Résumé La majorité oubliée. Les civils et leurs expériences de la guerre. À partir d'exemples ethnographiques issus des guerres en Croatie et en Bosnie-Herzégovine dans les années 1990, l'auteur démontre l'intensification qu'opère la violence dans la relation entre les personnes et les espaces et comment l'appartenance ethnique perd de sa pertinence dans de tels contextes extrêmes. L'auteur étudie aussi comment les notions de normalité, de courage et d'humiliation sont assumées par les civils dans ce type de guerre.
Abstract Purpose The prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse (IPVA) perpetration and victimisation has been found to be higher in serving and ex-serving military samples compared to civilians. Despite this, there is a lack of qualitative research exploring the IPVA experiences of couples in which one or both partners are serving or have served in the military. This qualitative study aimed to explore IPVA experiences within the UK military community from the perspective of serving and ex-serving military personnel and civilian partners of UK military personnel.
Method One-to-one telephone interviews were conducted with 40 serving and ex-serving military personnel (29 male, 11 female) and 25 female civilian partners. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.
Results Four superordinate themes were derived: (1) patterns and directions of IPVA, (2) types of IPVA, (3) perceived drivers of IPVA and (4) perceived impact of IPVA. The findings point to frequent bidirectional abuse in part driven by poor communication and emotion regulation, whilst also highlighting the experiences of severe IPVA victimisation of civilian partners by military personnel motivated by power and control. Perceived drivers of both IPVA perpetration and victimisation include military factors borne of military culture or training, alcohol and mental health difficulties.
Conclusion These results highlight the role of cultural norms, as well as the role of emotion dysregulation, poor communication skills and mental health difficulties in explaining and perpetuating abuse within ecological theoretical frameworks of violence among couples within which one or both partners are serving or ex-serving military personnel.
Background: This study presents the management of patients with war-related injuries and early results of vascular injuries treated at a secondary care hospital neighboring to civil war. Methods: Between December 2013-December 2014 ninety-six war-related injury patients evaluated by a single vascular surgeon and participating disciplines according to components of injury in polytrauma patients. Thirty-six patients who underwent vascular surgery were retrospectively registered to the study. Demographics, treatment and early results of patients reviewed. Results: Mean age was 26.69±11.80 (7-66) years and 91.66% (33/36) were males. Injuries were caused by shrapnel wound due to bombing 61.11% (22/36), stab wound 8.33% (3/36), gunshot wound 30.55 % (11/36). The number of patients with polytrauma was 29, seven patients had isolated vascular injury. Among 42 arterial and 31 venous injuries primary suture repair, autologous vein graft interposition and prosthetic graft interposition performed to 20.54% (15), 28.76% (21), 19.17% (14) respectively. Amputation and all-cause mortality were %8.3 (3/36), 13.8% (5/36) respectively. Conclusions: Vascular injury with concomitant trauma is the main issue of war-related injuries. Surgeons should be cautious about patients who were initially deemed not to need surgery for vascular injury and then were found to need it. Repetitive physical examination is very important in case of any suspicion, especially in limited conditions for diagnostic tools like CT angiography. A rapid, careful multidisciplinary evaluation of experienced surgeons for the diagnosis and the treatment priorities in war-related injury patients may lead to increase life and limb salvage rates with a better quality of life. Keywords: vascular system injuries, war-related injuries, mortality, amputation, multiple trauma.
Wargaming experiences: Soldiers, Scientists and Civilians presents wargaming from the perspective of professionals, researchers and players. It is more a debate than a monologue, with many perspectives on the same problem. The first five chapters discuss the basics and essentials, as well as dilemmas of wargaming. The following chapters present the author's experiences collected over the last years in wargaming: the Baltics States security, the skills of liaison, the critical infrastructure in the Middle East, the Ebola epidemic, the Escape Room, the Battle of Mosul, the Skripal assassination, the Joint Cooperation exercise and alternative scenario of NATO Collective Defence. Those experiences are based on the player's impressions, designer's notes, after action reports and scientific sources. The collection of the experiences provides a comparison of various wargames tested and implemented in different locations, as well as the conclusions which were drawn based on their reception. It concludes with a last experience, that extends beyond wargaming.This book is for all who see themselves as humans in wargaming, in all perspectives, for finding yourselves while reading about experiences and recognizing better paths. Soldiers professing in their skills, scientists using it for research and civilians who join them at the table.
The article contains an analysis of the laws and regulations of the Republic of Estonia that cover protection of civilians. It is also including the role, functions and tasks of the subjects of protection of the civilians during: crisis informing, evacuation, preemptive actions and emergency assistance to the population during a crisis. In addition, possible ways to increase the awareness of the civilian population of the Republic of Estonia in the event of a crisis are analyzed.
Adverse childhood experiences are traumatic early life experiences that can lead to poorer mental, physical, and social outcomes. Children in military and veteran families can face unique challenges compared with civilian families. This study utilizes data from 2017–2019 National Survey of Children's Health to examine 56,655 children living in military, veteran, and civilian families to predict the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences. Findings indicate that children living in veteran families (compared with civilian families) have higher odds of witnessing parents use violence and witnessing parents with alcohol or substance use problems. Children in military families had higher odds of divorce and lower odds of experiencing parental death. It is also noted that children living in military, veteran, and civilian families are similar across other ACEs including the incarceration of a parent, child as victim of violence, living with family with mental illness, unfair treatment because of race, and difficulty covering basics like food and housing.
A study involving 79 patients who were considered for surgical treatment for craniocerebral gunshot injuries between 1972 and 1978 was carried out to develop criteria for radiographic assessment and surgical operation, as well as to improve operative techniques and preoperative planning. The study focused on differences between military and civilian injuries, as well as criteria for gross prediction of outcome.
This study directly assesses the impact of military work experience compared with civilian work experience in similar jobs on the subsequent chances of being hired in the civilian labour market. It does so through a field experiment in the Belgian labour market. A statistical examination of our experimental dataset shows that in general we cannot reject that employers are indifferent to whether job candidates gained their experience in a civilian or a military environment.
