Suchergebnisse

This article is a further contribution to the discourse of ethnic 'diffusion' in European countries. The debate started on the pages of the Baltic Region journal by three authors - Yu. N. Gladky, I. Yu. Gladky, and K. Yu. Eidemiller [4]. We assume that Europe has been a major centre of attraction for immigrants in recent decades and a site for the rapid emergence of ethnic communities. Unlike Muslim immigration, a product of the Arab Spring and often a measure of last resort, Chinese immigration is a result of a certain convergence between the ideologies of the host countries, committed to multiculturalism, and the country of origin pursuing a 'go global' policy. We chose the EU countries as a 'demonstration site' and the Chinese diaspora as the object of research. Our aim is to describe the process of migration from China and the formation of a Chinese diaspora in European countries. We analyse the timeline and the scope of Chinese immigration, qualitative changes in the composition of immigrants, factors affecting the choice of the country of entry, and the quantitative parameters and settlement patterns of today's Chinese diaspora in the region. We suggest grouping the EU Countries by the number and 'age' of their Chinese diasporas. We consider ethnic 'diffusion' as part of the 'European project' within Beijing's global strategy.

Through a comparative study of two films, The Joy Luck Club and Crazy Rich Asians, the article elaborates how Chinese diaspora films use Mahjong's cinematic symbolism and cultural significations to negotiate Chineseness in different ways. In particular, three differences between the two films are analysed. The first one is the different attitudes of the female protagonists towards Mahjong as well as the Chineseness embodied by it. The second concerns the disparate presences of Mahjong in films made by mainland China-based filmmakers and Chinese diasporic filmmakers due to Mahjong's differed historical trajectories and sociocultural implications. The last one is about the distinct goals the two film directors set when they employ Mahjong to (re)construct their identity and Chineseness on the part of the Chinese diaspora. This article concludes that Chineseness is not a monolithic and rigid category, but rather a chameleonic formation that is contextually and individually determined; moreover, in the age of globalization when coexistence and interdependence are valued more than mutual-resistance, the dynamic nature of Chineseness necessitates a more hybrid and critical identity framework: in-betweenness.

Abstract
The art of overseas Chinese with its obvious connections with homeland culture is characteristic of the diaspora ethos. Traditional themes regularly appear: landscapes usually executed in traditional monochrome brush and ink, rock gardens, Chinese characters and calligraphy, historical references, and cultural emblems. In addition, it seems as though such artists are impelled to introduce the world to the merits of their heritage. Living among foreigners and experiencing western culture, new digital media, Internet access, freedom of expression, educational opportunities and global markets has broadened their perspective and their art. For this reason, their work does not look traditional: it makes use of new media, venues and forms of presentation and addresses a global rather than national arena. Although a wave of the most successful diaspora artists returned to China, they maintain a base of operation in the West and their art retains the characteristics they acquired living abroad.

[F]or the first time in modern history, a rising China is shaping the relationship, transforming the diaspora's identity …

This article investigates the dynamics of the Chinese diaspora within the multiple layers of China-Malaysia relations by drawing on the five dimensions-'ethnoscapes', 'mediascapes', 'technoscapes', 'financescapes' and 'ideoscapes'-advanced by the anthropologist Arjun Appadurai in his model of global cultural flow. Certainly, the different labels associated with the ethnic Chinese in Malaysia reflect how their identities vary over time, space and situation. In this article, two case studies-transnational education and second homes-are examined, as they involve contemporary China's institutions as well as the Chinese diaspora, old and new. In both cases, it is clear that, while racial stereotypes still linger to some extent, economic factors are of increasing importance for all parties involved. This finding is substantiated when the diasporic relations are further considered from an historical perspective, in order to understand how China, Malaysia and the Chinese diaspora are presently positioned within the globalization era. (J Contemp China/GIGA)

Abstract
The contribution of overseas Chinese to their ancestral homeland in China is an important topic for research. This article uses the concept of diaspora philanthropy to analyze the patterns and mechanisms of philanthropic giving by overseas Chinese to their ancestral hometowns or villages, also known as qiaoxiang. Based on an ethnographic study in Shunde, Guangdong Province, this article argues that Chinese diaspora philanthropy is not just based on a tradition based on the donors' affinity, emotional ties, and personal relations to their hometowns, but is involved in the historical process organized and strategically orchestrated by multiple actors, including individuals, organizations, and the state. In this process, the associations of overseas Chinese and local governments in China, especial through the cooperation between local "qiao cadres" and leaders of oversea Chinese communities, play important roles in promoting philanthropy and bringing about desirable outcomes. The intersection of push and pull mechanisms in stimulating donor giving constitutes the basic dynamics of contemporary Chinese diaspora philanthropy. This is the reason why philanthropic giving from overseas Chinese continues to rise even as qiaoxiang have been already well developed.

Abstract
This article considers the pathbreaking developments that are quickly changing the field of Chinese diaspora studies. China's rise and its ongoing integration in the world and the concomitantly changing international position of Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan launched a wave of Chinese elite students studying abroad, of nouveau riche emigrating to the West, and of returning Chinese recent emigrants. This brought forth a new discourse on the Chineseness and the Sinophone world that reshaped the meaning of how an ancestral hometown and host countries connect, and of the imagery and meaning of being Chinese, including being Chinese Overseas. Ironically, the new discourse, however sophisticated, global, and multidisciplinary, is primarily produced by non-Chinese and expatriate Chinese scholars. The challenge here is that, for many decades, political and ideological considerations worldwide have motivated the scholarship on Chinese diaspora, by both Chinese and non-Chinese scholars. A holistic approach, which frames Chinese diaspora as an integral part of world history, may help to meet this challenge.