Search results

This article examines the evolution of the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and authority in the Russian state in the early modern period via comparative qualitative research methods. As a result, the hierarchs of the Russian church had the moral right to appeal directly to the monarch and, pointing out to him that his actions did not correspond to church canons and dogmas. The authors conclude that it would be premature and unfounded to speak of the Church as internal to and dependent on the political system of the young Russian state in the early modern period

This study serves as prolegomena to reflection on the legal framework of church universities in Poland. This article is the second of two parts of research on this issue. This installment specifically examines universities administered by the Catholic Church. The specifics of church universities within the Polish higher education system were outlined in Part 1, "Church Universities in the Higher Education System in Poland. Part 1: Universities Run by non-Catholic Churches and Religious Associations." Part 2 explores the legal and extralegal sources governing the operation of Catholic church universities in Poland. Additionally, it proposes a systematic categorization of these higher education institutions, providing descriptions and highlighting differences in their legal statuses. The "Summary" at the end of this text encompasses both the analyses presented in Part 1 and Part 2.