee and Migrant. This involvement was demonstrated through performance evaluations and proposals for more genuine responsibility-sharing, both at the conceptual and technical level. Amnesty International in this involvement pursued an agenda that has two dimensions, namely: the dimension of institutional evolution and the agenda dimension.

This study is a survey on Credit Union (CU) Cikal Mas Purwokerto and BaitutTamwil Muhammadiyah (BTM) Dana Mentari Patikraja members in Banyumas. Theaims of this study are to determine: (1) The differences of financial literacy levels between CU Cikal Mas Purwokerto and BTM Dana Mentari Patikraja members at thethree aspects i.e. behaviors, knowledge and attitudes, (2) The level of sharia aspectsknowledge of BTM Dana Mentari Patikraja members, (3) The implementation of interest system of CU Cikal Mas Purwokerto, and (4) The implementation of profit sharingsystem of BTM Dana Mentari Patikraja.The population in this study are individuals in Banyumas who grouped into twogroups, i.e. the members of Credit Union Cikal Mas Purwokerto and the members ofBaitut TamwilMuhammadiyah Dana Mentari Patikraja. There were 60 respondentstaken in this study which consisted of 30 respondents for each group. Based on the research and analysis of data using different test Mann Whitney U showed that: (1)Thereare differences between the financial literacy levels of CU Cikal Mas Purwokertomembers and BTM Dana Mentari Patikraja members viewed from three aspects: behaviors, knowledge and attitudes,(2) The level of sharia aspects knowledge of BTMDana Mentari Patikraja members are relatively low, (3) The implementation of interest system in CU Cikal Mas Purwokerto as according to the theory that the loan interest relatively smaller than the saving interest, it known based on interview with managers of CU Cikal Mas Purwokerto, and (4) The implementation of profit sharing system in BTM Dana Mentari Patikrajaas according to the theory used by Islamic financial institutions that profit sharing agreement to both parties when the contract is underway.

This study aims to choose a fiscal stress index that is most suitable to assess state budget condition in Indonesia. The analysis factor is used to assess several factors that can cause stress on the state budget. SPSS is used for the purposes of the analysis. There are eleven indicators of two factors that lead to fiscal stress. The assessment revealed that there is only one fiscal stress index which is suitable to assess state budget condition in Indonesia. Factors can lead to fiscal stress in Indonesia are state expenditure, debt factors, education spending, general allocation funds, profit sharing funds, special autonomy funds, health spending, debt interest payments, state obligation, and the number of population.

Burundi is one of the poorest countries in the world that suffered from prolonged ethnic conflict. Conflict between Hutu and Tutsi has brought this country into genocide on 1972 and 1993 that led into 12 years of civil war. Peacemaking effort to end violent conflict in Burundi has gone through three main phases involving regional and international organisations. As result of this peace process, the parties have signed Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement on 28 August 2000. This agreement directly addressed the issue of ethnicity in Burundi and devised a power- sharing arrangement. However, peace is a fragile thing so it's important to build strong foundation for ensuring its sustainability. Peacebuilding efforts are necessary to bring post-conflict recovery and prevent the outbreak of civil war in the future. The role of international community is also needed to support post-conflict peace-building in Burundi.

The policy for imposing 0% (zero-percent) Land and Building Title Acquisition Fee in DKI Jakarta Province under Governor Regulation Number 126 of 2017 has been implemented for a period of 4 (four) years. In practice there have been found various advantages and weaknesses in the course of policy implementation. This study aims to describe the result of the evaluation on the implementation of the policy imposing zero-percent of Tax Object Acquisition Value (BPHTB). This study used qualitative descriptive method which suggests the explanation and understanding of the phenomenon in the grant of tax incentive. The outcome from the study reveals that the benefit from the policy is the ease of tax burden for the lower middle class communities to own house in DKI Jakarta and to encourage the acceleration of the land certification. The policy implementation also however implies that many taxpayers avoid the tax by using loophole in the Governor Regulation to enjoy this tax facility.

The integration of mediation in court practices, on the one hand intended to avoid the accumulation of cases, but on the other hand increase the burden of the judges. For that reason, it is understandable if the success rate is very small mediation divorce case. Paramediator limited time availability, lack of skills/skill mediator, lack of motivation and persistence finish the case, the absence of a mediator from outside the court registered a problematic instrument relating to the judge mediator. This condition presupposes the involvement of non-judge mediators, who have local knowledge base to engage in mediation cases. In fact, the regulations will it also looked very normative-procedural. In addition, this type of divorce case is rather complicated, especially if motivated by domestic violence, disharmony, the presence of third parties into its own problematic when mediated. But the most decisive is the parties who appeared since the beginning has been shut down to peace, making its implementation more complicated problems of mediation in Gorontalo Religious Court and Limboto Religious Court.

The 2007 Indonesian investment law granted national treatment for foreign investors, establishing a transparent 'negative list' for out-of-bonds investment sectors, and has been considired as a reformative regulation in Indonesia's economic strategy. However, decentralized systems give autonomy to local governments to manage their projects and infrastructure themselves. This leads into increasiig investment burdens through their opaque measures that are creating perceptions of risk for foreign investors. As a result, lack of legal certainty, inconsistent regulations and judiciary system would hamter investments. This article argues that law 25/2007 should be supported by a comprehensive investment policy to attract more foreign investors into Indonesia. A key element in establishing a competitive region is a free and open investment regime, This article addresses policy impediment to private investment in Indonesia as well as in the ASEAN region. Indonesia and ASEAN should have non-discriminatory treatment extended to foreign investors including ASEAN-based inveitors, as the establishment of ASEAN Economic community (AEC) will cornmence in 2015. Legal certainty of international business transaction by private investors is fostering investments by both direct investment and indirect investment (portfolio). Parties to investment agreements include individuals, small, medium and large multinational corporations, and countries. In this centralized global atmosphere, the Indonesian agovemment has to provide guarantees to leverage private investments.

Nano power diplomacy is a diplomacy done by individuals and small groups, without bargaining and negotiating. Diplomacy without theoretical and scientific approaches, because it is just a small nod (actor unit) that does not carry a real-power set. Nano power diplomacy is an activity that emphasizes sharing of symbols between citizens, person to person direct contact. That is, nano power diplomacy is a diplomacy practice based on socio-cultural relations between people, between cultures, which tries to overcome differences and cultural barriers in building an equitable human community, such as race, ethnicity, customs, language, social level -economy, skin color and differences of trust and religion. A truly initiated diplomacy by the individual, which does not speak of conflict mediation and economic perspective, without bilateral, multilateral and summit meeting typologies, but diplomacy that emphasizes interpersonal communication and public communication. There is no secrecy, hidden agendas and transparencies, because every participant in nano power diplomacy is a human being who is born by a product of the same destiny, namely God the Creator. They multiply, eat and drink of the same type. They also have a lifestyle in much the same way. Finally, they also communicate in more or less the same way and pattern, verbal and non-verbal communication. Thus, human beings are universal beings who have the ability to live in kinship. Below is described the basic assumptions, methodology and notions of nano power diplomacy

The research is aimed to know the local government ability in decentralization schema according to the local government financial report that using decentralization fiscal level between central and local government. The result shows that ratio between the local government income (PAD) and total income of local government (TPD) for all local government in Yogyakarta Province in 1996-2006 is very low, less than 10%. The ratio between production sharing for tax and non-tax (BHPBP) and total income of local government (TPD) is also low. Therefore, these phenomena indicate that the ratio of decentralization financial is very low. Other ways to know the local government financial report is using independent level of government local that used the income of the local government for their budget. This shows that the local governmet income (PAD) contribution in the total expenditure of local government (TKD) is still low; therefore the local government financial autonomy is very low. According to those results, the decentralization implementation in Yogyakarta province is not success. The factors that influence in financial autonomy level are contribution level, aid level, government funding, and economy potential. These factors contribute in local government financial level at Yogyakarta Province. This paper shows that contribution level (BM) and PDRB significantly affect local government financial level. Therefore, the BM has negative relation but PDRB has positive one to the autonomy financial level. Beside that, aid variable (BN) and government funding (PP) only have a small effect in the autonomy financial level. Keywords: decentralization, financial autonomy level, local government income

The practice of regeneration in Indonesia is still very far from expectations, because of the failure of the regeneration, many parties have given birth to instant party cadres. This Party cadre made the black face of parliament in the Government. Every Political Party has or practices a different Cadre system and decides its cadre skills, which makes the Party understand the cadres' burdens, functions, roles and tasks that have an influence on the electability of its Party. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of regeneration in the Group of Work Groups in Bangli Regency. This study uses qualitative data analysis methods. In this study the research subjects numbered 59 and the sampling technique used was Purposive Sampling, namely 6 people who understood about the Kadersiasi process in DPD II in the Golongan Karya Party, especially in Bangli Regency. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research results obtained, DPD II of the Group of Work Groups in Bangli Regency conducted political recruitment in accordance with the functions of the party, the recruitment process carried out by the Working Group every 6 months to get new prospective members and who would later be prepared to become cadres. From the recruitment process of the Party of Work Group DPD II Bangli Regency which is able to have as many as 1,765 members spread throughout Bangli Regency. The regeneration of the Group of Work in DPD II in Bangli Regency is carried out every 4 years in accordance with the Statutes / By-Laws, the Regulations of the Party Organization, in the regeneration there is a pattern or mechanism applied by the DPD Party II in the Group of Work in Bangli Regency implementing a tiered cadre of Education Primary or Regency level regeneration.

APBD is a plan for the implementation of all Regional Revenues and all Regional Expenditures in the framework of the implementation of Decentralization within a given fiscal year. Collection of all Regional revenues aims to meet the targets set in the APBD. Likewise, all regional expenditures and bonds that burden the regions in the context of the implementation of decentralization are carried out in accordance with the amounts and targets set in the APBD. Because the APBD is the basis for regional financial management, the APBD also forms the basis for regional financial control, inspection and supervision activities Basically, the performance budget is a system for preparing and managing regional budgets which are oriented towards achieving results or performance. The performance must reflect the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, which means it must be oriented to the public interest. This has become the need of regional communities to carry out broad, real and responsible autonomy and regional autonomy must be understood as the right or authority of local communities to manage and manage their own affairs. The aspect or role of the regional government is no longer a mere tool of the interests of the central government but rather a tool to fight for regional aspirations and interests. The method used, the process of collecting data moves from the empirical field in an effort to build theory from the data, the purpose of this study is to find out, understand and analyze how the Reporting and Presentation of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat District, Karawang Barat District Karawang and analyze how the financial analysis of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat Village Karawang Barat District Karawang District. By paying attention to these objectives, the research method used is a Quantitative Description Adiarsa Barat Kelurahan shopping performance from T 2016 to T.A 2017 showed good performance. Based on the analysis of the results of the 2016/2017 T.A shopping growth shows there is a growth in spending. Expenditures which most affected the increase in growth in total expenditure were capital and operational expenditure ; APBD is a plan for the implementation of all Regional Revenues and all Regional Expenditures in the framework of the implementation of Decentralization within a given fiscal year. Collection of all Regional revenues aims to meet the targets set in the APBD. Likewise, all regional expenditures and bonds that burden the regions in the context of the implementation of decentralization are carried out in accordance with the amounts and targets set in the APBD. Because the APBD is the basis for regional financial management, the APBD also forms the basis for regional financial control, inspection and supervision activities Basically, the performance budget is a system for preparing and managing regional budgets which are oriented towards achieving results or performance. The performance must reflect the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, which means it must be oriented to the public interest. This has become the need of regional communities to carry out broad, real and responsible autonomy and regional autonomy must be understood as the right or authority of local communities to manage and manage their own affairs. The aspect or role of the regional government is no longer a mere tool of the interests of the central government but rather a tool to fight for regional aspirations and interests. The method used, the process of collecting data moves from the empirical field in an effort to build theory from the data, the purpose of this study is to find out, understand and analyze how the Reporting and Presentation of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat District, Karawang Barat District Karawang and analyze how the financial analysis of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat Village Karawang Barat District Karawang District. By paying attention to these objectives, the research method used is a Quantitative Description Adiarsa Barat Kelurahan shopping performance from T 2016 to T.A 2017 showed good performance. Based on the analysis of the results of the 2016/2017 T.A shopping growth shows there is a growth in spending. Expenditures which most affected the increase in growth in total expenditure were capital and operational expenditure

Smoking is one of the addictive substances that when used cause harm to the health of individuals. Indonesia is the third country with the largest number of smokers in the world after China and India. The increase in cigarette consumption has an impact on the higher burden of diseases caused by smoking and the increase in the death rate from smoking. One effort to reduce exposure to cigarette smoke, Medan City Government issued a Regional Regulation of Medan City Number 3 of 2014 concerning Non-Smoking Areas. The research problem is how the Analysis of the Effect of Communication,Attitudes and Environment on the Implementation of Non-Smoking Area Policy in Raksana High School Medan. This study aims to determine the implementation of the Non-Smoking Area Policy at the school. The purpose of this study is how to analyze the relationship of communication, attitudes and environment towards the implementation of the No Smoking Area policy in Raksana Medan High School in 2018. This type of research is a cross-sectional survey with an explanatory research method approach. The research data was obtained from the results of giving questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis using SPSS data analysis.The research used cross-sectional survey with an explanatory research method approach method. The data were gathered by conducting questionnaire, observation, and documentation and analyzed by using interactive data analysis by SPSS. The results showed a significant relationship between the influence of communication on the implementation of non-smokeless regional policies in SMA Raksana Medan with p value = 0.01,there was a significant relationship between the influence of attitudes towards the implementation of non-smokeless area policy in SMA Raksana Medan with p value = 0.02 and there is a significant relationship between the influence of the environment on the implementation of non-smoking area policy in SMA Raksana Medan with p value = 0.001. So that the Implementation of the No Smoking Area Policy in SMA Raksana Medan has not run optimally. The conclusion was that the implementation of the policy on KTR would not run well if there were some obstacles such as communication,attitude and environment. It is recommended that personnel and budget be added, socialization medium be provided through promotion video and health promotion regularly about KTR and strict sanction. Keywords : Communication, Attitude, Environment, Policy, No Smoking Area