In La cittadinanza digitale: La crisi dell'idea occidentale di democrazia e la partecipazione nelle reti digitali, Massimo Di Felice describes two fundamental transformations that characterize our time: the advent of digital networks and the environmental crisis. This conjunction would lead the traditional forms of politics – eminently human – to an aporia, since now, in a context of widespread connectivity, elements of other natures – nonhuman – would also act. His proposal for the crisis: to bring all together in a new and diverse common, the digital citizenship. In this regard, he recommends an epistemological review and the formulation of a new lexicon, problematizing concepts such as society, individual and politics. ; Na obra La cittadinanza digitale: La crisi dell'idea occidentale di democrazia e la partecipazione nelle reti digitali, Massimo Di Felice descreve duas transformações fundamentais que caracterizariam nossa época: o advento das redes digitais e a crise ambiental. Essa conjunção levaria as formas tradicionais do fazer político – eminentemente humanas – a uma certa aporia, já que agora, em um contexto de conectividade generalizada, elementos de outras naturezas – não humanas – passariam também a agir. Sua proposta à crise: reunir todos em um novo e diverso comum, a cidadania digital. Defende, para isso, uma revisão epistemológica e a formulação de um novo léxico, problematizando conceitos como sociedade, indivíduo e mesmo política.
Este artigo discute algumas relações entre indisciplina, incivilidade e cidadania na escola. Inicialmente abordamos algumas questões sobre disciplina e educação, e exploramos a noção de indisciplina como um modo de ruptura nas relações pedagógicas. A seguir discutimos a noção de incivilidade, recorrendo ao pensamento do sociólogo francês Bernard Charlot. Buscamos traçar uma relação entre incivilidade e indisciplina na escola. Também abordamos o conceito de cidadania, explorando alguns dos seus significados no cenário educacional. Ao final, analisamos a possibilidade das incivilidades estarem a comunicar algo ao projeto educacional, civilizatório das escolas, e recorremos à noção de reconhecimento, a qual nos parece promissora para avançar as noções de cidadania, respeito, civilidade, educação e disciplina nas escolas.
Since the 1980s of the 20th century the relationship between media literacy and citizenship has been included in political and academic discourses. In a simplistic way, bureaucrats and researchers have long recognized that with basic media literacy skills and competencies, individuals will change their citizenship practices: they will be better citizens. This paper summarizes some results of research developed between 2009 and 2013 in cies-iul, and show that the relationship between media literacy competencies and citizenship practices was insipid - or even non-existent.
Esta resenha apresenta as ideias de José Murilo de Carvalho sobre o processo de consolidação da cidadania brasileira. Para tanto o autor apresenta em perspectiva histórica, o desenvolvimento da participação popular em vários momentos de mudança política, econômica e social.
A coesão teórica entre cidadania e pertencimento é trabalhada na premissa de que para um indivíduo ser considerado e se sentir de fato cidadão ele deve, primeiramente, sentir-se pertencente socialmente ao seu meio e nele estabelecer relacionamentos. A expressão de ideias é fator que legitima a cidadania. Portanto, ser cidadão pressupõe poder relacionar-se, pressupõe ter voz, poder manifestar opiniões, dialogar, poder comunicar-se.
The main purpose of the article is to analyze the ways of obtaining several citizenships as a result of investing or acquiring real estate or assets of national enterprises. The paper gives a classification of countries that provide such opportunity depending on the procedure for obtaining citizenship: whether it occurs immediately after making an investment or obtaining a residence permit and the possibility of the subsequent entry into citizenship after a certain period of time. In the article, these two groups of countries are considered by examples of Dominica, Malta, Cyprus, the United States and Bulgaria. The author emphasizes that the possibility of obtaining several nationalities should be regulated by the national legislation of each country separately. Therefore, the article also gives the position of the Ukrainian legislator on this issue. The paper identifies the main features of citizenship as a legal category, examines its content, as well as defines the main obligations assumed by each other individual and state as a result of the existence of such a legal relationship as citizenship between them. It is also proposed to consider the advantages and disadvantages both for a person seeking two or more citizenships, and for the state of its primary citizenship and the state which grants her second citizenship. The author makes the conclusion that multiple citizenship is an advantage for an individual as a result of expanding his capabilities in different spheres of activity, but the state of primary citizenship suffers only losses in the form of emigration of talented people and the leakage of capital beyond the state.
У цій статті проаналізоване українське законодавство про громадянство 1918, 1991 та 2001 років на предмет правового регламентування відносин людини, суспільства і держави, збереження єдності комплексу «людина-суспільство-держава» в його перманентному розвитку і цивілізаційних трансформаціях, як найкомфортнішого та найбажанішого для кожної людини. Особлива увага звертається на основні елементи законодавчого регламентування громадянства, визначення сутності та правової природи цього конституційно-правового інституту ; In this paper we'd compare Ukrainian nationality laws of 1918, 1991 and 2001 and demonstrate trajectory of Ukrainian citizenship legislation. As we know modern correct application of citizenship issues is a very important tension in frames of such triangle: person – society – state. We should note that till now there are a lot of discussions on this issue in order to determine possible strong ideological baggage, package of rights and duties and full membership in a state (features of citizenship) from everyday and personal complexity of social interaction.Obviously, citizenship is a personal question of constitutional matters, therefore we emphasize that it is not only a philosophic or sociological issue, but also a legal one, mainly because of its primary essence which is purely related to legal (constitutional) matters. Therefore, we are sure that a research of citizenship concept' sources, deep analysis of its evolution and interconnection with state development deserves an additional attempt to study being one of the main modern European humanitarian standards and playing a prior role in personal self-consciousness and self-determination. That is why, the main citizenship markers we analyze in this paper are the followings: citizenship concept in the view of Nottebohm case 1955, principles of person's acquisition of citizenship by birth (jus sanguinis and jus soli), dual (multiple) citizenship, modes of its acquisition (naturalization, by marriage, by option or transfer, by investment) and its loss
У цій статті проаналізоване українське законодавство про громадянство 1918, 1991 та 2001 років на предмет правового регламентування відносин людини, суспільства і держави, збереження єдності комплексу «людина-суспільство-держава» в його перманентному розвитку і цивілізаційних трансформаціях, як найкомфортнішого та найбажанішого для кожної людини. Особлива увага звертається на основні елементи законодавчого регламентування громадянства, визначення сутності та правової природи цього конституційно-правового інституту ; In this paper we'd compare Ukrainian nationality laws of 1918, 1991 and 2001 and demonstrate trajectory of Ukrainian citizenship legislation. As we know modern correct application of citizenship issues is a very important tension in frames of such triangle: person – society – state. We should note that till now there are a lot of discussions on this issue in order to determine possible strong ideological baggage, package of rights and duties and full membership in a state (features of citizenship) from everyday and personal complexity of social interaction.Obviously, citizenship is a personal question of constitutional matters, therefore we emphasize that it is not only a philosophic or sociological issue, but also a legal one, mainly because of its primary essence which is purely related to legal (constitutional) matters. Therefore, we are sure that a research of citizenship concept' sources, deep analysis of its evolution and interconnection with state development deserves an additional attempt to study being one of the main modern European humanitarian standards and playing a prior role in personal self-consciousness and self-determination. That is why, the main citizenship markers we analyze in this paper are the followings: citizenship concept in the view of Nottebohm case 1955, principles of person's acquisition of citizenship by birth (jus sanguinis and jus soli), dual (multiple) citizenship, modes of its acquisition (naturalization, by marriage, by option or transfer, by investment) and its loss
Problem setting. Although modern humanity has proclaimed the universality of human dignity and desperately upholds this value, which is fully in harmony with freedom, equality andfraternity, the truth is that in reality it has not yet been able to go beyond the status of a citizen of the nation state in its legal and political conventions. . In this sense, a very important issue is the representation of the real situation around the categories of «universal citizenship», «human rights» and «globalization» in the midst of the geopolitical conflict in Latin America caused by the persecution of 21st century socialism. Paper objective. This critical essay aims to discuss the real significance of such political and legal categories as «universal citizenship», «human rights» and «globalization» in the midst of the geopolitical conflict that led to the persecution of 21st century socialism in Latin America. Methodology. The methodologicalfield of the research uses documentary observation and dialectical hermeneutics, which help to compare and reconcile categories with different semantic contexts to reconstruct their true meaning. The technique of writing this research was the methodological procedure of the hermeneutic circle, which is a sequential analysis of numerous written documentary sources, combined in a kind of dialogic context with hidden messages that can be read between the lines, as well as interpretive theories and critical thinking. Paper main body. There is much in common between the contemporary political and philosophical programs of the Western cultural space, ofwhich Latin Americans are a part, and the ideas of universal citizenship, globalization, and human rights in a spirit of deep militant universalism that function fully today not only as abstract theories at the disposal of peoples and nations who continue to work to improve their living conditions and strengthen their freedom to exist and act in a better world. As for the tradition of human rights as a modern expression of natural law, it ...
The article is devoted to the problem of legislative regulation of dual citizenship in Ukraine, as well as the analysis of foreign experience of bipatrism. The article argues that the issue of dual citizenship is extremely relevant for Ukraine today, as the number of people receiving foreign citizenship is increasing every day. The experience of foreign countries in the settlement of dual citizenship is analyzed. There is a variety of approaches in the scientific community to the assessment of dual citizenship:opponents say the threat to national security, as most of the population of some regions of Ukraine may become foreign nationals, while supporters see the positive impact of this institution that it will unite Ukrainians, who under certain circumstances live outside the territory of Ukraine, will promote Ukraine's European integration, improve the legal and social protection of Ukrainian citizens abroad. It was found out that in Ukraine the principle of a single citizenship is conditioned by the unitary character of our state and consists in the fact that the possibility of the existence of citizenship of administrative-territorial units is excluded. The reasons for the introduction of dual citizenship have been identified, including the simplification of the procedure for traveling abroad, expanding the range of opportunities in education, employment and doing business in foreign countries. In the context of the prospects of dual citizenship in Ukraine, it is proposed to provide for legal liability for violation of the Law of Ukraine "On Citizenship of Ukraine" in terms of dual citizenship exclusively to officials and officials of strategic importance to Ukraine. It is noted that despite the fact that there are a large number of preconditions for the official consolidation of dual citizenship in Ukraine, it should not be rushed due to political instability within the country and in its relations with some countries. ; Статтю присвячено проблемі законодавчого врегулювання подвійного громадянства в Україні, а також аналізу зарубіжного досвіду біпатризму. У статті доводиться, що питання подвійного громадянства є сьогодні надзвичайно актуальним для України, оскільки з кожним днем збільшується кількість осіб, які отримують громадянство іноземних держав. Проаналізовано досвід зарубіжних країн у частині врегулювання подвійного громадянства. Виявлено різнобічність підходів у науковому колі до оцінки подвійного громадянства: противники говорять про загрозу національній безпеці держави, оскільки велика частина населення окремих регіонів України може стати громадянами іноземних держав, натомість прихильники, навпаки, вбачають позитивний вплив цього інституту тим, що він дасть змогу об'єднати українців, які за певних обставин проживають за межами території України, сприятиме євроінтеграції України, поліпшить правовий і соціальний захист громадян України за кордоном. З'ясовано, що в Україні принцип єдиного громадянства зумовлений унітарним характером нашої держави і полягає в тому, що виключається можливість існування громадянства адміністративно-територіальних одиниць. Встановлено причини запровадження подвійного громадянства, серед яких: спрощення порядку виїзду за кордон, розширення кола можливостей у навчанні, працевлаштуванні та веденні бізнесу в зарубіжних країнах. У контексті перспектив існування подвійного громадянства в Україні запропоновано передбачити юридичну відповідальність за порушення вимог Закону України «Про громадянство України» в частині подвійного громадянства виключно до службових і посадових осіб, які мають стратегічне значення для України. Зазначено, що попри те, що існує велика кількість передумов для закріплення на офіційному рівні подвійного громадянства в Україні, не варто поспішати з цим через політичну нестабільність усередині країни та в її відносинах з деякими державами.
Habermas discusses the chances for the establishment of world citizenship in contemporary society, marked by multiculturalism and the process of globalization. Habermas identifies the historical configuration of the post-national constellation, and from there themed the transition from international law to the law of citizens of the world, which aligns the concept of citizenship to the idea of human rights. Habermas analyzes the Kantian idea of a cosmopolitan state in which citizens are legal subjects of their respective States and members of a cosmopolitan entity. Kant elaborates on the concept of world republic, which Habermas disagrees with, but offers the example of the European Union for a discussion on the realization of a just and peaceful international order. Based on the Kantian orientation of constituting an order of world citizenship, Habermas discusses the conformation and viability of this idea in contemporary times. For Habermas, it is possible to spell out the idea of cosmopolitan citizenship. From the European Union, cooperation between States and citizens shows that a cosmopolitan community is needed to complement an international community of States.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The article presents a historical analysis of the participation of women in Portuguese politics and reveals the positive effects of the introduction of the parity law in 2006. In the 2015 national elections, for the first time one third of the elected the Members of the Portuguese Parliament were women. However, in municipalities there is still a long way to go to reach this level of female political representation. Does the political system limit women's access only to elected positions? Thus, important questions remain: why are women still a minority in local politics? What obstacles do they encounter? And what can be done to improve the situation? Materials and Methods: For this investigation, data were collected on the electronic pages of municipalities and political parties, as well as in the press, to monitor the evolution of the presence of women in Portuguese local government, initially as members of the administrative commissions appointed to manage municipal councils from 1974 to the first elections that took place on December 12, 1976 and then as elected representatives from 1976 to the latest 2017 local elections, comparing this level with central government. Results: The study of this group reveals higher educational levels and more specialized jobs among women than among men, particularly in teaching and management. There is also discussion of partisan membership and it is revealed that left-wing parties invest more in women for local government than do right-wing parties. Discussion: Although four decades have passed since the democratic regime was established, the representation of women in politics is still incipient. We present some examples of policy actions that can encourage the presence of women in local government and increase their role as active citizens.
