Suchergebnisse

Ураховуючи досвід розвитку демократії в нашій країні, автор розмірковує про причини її недосконалості. Наголошується, що якість демократичних основ залежить не стільки від зовнішніх факторів, скільки від особистісних демократичних переконань громадян, що досить проблематично в індивідуалізованому соціумі. Вихід з кризового стану вбачається у створенні системи громадянської освіти. Безпосередньо її формуванням і розвитком мають займатися громадсько-активні школи. ; Taking into account the experience of democracy development in our country the author dwells upon the causes of its drawbacks. It is underlined that the quality of democratic bases depends mainly not upon the outer factors, but upon the personal democratic persuasions of citizens, that is rather problematic in individualized society. To overcome the crisis we need to create a system of civil education. Publicly-active schools must be engaged in its forming and development directly.

This article explores the problem of whether the enforcement of judgments belongs to civil process stage, its importance as an integral part of the process. The legislator distinguishes this stage of the process among others, which implies that enforcement proceedings are a relatively independent institution. This article calls into question such autonomy because we consider that pointless to single out a stage whose implementation is impossible without those that precede it. All stages of civil process is considered as a single system, parts of whom closely related to each other and there is no need to isolate them. In our opinion, all elements of that system – civil process stage – should be treated as one thing that exist for achieving a common goal. Judicial protection is the highest guarantee of the rights and freedoms of citizens and legal entities. It is carried out with the help of justice as a form of exercise of the judiciary, aimed at the protection and protection of civil rights and interests through the consideration and resolution of civil cases. According to the Constitution of Ukraine (hereinafter - the Constitution) everyone has the right to go to court to protect their violated rights. It can be argued that the right of such an appeal, as well as the direct examination of the case and adjudication, is a right guaranteed by the Constitution, but not fully implemented. The actual exercise of such a right occurs at the stage of execution of court decisions, and therefore the main purpose of justice is carried out. Since judicial proceedings by themselves are not characterized by the final restoration of the infringed right, it can be said that the civil right is not renewed during civil proceedings. Therefore, there is a need to distinguish enforcement proceedings not as an independent institution, but as an integral part of the civil process, the stage at which such a process ends. And despite the fact that each stage has its own functional purpose, they are all designed to protect the rights and ...

Стаття присвячена дослідженню процедур концентрації доказового матеріалу у цивільній справі в контексті оптимізації цивільного судочинства.Обгрунтовується, що цивільні процесуальні законодавства багатьох європейських держав сприйняли наукові концепти зосередження необхідного доказового матеріалу, модифікуючи, таким чином, ідеї німецьких та австрійських учених-процесуалістів XIX століття. Доводиться, що проблема концентрації доказів не може бути вирішена без пошуку належних форм взаємодії основоположних принципів цивільного процесу – змагальності та диспозитивності, з одного боку, та положень про керівництво судовим процесом і активні повноваження суду.Автор аргументує, що для формування ефективного цивільної процесуальної форми концентрації доказів важливе значення має час і строки подання доказів. Дослідник виходить з того, що збільшення числа цивільних процесуальних обов'язків, і, насамперед, у сфері доказового права, має стати одним з напрямків оптимізації цивільного судочинства. Логічну завершеність механізму концентрації доказів надає встановлення цивільної процесуальної відповідальності (санкцій) за порушення передбаченого законом порядку здійснення процесуальних дій та невиконання процесуальних обов'язків.Ключові слова: концентрація доказового матеріалу,судові докази, процесуальні обовязки, цивільна процесуальна відповідальність, оптимізація цивільного судочинства, принципи цивільного процесу ; The article is the study of procedures for concentrating evidence in a civil case in the context of optimizing civil procedure.It is substantiated that the civil procedural legislation of many European states has adopted scholarly concepts of concentrating the necessary evidence, thereby modifying the ideas of German and Austrian scholars doing researches on civil procedurein the 19th century. It is argued that the problem of concentrating evidence cannot be solved without the search for appropriate forms of interaction of the fundamental principles of the civil procedure, adversariality and optionality, and of the provisions on the court's administering the trial and its active authority.The author argues that the time of and the periods for the presentation of evidence play an important part in the formation of an effective civil procedural form of concentrating evidence. The researcher bases himself on the fact that an increasing number of civil procedural obligations, primarily in the field of law of evidence, should be one of the directions for optimizing civil procedure. Establishing civil procedural liability (sanctions) for violation of the procedure for carrying out procedural actions and for failure to fulfill procedural obligations stipulated by law makes for logical coherence of the mechanism of concentrating evidence.Keywords: concentrating of evidence, judicial evidence, procedural obligations, civil procedural liability, optimization of civil procedure, principles of civil procedure

In the article on the basis of the overview of historical sources were generalized the levels of competence, which correlate or influence national strategic cultures. The first level is awareness, as a result of self-education or extra education, which is described as non-critical. The highest level of competence is "mastering", which allows to advantages and disadvantages of the extra-military scholarship, and to employ them in the most pragmatic way. ; В статті на основі огляду джерел з історії воєнної теорії та сучасних праць з проблем академічної цивільно-військової взаємодії були узагальнені рівні компетенції, які корелюють або мають вплив на утворення національних стратегічних культур. Перший рівень – це обізнаність, інформованість про метастратегічні фактори, який досягається через самоосвіту чи здобуття додаткової освіти; він характеризується відсутністю критичного осмислення отриманої інформації. Найвищий рівень компетентності – це опанування («mastering») ідеями та методами, які пропонують цивільні науки та освіта. На цьому рівні офіцер розуміє переваги та недоліки напрацювань позамілітарних наук, здатен використовувати це розуміння на свою користь.

In the article on the basis of the overview of historical sources were generalized the levels of competence, which correlate or influence national strategic cultures. The first level is awareness, as a result of self-education or extra education, which is described as non-critical. The highest level of competence is "mastering", which allows to advantages and disadvantages of the extra-military scholarship, and to employ them in the most pragmatic way. ; В статті на основі огляду джерел з історії воєнної теорії та сучасних праць з проблем академічної цивільно-військової взаємодії були узагальнені рівні компетенції, які корелюють або мають вплив на утворення національних стратегічних культур. Перший рівень – це обізнаність, інформованість про метастратегічні фактори, який досягається через самоосвіту чи здобуття додаткової освіти; він характеризується відсутністю критичного осмислення отриманої інформації. Найвищий рівень компетентності – це опанування («mastering») ідеями та методами, які пропонують цивільні науки та освіта. На цьому рівні офіцер розуміє переваги та недоліки напрацювань позамілітарних наук, здатен використовувати це розуміння на свою користь.

The article is devoted to highlighting the general features of different systems of civil service organization. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Ukraine's participation in globalization and European integration processes reflects the need to study the experience of states that make up the Western legal tradition, which should focus on civil service systems, based on the tasks of the state in democratic societies. Ukraine. It is noted that in the postmodern era there is a need to rethink the classical models of civil service organization, analysis of modern systems of such organization and the formulation of generalized conclusions, their systematization. The purpose of the article is to systematize and generalize the various systems of civil service organization: classical, mixed and modern, available in the European political space. The focus is on the identification of three classic systems of civil service organization that are immanent to the states of the European community: career, job and mixed. The prevalence of the career model in these states is indicated, however, the states do not focus on the characteristics of such a model, using the contamination of individual features of each of these systems. There are such features of the career system of the civil service as strict compliance with the statutory requirements as a condition for career growth of the employee; disregard for experience in the private sector; features of remuneration and pension provision of civil servants; regulation of subordination relations; normative consolidation of rules of conduct for civil servants, etc. The defining feature of the modernization model of the civil service is the management of purely public interests and demands. The transient model assumes belonging to models with open orientation. The postmodernist model is an excellent vision, illuminating a new categorical apparatus (individual values, humanistic principles, openness). A characteristic feature of the mixed model is the contractual relationship between a public employee and a government agency. The significance of the main provisions and conclusions of the study is determined by the possibility of their use in public administration in Ukraine. ; Стаття присвячена висвітленню загальних рис різних систем організації державної служби. Актуальність дослідження обумовлюється тим, що участь України в глобалізаційних та євроінтеграційних процесах відображає необхідність вивчення досвіду держав, що складають західну правову традицію, акцент якої має бути зосереджено на системах організації державної служби, виходячи з завдань держави в демократичних суспільствах та перманентному реформуванню сфери публічного адміністрування в Україні. Зазначається, що в умовах епохи постмодерну виникає необхідність переосмислення класичних моделей організації державної служби, аналіз сучасних систем такої організації та формулювання узагальнених висновків, їх систематизації. Мета статті полягає у систематизації і узагальненні різних систем організації державної служби: класичних, змішаних та сучасних, що наявні в європейському політичному просторі. Зосереджено увагу на виокремленні таких трьох класичних систем організації державної служби, що іманентні державам європейської спільноти: кар'єрній, посадовій та змішаній. Вказується на превалюванні в цих державах кар'єрної моделі, однак, при цьому держави не орієнтуються на характеристики такої моделі, використовуючи контамінацію окремих рис кожної з названих систем. Виокремлюються такі ознаки кар'єристської системи державної служби як неухильне виконання статутних вимог як умова кар'єрного зростання службовця; неурахування досвіду роботи в недержавній сфері; особливості оплати праці та пенсійного забезпечення державного службовця; регламентування відносин субординації; нормативне закріплення правил поведінки державного службовця та ін. Визначальною рисою модернізаційної моделі державної служби є керівництво суто суспільними інтересами та запитами. Транзиторна модель передбачає приналежність до моделей з відкритою орієнтацією. Відмінним баченням виступає постмодерністська модель, висвітлює новий категоріальний апарат (індивідуальні цінності, гуманістичні принципи, відкритість). Характерною особливістю змішаної моделі є контрактні відносини між публічним працівником і державною установою. Значимість основних положень і висновків дослідження визначається можливістю їх використання в публічному адмініструванні в Україні.

The article is devoted to highlighting the general features of different systems of civil service organization. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Ukraine's participation in globalization and European integration processes reflects the need to study the experience of states that make up the Western legal tradition, which should focus on civil service systems, based on the tasks of the state in democratic societies. Ukraine. It is noted that in the postmodern era there is a need to rethink the classical models of civil service organization, analysis of modern systems of such organization and the formulation of generalized conclusions, their systematization. The purpose of the article is to systematize and generalize the various systems of civil service organization: classical, mixed and modern, available in the European political space. The focus is on the identification of three classic systems of civil service organization that are immanent to the states of the European community: career, job and mixed. The prevalence of the career model in these states is indicated, however, the states do not focus on the characteristics of such a model, using the contamination of individual features of each of these systems. There are such features of the career system of the civil service as strict compliance with the statutory requirements as a condition for career growth of the employee; disregard for experience in the private sector; features of remuneration and pension provision of civil servants; regulation of subordination relations; normative consolidation of rules of conduct for civil servants, etc. The defining feature of the modernization model of the civil service is the management of purely public interests and demands. The transient model assumes belonging to models with open orientation. The postmodernist model is an excellent vision, illuminating a new categorical apparatus (individual values, humanistic principles, openness). A characteristic feature of the mixed model is the contractual relationship between a public employee and a government agency. The significance of the main provisions and conclusions of the study is determined by the possibility of their use in public administration in Ukraine. ; Стаття присвячена висвітленню загальних рис різних систем організації державної служби. Актуальність дослідження обумовлюється тим, що участь України в глобалізаційних та євроінтеграційних процесах відображає необхідність вивчення досвіду держав, що складають західну правову традицію, акцент якої має бути зосереджено на системах організації державної служби, виходячи з завдань держави в демократичних суспільствах та перманентному реформуванню сфери публічного адміністрування в Україні. Зазначається, що в умовах епохи постмодерну виникає необхідність переосмислення класичних моделей організації державної служби, аналіз сучасних систем такої організації та формулювання узагальнених висновків, їх систематизації. Мета статті полягає у систематизації і узагальненні різних систем організації державної служби: класичних, змішаних та сучасних, що наявні в європейському політичному просторі. Зосереджено увагу на виокремленні таких трьох класичних систем організації державної служби, що іманентні державам європейської спільноти: кар'єрній, посадовій та змішаній. Вказується на превалюванні в цих державах кар'єрної моделі, однак, при цьому держави не орієнтуються на характеристики такої моделі, використовуючи контамінацію окремих рис кожної з названих систем. Виокремлюються такі ознаки кар'єристської системи державної служби як неухильне виконання статутних вимог як умова кар'єрного зростання службовця; неурахування досвіду роботи в недержавній сфері; особливості оплати праці та пенсійного забезпечення державного службовця; регламентування відносин субординації; нормативне закріплення правил поведінки державного службовця та ін. Визначальною рисою модернізаційної моделі державної служби є керівництво суто суспільними інтересами та запитами. Транзиторна модель передбачає приналежність до моделей з відкритою орієнтацією. Відмінним баченням виступає постмодерністська модель, висвітлює новий категоріальний апарат (індивідуальні цінності, гуманістичні принципи, відкритість). Характерною особливістю змішаної моделі є контрактні відносини між публічним працівником і державною установою. Значимість основних положень і висновків дослідження визначається можливістю їх використання в публічному адмініструванні в Україні.

Розглянуто поняття цькування на державній службі та запропоновано класифікацію його видів. Висвітлено результати дослідження явища цькування на державній службі. Досліджено прояви цькування на державній службі та визначено категорії осіб, які його застосовують. ; Problem setting. One of the high-priority factors that contributes to the effective implementation of the duties imposed on civil servants, well coordinated teamwork, prompt execution of orders is the defined corporate culture and favourable psychological climate in the team. Currently, in order to create comfortable working conditions in civil service, considerable attention is paid to improving legislation on the protection of civil servants' rights, implementation of modern methods and tools for personnel management, professional training, etc.At the same time, the evidence from practice shows that civil servants often face infringement of their rights through psychological pressure, aggression, unjustified threats, isolation, and other factors that become catalysts of low motivation, stress and facilitate the dismissal of skilled professionals.Recent research and publications analysis. Workplace bullying and its reasons were studied by national and foreign scientists, as follows: D. Acquadro Maran, S. Bernardelli, A. Varetto, S. Demirag, V. Overchuk, A. Sorokina, S. Ciftci, A. Karavanov, O. Kachmar, O. Kudinov, O. Kursova, etc. The study of international experience evidences that the matter of bullying in civil service abroad, in EU states in particular, is tended, specific researches and professional training are held, aimed at prevention of bullying.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Currently, there is no standardized practice in Ukraine for preventing, detecting and combating bullying in civil service. Moreover, there are no studies on bullying in civil service and its consequences.The purpose of our study was to determine the existence or absence of bullying in civil service, its prevalence and peculiarities of manifestation.Paper main body. We consider the concept of "bullying" as systematic intentional psychological violence on behalf of individual or a group of individuals, who have some advantages (psychological, administrative, etc.) for some personal reasons.Research of bullying in civil service was held for the period from March till April 2019. The research method was polling (questionnaire survey). 1042 civil servants participated in the polling.Based on the research findings, it was identified that 66,1% of civil servants faced bullying towards them in civil service. In particular, about half of civil servants faced such manifestations: constant unreasonable criticism and poor evaluation of the work by the managing board, excessive fault-finding and checking of current work (55,2%); verbal aggression (50,9%); the spread of rumours and misinformation among the staff, which had a negative impact on reputation (49,3%); assigning success to other employees, lack of recognition of achievements and successes (43,5%). Bullying towards the civil servants was primarily applied by: direct supervisor (60%); senior executive manager (44,4%) and workfellow from structural subdivision (23,4%).15,4 % of respondents, who applied for protection of their rights to natural persons or legal entities, got assistance in settling the matter of bullying, and 84,6% of them failed to get it.Among the civil servants, who resigned from civil service, bullying was the reason in 64,9% of cases.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Thus, the research findings prove the presence and prevalence of cases of bullying in civil service. Bullying is one of the important factors in the dismissal of civil servants, which affects staff turnover and the general psychological climate in the team. Therefore, there is a need for legislative regulation of the issue of bullying in the civil service in order to protect the rights of civil servants, development of the concept of culture in civil service, and holding appropriate training of civil servants.

Розглянуто поняття цькування на державній службі та запропоновано класифікацію його видів. Висвітлено результати дослідження явища цькування на державній службі. Досліджено прояви цькування на державній службі та визначено категорії осіб, які його застосовують. ; Problem setting. One of the high-priority factors that contributes to the effective implementation of the duties imposed on civil servants, well coordinated teamwork, prompt execution of orders is the defined corporate culture and favourable psychological climate in the team. Currently, in order to create comfortable working conditions in civil service, considerable attention is paid to improving legislation on the protection of civil servants' rights, implementation of modern methods and tools for personnel management, professional training, etc.At the same time, the evidence from practice shows that civil servants often face infringement of their rights through psychological pressure, aggression, unjustified threats, isolation, and other factors that become catalysts of low motivation, stress and facilitate the dismissal of skilled professionals.Recent research and publications analysis. Workplace bullying and its reasons were studied by national and foreign scientists, as follows: D. Acquadro Maran, S. Bernardelli, A. Varetto, S. Demirag, V. Overchuk, A. Sorokina, S. Ciftci, A. Karavanov, O. Kachmar, O. Kudinov, O. Kursova, etc. The study of international experience evidences that the matter of bullying in civil service abroad, in EU states in particular, is tended, specific researches and professional training are held, aimed at prevention of bullying.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Currently, there is no standardized practice in Ukraine for preventing, detecting and combating bullying in civil service. Moreover, there are no studies on bullying in civil service and its consequences.The purpose of our study was to determine the existence or absence of bullying in civil service, its prevalence and peculiarities of manifestation.Paper main body. We consider the concept of "bullying" as systematic intentional psychological violence on behalf of individual or a group of individuals, who have some advantages (psychological, administrative, etc.) for some personal reasons.Research of bullying in civil service was held for the period from March till April 2019. The research method was polling (questionnaire survey). 1042 civil servants participated in the polling.Based on the research findings, it was identified that 66,1% of civil servants faced bullying towards them in civil service. In particular, about half of civil servants faced such manifestations: constant unreasonable criticism and poor evaluation of the work by the managing board, excessive fault-finding and checking of current work (55,2%); verbal aggression (50,9%); the spread of rumours and misinformation among the staff, which had a negative impact on reputation (49,3%); assigning success to other employees, lack of recognition of achievements and successes (43,5%). Bullying towards the civil servants was primarily applied by: direct supervisor (60%); senior executive manager (44,4%) and workfellow from structural subdivision (23,4%).15,4 % of respondents, who applied for protection of their rights to natural persons or legal entities, got assistance in settling the matter of bullying, and 84,6% of them failed to get it.Among the civil servants, who resigned from civil service, bullying was the reason in 64,9% of cases.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Thus, the research findings prove the presence and prevalence of cases of bullying in civil service. Bullying is one of the important factors in the dismissal of civil servants, which affects staff turnover and the general psychological climate in the team. Therefore, there is a need for legislative regulation of the issue of bullying in the civil service in order to protect the rights of civil servants, development of the concept of culture in civil service, and holding appropriate training of civil servants.

The article is devoted to studying the place of the state in the system of subjects of the civil law. It is noted that the realization of the interest of individual achieved by his/her individual actions, by means of combining individuals or a combination of capital, which leads to the creation of independent legal structure in the civil law, which becomes a fiction of the individual namely. Since the state is an alliance of the interests of persons united in a single social organism in order to ensure their implementation, it is logical that legal entity synthesizes not only the characteristic features of a corporation, but also the features that are characteristic for the state as a subject of the law. The state has no independent status as a subject of the civil law. Due to the relationship between the construction of the state and legal entities, we can assert the unity of the nature of their formation in the private law. The obvious special features of the state that are of a public-law nature do not exclude such features in the private-law sphere that are present in legal entity (organizational unity, property autonomy, independent property liability, participation in civilian circulation on its own behalf) do not change its goals in this area. The natural deficiency of the state capacity makes it impossible to realize its subjective civil rights and fulfill legal obligations in a way different from that established for its public-law functions, that is, through the state authorities. Such model of relations between the state and legal entities of public law fits into the design of the institution of representation. But this is not methodologically justified. Public authorities should not have legal entity status. The legal capacity of the state is revealed, its universal character is substantiated. Arguments are put forward in favor of the special legal capacity of the state authorities under the civil law of Ukraine.

As a result of the reform of the Ukrainian Civil Procedural Law in 2017, civil justice has undergone significant changes. That is, – courts of first instance may consider civil cases in a general proceeding or in a summary proceeding.

The issue of legislative regulation and practical implementation of summary proceeding in civil litigation is in the focus of scientists and legal practitioners. To date, a separate Chapter 10 of Section III of the current Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, which has the title – "Review of cases in summary proceedings" is devoted to a summary proceeding. This Chapter of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine determines the categories of cases to be considered in the procedure of summary proceedings, as well as the cases that cannot be considered in the procedure of summary proceeding, procedural features and the procedure for considering such cases.

At the same time, there are a number of disadvantages that cause certain problems that negatively affect to the theoretical basis and practical aspect of summary proceeding implementation in civil litigation in the part of the normative consolidation of the summary proceeding in the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine.

Consequently, the issue of "minor cases" and the determination by courts of grounds for the consideration in summary proceeding of civil cases is the subject of our attention in this article.

Particularly these issues concern the lack of legal definition of the concept of "minor cases" at the legislative level, as well as the lack of clear criteria for assigning a particular case to the category of "minor" ones. Special attention should be paid to the effectiveness of the introduction of so-called "cassational filters" for minor cases in the current Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine.

The authors concluded that it is necessary to give a legitimate definition of the concept of minor cases and clear criteria for their definition as well as the fact that the institution of summary proceeding requires further improvement and development.

So, it is considered appropriate to draw attention to motivating the courts` decisions, as well as wider application of the provisions of the principles of proportionality of civil judicial proceedings and cooperation between the parties and the court to ensure the realization of the main task – the effective protection of claimant`s violated rights.

The article is devoted to the outline and research of several topical critical questions related to the study of the role of the Ukrainian youth in the development of civil society in terms of the undeclared Russian-Ukrainian war and global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the influence of the civilization borderland factor on the mentality and behavior of borderland residents. The article focuses on the fact that the concurrently multidirectional influences, such as geopolitical, cultural, religious and others, make the borderland a zone of attraction and rejection, as well as the space for large-scale manipulations. The formation of civil society in the borderland area has its own specifics, yet scantily explored in the academic research. Special attention is paid to the increase of the civil society's significance in various spheres from the promotion of reforms at the state level to the voluntary assistance provided to the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the "Joint Forces Operation", internally displaced persons, and other segments of the population. To successfully solve the problem of building the Ukrainian civil society, it is necessary to fundamentally comprehend the youth's participation in the solution of various problems of modern Ukraine. Thus, it is important that young citizens be ready for active cooperation with the state and public organizations. The research emphasizes one of the popular ways to transform young people into active citizens of Ukraine, which consists in their encouragement to participate in the process of building civil society at all levels of the educational process in the educational establishments of our state, Ukrainian weekend schools abroad; involvement in the work of the Young Scholars' Council and various public organizations. This all caused the need to search for fundamentally new approaches to preparing youth for an active life in the Ukrainian society. The author of the article has elucidated the work experience of the scholars of the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies regarding the effective forms and methods of increasing young people's activity through the prism of academic, cultural, and educational work.

The article analyzes the Ukrainian national elite of the postcolonial era through the prism of citizenship. In recent years, the interest in elitist issues has been grown significantly. In modern socio-humanitarian field, the issues of the elites' role in the modern world, the criteria for evaluating different elite's activity, the measure of their citizenship, patriotism and professionalism are often discussed. Positive social transformations in many respects depend on the qualitative state of modern Ukrainian elites, on their socio-political maturity, on their willingness and ability to consolidate Ukrainian society, on the level of their responsibility for the fate of Ukraine. The author of the article follows to the concept of plurality of elites (based on the idea of distinguishing elite groups in the fields of their leading activities), which enables the allocation of political, ideological, publicadministrative, military, economic and engineering, scientific, spiritual, medical, educational (pedagogical), cultural-artistic, religious, informational, sporting, etc. In the post-colonial period, all these elite groups must become an integral elements of the Ukrainian national elite. In article the citizen is analyzed as a subject of qualitative social transformations in the post-colonial period, as well as civil practices of self-organization of society in the context of modern transformational processes in Ukraine by the article. The phenomenon of civic activity of an elitist person is analyzed in a theoretical, methodological and empirical perspective. The article deals with theoretical and methodological bases, structure and development peculiarities of the civil position of the personality. Civil society is seen as a cultural and historical type of society. The peculiarities of its formation and functioning in post-colonial Ukraine are analyzed. The author suggests his own periodization of the civil society development in Ukraine. So, the Ukrainian national elite would become the true subject of decolonization of Ukraine and positive social transformations only when all its representatives will begin to perform their core functions in a responsible way: culture-creating, state-building, nation-building, as well as consolidating, creative-transforming, forecasting, motivational, mobilizing, administrating, spiritual-ideological, identification, patriotic, humanistic, axiological, democratic, stabilizing, strategic, security, etc. The Ukrainian national elite must respond on time to the challenges posed by time (globalization, ecological, economic, technological, informational, etc.). The most important for modern Ukraine isn't only the formation of an effective and responsible political elite that could consolidate other elite groups, directing their activities in a constructive way, but also ensuring its timely rotation, qualitative upgrading, de-oligarchy and overcoming its alienation from society. The national elite must carry out highquality legal, political, socio-economic, socio-cultural, technological, ecological and other transformations; to support the integrity and spiritual unity of society, the development of democracy and self-organization processes in Ukraine, the formation and approval of a civil-political and European civilization identity of Ukrainian citizens.

This paper focuses on the political language symbolism used during the political protests in Ukraine (in 1990, 2000-2001, 2004, 2013-14). Firstly, author discusses the strategies used by the slogan writes during the political protests and shows that they were aimed at mobilizing civil consensus. Secondly, author is interested in the evolution of the language produced during the ongoing protest in Ukraine, and how it delineates the space for the expression of political agenda.

The research of theoretical and legal approaches to the concept and conditions of the settlement agreement, the historical-legal and comparative-legal analysis of the settlement agreement is implemented. The systematization of the civil procedure legislation regulating the content and the order of conclusion, approval, execution and appeal of the terms of the amicable agreement is carried out. Based on the analysis of case law, proposals for improving the settlement agreement are proffered. ; У роботі здійснено дослідження теоретико-правових підходів до поняття та умов мирової угоди, проведено історико-правовий та порівняльно-правовий аналіз мирової угоди. Проведено систематизацію цивільно-процесуального законодавство, що регулює зміст та порядок укладання, затвердження, виконання та оскарження умов мирової угоди. На основі аналізу судової практики запропоновано пропозиції щодо удосконалення мирової угоди.