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This article outlines a generic process in the reproduction of inequality the authors name obscuring oppression. On the basis of 35 in-depth interviews with college students seeking to make sense of two contemporary social movements, Black Lives Matter and Transgender Bathroom Access, the authors demonstrate three ways people obscure (i.e., avoid, ignore, hide, or explain away claims of) oppression in response to minority protest: trusting the public (i.e., suggesting that an educated public would not allow inequalities to persist), appealing to order (i.e., arguing that if protesters followed the rules, society would be more welcoming to change), and dismissing oppression (i.e., framing movement claims as false or exaggerated). In conclusion, the authors argue that examining processes of obscuring oppression may provide insight into (1) the persistence of inequality in society, (2) linkages between color-blind racism and systemic patterns of sexism and cissexism in society, and (3) potential reactions to other social movements seeking justice for marginalized groups.

AbstractIn this article, I examine the existing research on transgender sex workers and explore how cissexism and sexism overlap and shape this work. Overall, researchers assume that all trans sex workers are women, and all male sex workers are assumed to be cisgender. Transmasculine and other gender non‐conforming sex workers are absent from studies of sex work. Researchers in public health and criminology dominate the literature and this research is limited because it focuses only on trans women and because it focuses primarily on disease and trauma, and almost exclusively on HIV. The literature I examined treats transgender women as a public health "problem" to be solved, rather than addressing their experiences and needs as workers and as people in our society. I argue that in order to have useful applied and policy implications aimed at harm reduction, researchers must use a sociological lens to document what structural conditions push and pull people of various genders into sex markets in the first place. Finally, I advocate for the use of queer, intersectional, and transnational frameworks in future lines of inquiries as a way to push the sociological and public health literature on sex work forward in a way that will benefit all sex workers, their advocates, and service providers.

In this essay I argue that Luce Irigaray's description of sexual difference as "difference itself" is based on a pervasive cissexism that necessitates critical attention. I begin by outlining how placing sexual difference in the temporality of the future anterior saves Irigaray from the charges of essentialism and heterosexism. Next, I examine the moments in her texts that scholars claim provide resources for an Irigarayan discussion of the experiences of transgender, intersex, and gender-nonconforming people. I integrate these moments with the temporality of the future anterior to outline a plausible Irigarayan defense against the charge of cissexism. Finally, I argue that this defense cannot be reconciled with her claim that ontology is sexed. The only thing making Irigaray's notion of sexual difference coherent or giving it substance is the impassable limit she places between the sexes. I argue that this is a form of violence akin to the disavowal of the maternal feminine that inaugurates phallocentrism.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter One: The Gender Galaxy: Life Beyond the Binary -- Chapter Two: Bodies Beyond the Binary -- Chapter Three: Who We Are and Whom We Date: Transness, Orientation, and Relationships -- Chapter Four: Gender Hurts: Transphobia, Cissexism, and Trans Resistance -- Chapter Five: Finding Life in the Gender Galaxy: Trans Friendship and Community -- Glossary -- For More Information -- For Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author -- Back Cover

Introduction: "i don't have one way to be" -- Masculinities in space : thugs, rednecks, and faggy men -- One is not born a man : social recognition and situated gendered knowledges -- "Strong when i need to be, soft when i need to be" : situated emotional control and masculinities -- Geography of violence : spatial fears and the reproduction of inequality -- Institutional contexts of violence : heterosexism and cissexism in everyday spaces -- Conclusion: contemporary masculinities and transgender politics -- Acknowledgments -- Appendix A: Interviewee demographics -- Appendix B: A note on methodology -- Notes

Trans feminine individuals are at a higher risk of sexual victimization than any other subset of the U.S. population. This New York City (NYC)-based study employed an intersectional framework with a phenomenological interview format to explore the experiences of trans feminine adult study participants with sexual victimization. A total of 10 in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of trans feminine individuals were conducted. Analysis revealed themes specific to (1) the diversity of experiences within sexual victimization, (2) transmisogynistic sexual victimization, (3) internalized transmisogyny and cissexism, and (4) the health consequences of sexual victimization. Recommendations for policy and programmatic enhancements, future research directions, and implications for social workers are provided.

This paper explores women's and feminists' struggles against feminicide in Mexico. The author analyzes the dominant notions of gender and violence at the core of the Mexican case. First, the article adopts a historical approach, highlighting some critical moments of women's struggles to criminalize feminicide. In this section, the author briefly reconstructs the genealogy of the concept in the Americas, presenting the legal definition of feminicide and violence against women in the existing legal framework in Mexico. Second, the approach addresses the challenges and problems that trans feminicide poses to the current legal framework. This part discusses the violence emanating from a binary notion of gender-based violence and the binary conception of cis and heterosexual gender identity in the law. Here follows an introduction of two central concepts for the analysis of gender: cissexism and heteronormativity. Finally, the article addresses the structural dilemma of the criminalization of feminicide and the juridical strategy of framing women's rights against gender-based violence as special rights.

AbstractThis article explores the contents and differential traits of (a) trans* epistemology, as a way to contribute to a dialogue fundamental both from a scholarly perspective and from the point of view of trans* advocacy. The first section offers a brief introduction to trans* studies, highlighting some key aspects in relation to an epistemology rooted in philosophical reflection. The second section presents some of the main critiques trans* scholars have advanced in relation to the processes of knowledge production and its products. The section then moves on to some of the field's main constructive proposals in this respect. The third section builds on the concept of "cis" and "cissexism" to offer considerations on the nuanced relationship between critique and positive contributions, and on the resistance on the part of cis people to being named as such. Finally, the work offers some closing remarks in relation to the specificity and challenges of (a) trans* epistemology.

This article explores a gendered dimension of war and conflict analysis that has up until now received little attention at the intersection of gender studies and studies of global politics: queer bodies in, and genderqueer significations of, war and conflict. In doing so, the article introduces the concept of cisprivilege to International Relations as a discipline and security studies as a core sub-field. Cisprivilege is an important, but under-explored, element of the constitution of gender and conflict. Whether it be in controversial reactions to the suggestion of United Nations Special Rapporteur Martin Scheinin that airport screenings for terrorists not discriminate against transgendered people, or in structural violence that is ever-present in the daily lives of many individuals seeking to navigate the heterosexist and cissexist power structures of social and political life, war and conflict is embodied and reifies cissexism. This article makes two inter-related arguments: first, that both the invisibility of genderqueer bodies in historical accounts of warfare and the visibility of genderqueer bodies in contemporary security strategy are forms of discursive violence; and second, that these violences have specific performative functions that can and should be interrogated. After constructing these core arguments, the article explores some of the potential benefits of an interdisciplinary research agenda that moves towards the theorisation of cisprivilege in security theory and practice.

Intro -- Copyright information -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Introduction -- How to Read this Volume -- Section One: Raced Reflections on Trauma Theology -- 1. Why Black Lives Still Don't Matter -- 2. The Trauma of Hybridity -- 3. Spirit for the Oppressed?: Pentecostalism, the Spirit and Black Trauma -- 4. Weeping Wounds: Queer Blacksculinity, Trauma and Grief -- 5. The Madonnas Weep: Weeping, Collective Trauma and Emancipatory Transformations -- Section Two: Gender and Sexuality in Dialogue with Trauma Theology -- 6. Epistemic Injustice Exacerbating Trauma in Christian Theological Treatments of Trans People and People with Intersex Characteristics -- 7. 'We Shall Not Be Eaten by Any Lions': Healing Ugandan Queer Trauma through Creative Contextual Bible Study -- 8. Un(en)titled? Cissexism, Masculinity and Sexual Violence: Towards a Transfeminist Theological Hermeneutic Beyond Repair -- 9. Transgressive Bodies: A Constructive Proposal for a Trans*-Centred Trauma Theology -- Section Three: Trauma Theology and the Whole Body -- 10. Autism: An Autoethnography of a Peculiar Trauma -- 11. The Traumatization of Reproductive Loss in Christian Pro-life Discourse and Rituals -- 12. A Twelve-Step Guide to Resurrection -- 13. Attending to the Fragments: The Implications of Trauma Theologies for the Practice of Christian Spiritual Direction -- Section Four: Poverty and Privilege in Conversation with Trauma Theology -- 14. The Grenfell 72: Austerity, Trauma and Liberation Theology -- 15. Colonization, Trauma and Prayers: Towards a Collective Healing -- 16. 'A Stone You Need to Polish': Affect, Inequality and Responding to Testimonies Under Austerity -- There is no 'After' with Trauma.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) as experienced by minority populations is poorly understood. Within the Western world, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, and Queer or Questioning LGBTIQ population is one such group which suffers from misrepresentations and misunderstandings. In Western nations, IPV is primarily constructed as perpetrated by men and experienced by women. However, for the LGBTIQ population, this dichotomous view of IPV is inaccurate and invalidating. A systematic review was conducted to investigate the level of LGBTIQ inclusivity within IPV discourses in the Western world as discussed in peer-reviewed literature. In particular, the review sought to understand how media, advocacy, policy, and legislation shape LGBTIQ IPV experiences and resulting discourses. The literature search was conducted between June 2018 and January 2019. The search included five electronic databases in psychology, health, and social sciences. Of the 206 articles identified by the search, 21 were reviewed. The review analyzed literature using a thematic approach. Eight key themes emerged, indicating media, legislation, policy, and advocacy are not entirely inclusive concerning LGBTIQ IPV. The review found that pervasive attitudes like heterosexism, cissexism, homophobia, transphobia, and biphobia reinforce institutional barriers and limited LGBTIQ IPV reporting. In addition, the review found low service and provider competency levels, and more broadly, the research was limited. It is likely that heteronormative frameworks and discourses mean many aspects of LGBTIQ IPV are still under-researched. Without a more robust inclusion of diversity in discourses on IPV, services and supports for LGBTIQ people will continue to be limited and based on heteronormative frameworks of victimhood.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the workplace experiences and access to career-enhancing opportunities of transgender employees and to apprise organization leaders of opportunities to create an all-inclusive workplace environment.


Design/methodology/approach
This phenomenological study used semi-structured interviews with transgender and gender non-conforming individuals in the US. Study participants (n = 12) varied slightly in racial and ethnic identities, the highest level of formal education completed and the industry sector they were employed at the time of interviews.


Findings
The data reveals a lingering presence of dominant narrative (cissexism) in US organizations and its adverse impact on workplace experience and access to career-enhancing opportunities of transgender and gender non-conforming individuals. The participants' narratives reveal recommendations for effective organizational practices for a transgender-inclusive workplace.


Research limitations/implications
The challenge of recruiting qualified participants from the marginalized group along with the selection criteria of English proficiency and legally adult age resulted in a relatively limited sample (n = 12) nevertheless adequate for the study.


Practical implications
Results of this study point at the urgent need to increase visibility and acceptance of the represented population and expand workplace diversity policies to create inclusive, just and equitable organizations for all individuals that will translate into job satisfaction and improved productivity.


Social implications
This study contributes to developing a culture of inclusion and prevention of discrimination in the workplace thus ensuring respect, safety and agency for gender minority employees.


Originality/value
This study contributes to a better understanding of workplace experiences, access to career-enhancing opportunities of transgender and gender non-conforming individuals and best practices for a transgender-inclusive workplace.