Suchergebnisse

Summary The final paper for the Master's degree analyzes theory and practice of the dismissal of civil servants and issues of concern of legal regulation of dismissal from the civil service. This paper includes the hypothesis that despite the application of provisions of the imperative Civil Service Act for the ending of the civil service, use of the Labour Law norms is possible. This paper is comprised of two main parts. The first part of the paper discloses the concept of legal relations of the dismissal of civil servants with reference to the Civil Service Act and Labour Code by setting forth the specifics of these relationships and their integrated legal regulation. The second part of the paper examines the practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania in proceeding with cases relating to disputes over civil service, the basis for civil servant dismissal and problems of concern of its practical application. Research analysis differentiates among the following three main categories of the dismissed civil servants: 1) Senior Officials of public institutions; 2) Career Civil Servants; and 3) Statutory Officers. Civil servants work in best interests of the State and fulfil the tasks of public administration. Civil service labour relations develop between the employer (the State) and the civil servant therefore they are based on the principle of hierarchy in order to ensure the public interest. Legal relations between the State and civil servants are regulated by different branches of law: Administrative Law, Labour Law, and Constitutional Law. Unity of the civil service system does not deny the possibility of differentiated regulation of the dismissal of civil servants. The legislator prefers the Civil Service Act in ending civil service, and to fill the existing gaps provisions of the Labour Code are employed. The practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania when investigating peculiarities of the dismissal of civil servants reveals the concept of malfeasance, imposition of different penalties, and identifies legal acts applicable for ending the official relationship in the civil service. Superior Officials of public institutions taken into the service on the basis of political trust are dismissed after they lose trust of the service that has admitted them into the service. Basis for the dismissal of Career Civil Servants are provided in the Civil Service Act. Statutory Civil Servants are dismissed by the specific legal acts or the acts confirmed by statutes. In case of dismissal of Career Civil Servants and Statutory Officials, Labour Law norms are applicable when resolving collisions of legal norms.

Summary The final paper for the Master's degree analyzes theory and practice of the dismissal of civil servants and issues of concern of legal regulation of dismissal from the civil service. This paper includes the hypothesis that despite the application of provisions of the imperative Civil Service Act for the ending of the civil service, use of the Labour Law norms is possible. This paper is comprised of two main parts. The first part of the paper discloses the concept of legal relations of the dismissal of civil servants with reference to the Civil Service Act and Labour Code by setting forth the specifics of these relationships and their integrated legal regulation. The second part of the paper examines the practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania in proceeding with cases relating to disputes over civil service, the basis for civil servant dismissal and problems of concern of its practical application. Research analysis differentiates among the following three main categories of the dismissed civil servants: 1) Senior Officials of public institutions; 2) Career Civil Servants; and 3) Statutory Officers. Civil servants work in best interests of the State and fulfil the tasks of public administration. Civil service labour relations develop between the employer (the State) and the civil servant therefore they are based on the principle of hierarchy in order to ensure the public interest. Legal relations between the State and civil servants are regulated by different branches of law: Administrative Law, Labour Law, and Constitutional Law. Unity of the civil service system does not deny the possibility of differentiated regulation of the dismissal of civil servants. The legislator prefers the Civil Service Act in ending civil service, and to fill the existing gaps provisions of the Labour Code are employed. The practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania when investigating peculiarities of the dismissal of civil servants reveals the concept of malfeasance, imposition of different penalties, and identifies legal acts applicable for ending the official relationship in the civil service. Superior Officials of public institutions taken into the service on the basis of political trust are dismissed after they lose trust of the service that has admitted them into the service. Basis for the dismissal of Career Civil Servants are provided in the Civil Service Act. Statutory Civil Servants are dismissed by the specific legal acts or the acts confirmed by statutes. In case of dismissal of Career Civil Servants and Statutory Officials, Labour Law norms are applicable when resolving collisions of legal norms.

Summary The final paper for the Master's degree analyzes theory and practice of the dismissal of civil servants and issues of concern of legal regulation of dismissal from the civil service. This paper includes the hypothesis that despite the application of provisions of the imperative Civil Service Act for the ending of the civil service, use of the Labour Law norms is possible. This paper is comprised of two main parts. The first part of the paper discloses the concept of legal relations of the dismissal of civil servants with reference to the Civil Service Act and Labour Code by setting forth the specifics of these relationships and their integrated legal regulation. The second part of the paper examines the practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania in proceeding with cases relating to disputes over civil service, the basis for civil servant dismissal and problems of concern of its practical application. Research analysis differentiates among the following three main categories of the dismissed civil servants: 1) Senior Officials of public institutions; 2) Career Civil Servants; and 3) Statutory Officers. Civil servants work in best interests of the State and fulfil the tasks of public administration. Civil service labour relations develop between the employer (the State) and the civil servant therefore they are based on the principle of hierarchy in order to ensure the public interest. Legal relations between the State and civil servants are regulated by different branches of law: Administrative Law, Labour Law, and Constitutional Law. Unity of the civil service system does not deny the possibility of differentiated regulation of the dismissal of civil servants. The legislator prefers the Civil Service Act in ending civil service, and to fill the existing gaps provisions of the Labour Code are employed. The practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania when investigating peculiarities of the dismissal of civil servants reveals the concept of malfeasance, imposition of different penalties, and identifies legal acts applicable for ending the official relationship in the civil service. Superior Officials of public institutions taken into the service on the basis of political trust are dismissed after they lose trust of the service that has admitted them into the service. Basis for the dismissal of Career Civil Servants are provided in the Civil Service Act. Statutory Civil Servants are dismissed by the specific legal acts or the acts confirmed by statutes. In case of dismissal of Career Civil Servants and Statutory Officials, Labour Law norms are applicable when resolving collisions of legal norms.

Civil resistance is analyzed under the outlook of counterpropaganda by seeking to base the assumptions of its deinstitutionalization. Counterpropaganda may be defined by the individual activities of resistance, which are communicated in the public space. The changes of the definition of contemporary counterpropaganda are presented, and civil resistance is illustrated by the empirical examples as the method that may help understand both the processes of individual's deinstitutionalized counterpropaganda and the military defence of the state.

Civil resistance is analyzed under the outlook of counterpropaganda by seeking to base the assumptions of its deinstitutionalization. Counterpropaganda may be defined by the individual activities of resistance, which are communicated in the public space. The changes of the definition of contemporary counterpropaganda are presented, and civil resistance is illustrated by the empirical examples as the method that may help understand both the processes of individual's deinstitutionalized counterpropaganda and the military defence of the state.

Civil resistance is analyzed under the outlook of counterpropaganda by seeking to base the assumptions of its deinstitutionalization. Counterpropaganda may be defined by the individual activities of resistance, which are communicated in the public space. The changes of the definition of contemporary counterpropaganda are presented, and civil resistance is illustrated by the empirical examples as the method that may help understand both the processes of individual's deinstitutionalized counterpropaganda and the military defence of the state.

Civil resistance is analyzed under the outlook of counterpropaganda by seeking to base the assumptions of its deinstitutionalization. Counterpropaganda may be defined by the individual activities of resistance, which are communicated in the public space. The changes of the definition of contemporary counterpropaganda are presented, and civil resistance is illustrated by the empirical examples as the method that may help understand both the processes of individual's deinstitutionalized counterpropaganda and the military defence of the state.

Udovičius R. The program of civil defence education in secondary school Alsėdžiai: experience and perspective / Master thesis of Public security and defence. Leader doc. dr. Rolanda Kazlauskaitė Markelienė. Vilnius: The General Jonas Zemaitis Lithuanian Military Academy, Department of Humanities: in 2017. 64 p.

Udovičius R. The program of civil defence education in secondary school Alsėdžiai: experience and perspective / Master thesis of Public security and defence. Leader doc. dr. Rolanda Kazlauskaitė Markelienė. Vilnius: The General Jonas Zemaitis Lithuanian Military Academy, Department of Humanities: in 2017. 64 p.

Udovičius R. The program of civil defence education in secondary school Alsėdžiai: experience and perspective / Master thesis of Public security and defence. Leader doc. dr. Rolanda Kazlauskaitė Markelienė. Vilnius: The General Jonas Zemaitis Lithuanian Military Academy, Department of Humanities: in 2017. 64 p.

Udovičius R. The program of civil defence education in secondary school Alsėdžiai: experience and perspective / Master thesis of Public security and defence. Leader doc. dr. Rolanda Kazlauskaitė Markelienė. Vilnius: The General Jonas Zemaitis Lithuanian Military Academy, Department of Humanities: in 2017. 64 p.

This article deals with the phenomenon of military organization identity and its influence on the process of cadets' public spirit education. The analysis of research data exposed the notion of public spirit between trainers and trainees that create common values for the formation of organization. The question of identity is actualized by the globalization, the increase of information and news, as well as migration. The result of changes is the changing human and social relations, and transformation of value systems. The factors effecting the construction of personal identity are revealed in the scientific literature. Identity is a conscious self-devotion to a specific group, which understands consequences. Organizational identity, on one hand, forms individual's interests and value orientations. On the other hand, the individuals themselves construct personal and organizational identities. The creation processes of collective identity are derived from institutional, cultural and power context. The feature of collective identity is a person's ability to define him/herself and others as 'u'. Military identity, as a dimension of military organization, has undergone not one transformation. The basis of forming military identity is a consciously constructed value system. Duty, responsibility, discipline and loyalty are named as the priority of military values, which are recognized by the majority of members in the organization. Common values are the must in forming an organizational identity that is why the success of public spirit education in Lithuanian Military Academy depends on the interaction among cadets, military instructors and civilian faculty. The public spirit, as a dimension of organizational identity, reveals the forms of identities significant to Military Academy, namely responsibility, civil rights and duties, social participation, loyalty and tolerance. These forms partially suit to the applied public behavior model of five dimensions in organization, which includes the aspects of support, honesty, public interaction, tolerance and respect. Preparing cadets, future officers of Lithuanian military, it is obligatory to recognize dual organizational identity of Military Academy and orientate to the active public spirit educating in all aspects, taking into consideration the basic idea of national security, which praises the responsibility for the complete and secure future of our nation and state. ; Organizacinis tapatumas ypač svarbus: jis formuoja interesus ir vertybes pagal jau turimą patyrimo modelį ir, siedamas istoriją, kultūrą ir geografinę aplinką, įgauna galią. Asmens tapatumas susijęs su savęs priskyrimu grupei pagal jos specifinius požymius, suprantant tokio pasirinkimo kognityvines, emocines ir elgsenos pasekmes. Kolektyvinio tapatumo bruožas – asmens gebėjimas identifikuotis su kitais taip, kad kitų gerovė taptų asmeninės gerovės dalimi. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas karinės organizacijos tapatumo fenomenas ir jo įtaka kariūnų pilietiškumo ugdymo procesui. Tyrimo duomenų analizė išryškino ugdytinių ir ugdytojų pilietiškumo sampratą jungiančias bendras vertybes, būtinas organizacijos tapatumui formuotis.

The 1.2 article of the Lithuanian Civil Code establishes the principles of the regulation of legal civil relations. Only the bare names of these principles are being presented in this article, while their content is revealed through the other articles of the Civil Code or through the judicial practice. The importance of the principles keeps growing, since these seem to constitute certain basis which is equally to be relied upon as by legislation, so by judges (that deal with the case) or by the subjects of legal civil relations themselves. It follows that in the present work the principles of civil law are revealed through the judicial practice (i.m. what content and interpretation of the mentioned principles the court establishes in its litigations and judgments). In the first part of the present work, general interpretation of the principles of civil law is presented, and, at the same time, in respect of that, the definition of a principle is clarified. There are analyzed as well the functions of the principles of civil law, these are essential in future while explaining the content of the principles themselves. The correlation between the regulation principles of civil law and enforcement principles of civil law is analyzed in the same part of the work; afterwards the author consequently passes on to some principles of European Union that caused enormous impact on the Lithuanian civil law, as they have been extrapolated within the harmonization of our provisions. Each of the principles of civil law is analyzed in the second part of the present work; the analysis suggested is pursuant to the position of the academics and to the rules formulated by the judiciary. Finally, in the last part of the present work the possibility of limiting of the principles of civil law and the ways of doing that are indicated. It is essential to highlight the fact that nobody can abuse of the attributed principles since in this case they can turn against that kind of person and his rights will be limited with the help of the mentioned principles.

The 1.2 article of the Lithuanian Civil Code establishes the principles of the regulation of legal civil relations. Only the bare names of these principles are being presented in this article, while their content is revealed through the other articles of the Civil Code or through the judicial practice. The importance of the principles keeps growing, since these seem to constitute certain basis which is equally to be relied upon as by legislation, so by judges (that deal with the case) or by the subjects of legal civil relations themselves. It follows that in the present work the principles of civil law are revealed through the judicial practice (i.m. what content and interpretation of the mentioned principles the court establishes in its litigations and judgments). In the first part of the present work, general interpretation of the principles of civil law is presented, and, at the same time, in respect of that, the definition of a principle is clarified. There are analyzed as well the functions of the principles of civil law, these are essential in future while explaining the content of the principles themselves. The correlation between the regulation principles of civil law and enforcement principles of civil law is analyzed in the same part of the work; afterwards the author consequently passes on to some principles of European Union that caused enormous impact on the Lithuanian civil law, as they have been extrapolated within the harmonization of our provisions. Each of the principles of civil law is analyzed in the second part of the present work; the analysis suggested is pursuant to the position of the academics and to the rules formulated by the judiciary. Finally, in the last part of the present work the possibility of limiting of the principles of civil law and the ways of doing that are indicated. It is essential to highlight the fact that nobody can abuse of the attributed principles since in this case they can turn against that kind of person and his rights will be limited with the help of the mentioned principles.

The 1.2 article of the Lithuanian Civil Code establishes the principles of the regulation of legal civil relations. Only the bare names of these principles are being presented in this article, while their content is revealed through the other articles of the Civil Code or through the judicial practice. The importance of the principles keeps growing, since these seem to constitute certain basis which is equally to be relied upon as by legislation, so by judges (that deal with the case) or by the subjects of legal civil relations themselves. It follows that in the present work the principles of civil law are revealed through the judicial practice (i.m. what content and interpretation of the mentioned principles the court establishes in its litigations and judgments). In the first part of the present work, general interpretation of the principles of civil law is presented, and, at the same time, in respect of that, the definition of a principle is clarified. There are analyzed as well the functions of the principles of civil law, these are essential in future while explaining the content of the principles themselves. The correlation between the regulation principles of civil law and enforcement principles of civil law is analyzed in the same part of the work; afterwards the author consequently passes on to some principles of European Union that caused enormous impact on the Lithuanian civil law, as they have been extrapolated within the harmonization of our provisions. Each of the principles of civil law is analyzed in the second part of the present work; the analysis suggested is pursuant to the position of the academics and to the rules formulated by the judiciary. Finally, in the last part of the present work the possibility of limiting of the principles of civil law and the ways of doing that are indicated. It is essential to highlight the fact that nobody can abuse of the attributed principles since in this case they can turn against that kind of person and his rights will be limited with the help of the mentioned principles.