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The article deals with "Chinese path" ‒ modernization transformation of the Chinese Civilization. It is shown that "Chinese path" reflects the formation and development of a new configuration of Chinese civilization. From civilizational transformation to "the Chinese path" is the gradual historical development, was the failure "to improve the state of construction of the" victory "of the revolution state-building", the success of the "economic state-building", constructing a "civilizational state-building". Socialism with Chinese characteristics liberates and develops the productive forces, creating a socialist market economy, socialist democracy, advanced socialist culture, harmonious socialist society, eco-culture of socialism. ; В статье рассматриваются «китайский путь» ‒ модернизационная трансформация китайской цивилизации. Показано, что «китайский путь» отражает формирование и развитие новой конфигурации китайской цивилизации. От цивилизационной трансформации к «китайскому пути» проводится поэтапное историческое развитие, были неудачи «совершенствования государственного строительства», победы «революции государственного строительства», успехи «экономического государственного строительства», конструирование «цивилизационного государственного строительства». Социализм с китайской спецификой освобождает и развивает производительные силы, создает социалистическую рыночную экономику, социалистическую демократию, прогрессивную социалистическую культуру, гармоничное социалистическое общество, экокультуру социализма.

The article discusses the changes in the activities of Chinese banks during COVID-19. The author describes the measures taken by the government and banks to prevent and resist coronavirus, especially concessional lending programs for small and media enterprises, the subsidies for companies manufacturing medical products. The banks issued special bonds for raising funds for the fight against the virus and increased the usage of digital technologies for internal and external communications, established and activated remote service channels to reduce physical contacts. Enhancing digital technologies will stimulate banks` transformation into technology companies, providing also traditional financial services. The series of measures demonstrate its effectiveness for industries and medical sector as well as valuable contribution into China`s fight with COVID-19.

The past and present diversity of the Chinese-speaking world, as well as different history of Sinological studies, in particular, in Russia and in the West, caused the appearance of a complicated varying terminology used in modern Chinese linguistics. The term 国 语 guóyǔ "state language" ("national language") was officially introduced for Chinese at the beginning of the 20th century, but in the PRC it was replaced by a more "democratic" word 普通话 pǔtōnghuà "common language" ("common speech", "Standard Mandarin"). With the beginning of the period of "reform and opening up", the term guóyǔ was not restored in mainland China, however the word 国家 guójiā "state" is widely used in a close connection with pǔtōnghuà in official documents. Recently, the modern term "dialects" was officially added to almost all traditional words for ten Chinese dialect groups, i. e. "Sinitic languages" in many Western publications.

In the first half of the 20th century, a new genre developed in the Chinese visual arts, which is called the revolutionary historical painting. For more than 70 years, this trend in art has been supported by the state and has been in demand in the society. The early works of the revolutionary historical genre were mainly devoted to the opposition of the proletariat to imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism during the new democratic revolution in China with the CCP playing the leading role in this struggle. Currently, Chinese artists working in the genre of revolutionary historical painting create works aimed at fostering the patriotic spirit and glorifying the greatness of China. The subjects of such works include not only heroic episodes of the revolutionary past, but also important events of our time.

В данной статье рассматриваются культурные ценности в китайских традиционных праздниках. В результате исследования выявлены их ценностные основания, заложенные в социокультурной, семейно-бытовой обрядности, показаны особенности праздничной культуры Китая. Отмечено, что основополагающими ценностями являются: единство человека и природы, взаимоотношения между старшими и младшими, преданность государю-императору и любовь к Родине, стремление к гармоничной и счастливой жизни. Анализ показывает, что китайские традиционные праздники неразрывно связаны с формированием культурных ценностей.
This article discusses cultural values in Chinese traditional holidays. As a result of the study, their value foundations laid down in socio–cultural, family and household rituals are revealed, the features of the festive culture of China are shown. It is noted that the fundamental values are: the unity of man and nature, the relationship between elders and juniors, loyalty to the sovereign-emperor and love for the Motherland, the desire for a harmonious and happy life. The analysis shows that Chinese traditional holidays are inextricably linked with the formation of cultural values.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of influence of the human rights issue on the development of German-Chinese political relations at the present stage. The author analyses main issues of the Germany- China human rights dialogue, its legal basis, the positions and arguments of the sides. In the author's opinion, one of the main obstacles to the development of cooperation between Germany and China in this area is a different perception of the nature of human rights. The author concludes that both Germany and China in effect are willing to put aside the issue of "human rights violations" and criticism of non-compliance with fundamental civil and political rights of Chinese citizens for the sake of economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.

Роль фразеологических единиц в качестве «экспонентов культурных знаков» рассматривалась известными учёными в разных аспектах. Являясь носителями культурно-значимой информации, фразеологизмы выполняют особую роль в процессе концептуализации мира. Из-за своей особой и тесной связи с культурой устойчивые выражения достаточно трудно понять и перевести. Ввиду сложности и значимости изучения фразеологизмов должное внимание следует уделять культурной коннотации английских и китайских устойчивых выражений. Культурная коннотация - это категория, позволяющая соотнести две семиотические системы: язык и культуру. Каждый фразеологизм, если он содержит культурную коннотацию, вносит свой вклад в общую картину национальной культуры. В данной статье предпринята попытка анализа культурных феноменов, отражающихся в культурном сравнении и в различиях между китайским и английским языками. Вводя знания о культурных совпадениях, культурных различиях, статья анализирует идиомы с относительно новой культурной точки зрения. Анализ культурной коннотации фразеологизмов предполагает выяснение многих вопросов и прежде всего того, каким образом культура воплощается во фразеологических единицах. Статья также может послужить в качестве совершенствования знаний о культурных коннотациях английских и китайских фразеологизмов. Следовательно, обогащённая культурная осведомлённость помогла бы учащимся избавиться от вмешательства родного языка. В то же время их владение иностранным языком и межкультурная компетентность будут улучшены. На разных этапах работы применялись различные методы исследования: метод сплошной выборки при сборе материала; дефиниционный анализ при исследовании фразеологизмов; контекстный анализ, включающий в себя метод наблюдения и метод интерпретации текста при выявлении актуальных смыслов. На всех этапах работы использовались методы этимологического и синхронно-сопоставительного анализа. Практическая значимость исследования обусловлена тем, что полученные результаты могут быть использованы в обучении английского, китайского языков, при разработке учебных пособий, словарей справочников, использоваться в теории и практике перевода, в учебной лексикографии.
Well-known scientists in different aspects considered the role of phraseological units as «exhibitors of cultural signs». Being carriers of culturally significant information, phraseological units play a special role in the process of conceptualization of the world. Due to their special and close connection with culture, set expressions are quite difficult to understand and translate. In view of the complexity and significance of the study of phraseological units, due attention should be paid to the cultural connotations of English and Chinese set expressions. Cultural connotation is a category that allows us to correlate two semiotic systems: language and culture. Each phraseological unit, if it contains a cultural connotation, contributes to the overall picture of the national culture. This article attempts to analyze cultural phenomena reflected in cultural comparisons and differences between Chinese and English. By introducing knowledge about cultural coincidences, cultural differences, the article analyzes idioms from a relatively new cultural point of view. The analysis of the cultural connotation of phraseological units involves the clarification of many issues and, above all, how culture is embodied in phraseological units. The article can also serve as an improvement of knowledge about the cultural connotations of English and Chinese phraseological units. Therefore, an enriched cultural awareness would help students to get rid of the interference of their native language. At the same time, their foreign language skills and intercultural competence will be improved. At different stages of the work, various research methods were used: the method of continuous sampling - when collecting material; definitional analysis - in the study of phraseological units; contextual analysis, which includes the method of observation and the method of interpreting the text - in identifying relevant meanings. At all stages of the work, the methods of etymological and synchronic-comparative analysis were used. The practical significance of the study is because the results obtained can be used in teaching English, Chinese in the development of teaching aids, dictionaries, reference books, used in the theory and practice of translation, in educational lexicography.

The article describes the impact of the Chinese gold industry on the world gold market and the economic growth of China for the period 2000-2020. Despite a slowing economic trend, the Chinese mining industry continues to experience growth. China produces about half of the world's steel, imports more than 70% of the world's seaborne iron ore, and produces around 90% of the world's rare earth metals. The paper demonstrates the importance of the Chinese mining sector and describes the key concepts of the successful government and business strategies.

В статье предпринимается попытка построения структуры китайского лингвокультурного концепта «дракон / A long». Несмотря на то что китайский дракон является объектом многих исследований, опыт построения структуры данного концепта отсутствует. В работе применяется методика анализа концептуальной структуры М. В. Пименовой. В статье используются описательный метод, метод концептуального анализа, метод компонентного анализа, метод анализа словарных дефиниций. Наиболее полно национально-культурное своеобразие концепта раскрывается при обращении к языковым данным, поэтому материалом исследования стали фразеологические и лексические единицы китайского языка, репрезентирующие рассматриваемый концепт. В статье выявляются основные мотивирующие, образные, понятийные, архаичные понятийные, функциональные, ценностно-оценочные и символические признаки, составляющие структуру концепта «дракон / A long». Выясняется, что концепт «дракон / A long» обладает слоистой структурой, которая включает множество временных напластований значений. При этом ядро концепта остается, как правило, условно-неизменной константой. Особенностью рассматриваемого концепта является наличие у него символических признаков - важного показателя его значимости для лингвокультуры. Именно данная группа признаков наиболее ярко отражает национальную специфику рассматриваемого концепта, поскольку лишь в Китае он приобрел подобную значимость, став символом целой нации.
This article attempts to construct a structure of the Chinese linguocultural concept "dragon / A long". Despite the fact that Chinese dragon is an object of many research works there is no attempt to construct this concept structure. The study employs the methods of conceptual structure analysis by M. V. Pimenova. Other methods employed are the method of conceptual analysis, component analysis and analysis of vocabulary definitions. The appeal to language facts helps to the most complete disclosure of national and cultural singularity of the concept. Therefore, the material of study is phraseological and lexical units which represent the concept under consideration. The article identifies the main features forming the structure of the concept "dragon / A long". They are motivating, figurative, conceptual, archaic conceptual, value-estimate, and symbolic features. It turned out that the concept "dragon / A long" has a complex structure including many layers. However, the core of the concept remains the same. The specificity of the considered concept is that it has symbolic features. It is an important indicator of concept significance for the linguoculture. These features express national specificity of the concept achieving such importance only in China and becoming a symbol of the whole nation.

This article was written in early December 2013,combined with the historical development andthe latest data on the Chinese Petroleum carried SWOT- analysis. This paper discusses corporate resources, cost, management and external factorssuch as the political environment and the marketsupply and demand, conducted a comprehensiveand profound analysis. ; Эта статья была написана в начале декабря 2013 года, осуществляющаяся SWOT-анализ в сочетании с историческим развитием и последним данным на китайский нефтяной. В данной статье обсуждается корпоративные ресурсы, стоимость, управление и внешние факторы, такие как политической среды и рыночного спроса и предложения, провели всесторонний и глубокий анализ.

In the history of Chinese people staying on Russian territory there is still a lot of questions and areas for investigation and clarification. It is clear that the interaction between the Russians and the Chinese had a direct impact on the further development of Russian- Chinese relations. One of the unique event in the history of Russian-Chinese relations was the 6th Congress of the Communist Party of China, held in Moscow region in the Pervomayskoe village. It was the only Congress of the CPC held abroad and the Congress, where Marxism was adopted by the Chinese Communists, and later it was spread to China. In fact, the Congress was the starting point of the process of Marxism Sinification. The delegates of the 6th Congress included the Chinese immigrants who worked and studied in the USSR. They are directly influenced by the October Revolution which changed their way of thinking, these were people who perceived the ideas of Marxism-Leninism early, they organized the holding of this congress, where examined in detail the possible ways of the Chinese revolution. By adopting Marxism- Leninism and starting its propaganda, they have made a significant contribution to its spread in China in the form of Sinificated Marxism. The further destiny and life of overseas Chinese were different, but almost all of them were closely linked to the Chinese revolution and the transformation process in the Chinese society in the middle of the 20th century. The authors described in detail the composition of the participants and organizers of the Congress, analyzed the content of speeches and reports of the head of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the congress, considered the further destiny of the participants and delegates.

Zoometaphor plays a very important role in linguistics, especially in contrastive studies, and has long at-tracted the attention of both Russian and Chinese linguists, including A. N. Baranov, A. P. Chudinov, F. N. Guketlova, T. S. Vershinina, Zhao Yanfan, Xue Yahong, Guo Weihai and others who also show deep interest in the role of this kind of meta-phor in political discourse. Russian linguist A. P. Chudinov believes that each concrete metaphor reflects the worldview of one person thus contributing to the creation of a common metaphorical picture of the world of a certain society. Representa-tions of the animal world, characteristic of Russian and Chinese cultures are reflected in zoometaphors involved in political discourse in both languages. Chinese linguists Xue Yahong and Guo Weihai consider the conceptual metaphor "man is an animal" one of the most important means of cognition and representation of knowledge in language. By resorting to zoometaphors statesmen and politicians choose a more effective and efficient way of conveying their political views and thus exercise a stronger influence on the target audience. The article analyzes examples of metaphors with the "bear" component and metaphors with the "Long" component. ; В данной статье анализируются метафоры с компонентом "медведь" и метафоры с компонентом "лун", занимающими важное место в языковой картине мира русских и китайцев.

Danmu subculture is a unique phenomenon of Chinese youth subculture in the Internet space. Its main group of people are young people who grew up with the Internet in China and are the only children in their parents' families: they do not lack parental love and do not feel any material difficulties, but they are characterised by spiritual loneliness, from which the Internet space has become their escape. This paper argues that the uniqueness of the young generation, globalisation and routinisation of the Internet are the social contexts in which the Chinese Danmu subculture emerged and developed, and its unique language form is an expression of rebellion against the culture of the parents' generation and the dominant culture, a kind of 'symbolic resistance', and manifests the cultural identity of this interesting group, the circle of Danmu subculture created by young people separates it from the dominant culture and other subcultures. It has an obvious «participatory» character, which is the secondary creation of original videos and the carnivalesque participation of youth groups in online videos. In addition, as the Danmu subculture moves beyond its unique cultural circle, a reversal for the dominant culture gradually emerges. The author presents the idea that a complex relationship is formed between the Danmu subculture and the dominant culture, which includes both rebellion and compartmentalisation as well as beneficial reversal and active neighbourhood. It is thought that over time, the Danmu subculture may become a mass culture and a tool for youth groups to identify with the dominant culture.

American administration and Japanese government officially do not consider PRC as the main enemy but in practice almost all international experts see the powerful Chinese state growing into a serious competitor for the influence in the East Asian region. Among specialists the opinion is that the all-important factor for the USA and Japan is the necessity of having a clear conception of interrelations with China for the next 15-20 years. The regionalization in East Asia actuated its participants towards the search of counterpoises and attempts to create a certain balance with the help of harmonization of international relations.The Chinese formula of East Asian integration contains a considerable number of convincing arguments in favour of the importance to strengthen the regional component. Japan, for example, is not ready to surrender at discretion of China and attempts to oppose the public opinion of almost all East Asian countries which feel acute anxiety over unpredictable consequences of the growing Chinese domination in the East Asian region. East Asian states keep a vigilant watch out for the dynamic of PRC' growing military potential, especially in its new quantitative and qualitative variants.According to international experts' estimates,China by virtue of its obviously growing economic, demographic, military,and political potentials is becoming one of the powerful players on the Asian stage and in the long run will be able to effectively dominate all significant Asian affairs. ; Американская администрация и японское правительство официально не рассматривают КНР в качестве главного противника, однако практически все международные эксперты полагают, что могучее китайское государство последовательно вырастает в серьезного конкурента за влияние в Восточноазиатском регионе. Среди специалистов считается, что для США и Японии исключительно важным фактором является необходимость иметь исключительно ясную концепцию взаимоотношений с Китаем на ближайшие 15–20 лет. Регионализация в Восточной Азии привела ее участников к поискам противовесов и попыткам создания некоего равновесия с помощью гармонизации международных отношений.Китайская сложившаяся формула восточноазиатской интеграции содержит весьма значительное количество вполне убедительных аргументов в пользу важности заметного усиления региональной составляющей. Та же Япония, например, не хочет сдаваться на милость Китая и пытается противопоставить общественное мнение практически всех стран Восточной Азии, ощущающих серьезную тревогу в отношении непредсказуемых последствий усиливающегося китайского доминирования в Восточноазиатском регионе. Восточноазиатские государства внимательно следят за динамикой роста военной мощи КНР, особенно в ее новом количественном и качественном выражении.По оценкам международных экспертов, Китай в силу своего заметно растущего экономического, демографического, военного и политического потенциала становится одним из самых влиятельных игроков на азиатской сцене, а в перспективе способен реально доминировать во всех знаковых азиатских делах.