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The question of the oppression of women, the critique of which constituted feminism as an academic and political pursuit, has been feminism's enduring source of strength and appeal, yielding numerous critical theories and perspectives. This has produced continual conceptual shifts defining an evolving feminism, such as the shift from women to gender and from inequality to difference. It has also involved shifts from theorizing the general conditions of women's experience—oppressed at home and in the workplace, while juggling the conflicting demands of both—to theorizing the implications of the claim that, while gender may be the main source of oppression for white, heterosexual, middle-class women, women with different characteristics and experiences are affected by other forms of oppression as well. A possible way for Marxist feminism to remain a distinctive theoretical and politically relevant perspective might be to return to class, in the Marxist sense, theoretically reexamining the relationship between class and oppression, particularly the oppression of working-class women, within capitalist social formations.

Class backwards? In search of the Soviet working class / Lewis H. Siegelbaum and Ronald Grigor Suny -- On the eve : life histories and identities of some revolutionary workers, 1870-1905 / Reginald E. Zelnik -- Vanguard workers and the morality of class / Mark D. Steinberg -- Class formation in the St. Petersburg metalworking industry : from the "days of freedom" to the Lena Goldfields massacre / Heather Hogan -- Workers against foremen in St. Petersburg, 1905-1917 / S.A. Smith -- Donbas miners in war, revolution, and civil war / Hiroaki Kuromiya -- Labor relations in socialist Russia : class values and production values in the Printers' Union, 1917-1921 / Diane P. Koenker -- Languages of trade or a language of class? Work culture in Russian cotton mills in the 1920s / Chris Ward -- The hidden class : white-collar workers in the Soviet 1920s / Daniel Orlovsky -- From working class to urban laboring mass : on politics and social categories in the formative years of the Soviet system / Gábor T. Rittersporn -- Coercion and identity : workers' lives in Stalin's showcase city / Stephen Kotkin -- Workers against bosses : the impact of the Great Purges on labor-management relations / Sheila Fitzpatrick -- The iconography of the worker in Soviet political art / Victoria E. Bonnell

New economy–politics and globalization have not only been changing the structure of class but the representation of identities as well. New social roles are reproduced and also criticized by the means of cultural production in which media and cinema instruments included. In past, the class structure and attachment to identities were effected by modernization process; in a similar way; in the current state of modernization, the new cultural sphere shaped by global communication networks and global consumption attitudes have been alternating the class structure and attachment to identity. With this context, this study analyzed some contemporary social realistic films (Zerre, Araf, Köksüz, Yozgat Blues) to understand how the position of individual changes within its role with herself and its relation to social institutions through a critical approach towards the dimensions of culture and economy-politics of the change. The aim is to start a discussion over cinema, about the effect of cultural change on class and representation of identity. The theoretic frame enlightening the change of the relation of the individual with her work, family, and society was built with the help of critical works. The economy-politics result of the globalization phenomenon has isolated the individual and detached her from its position, subject of politics. The structure of class has changed, the attachment to identity has weakened. The desperation of individual belonging to nothing, is a subject of cinema as well. The isolation and the deprivation of the new individual emerges as the very "violence" itself in the fantastic world of cinema.

"With essays by today's leading leftist social critics, Identity Trumps Socialism presents a rigorous and persuasive primer on the problems generated by postmodern and neoliberal challenges to the legacy of emancipatory universality. In addition to the ways in which capitalism has used racialized and gendered forms of oppression to divide the working class, today's activism must also understand how neoliberal capitalism uses identity politics to undermine socialism. Identity Trumps Socialism advances an emancipatory left universality that addresses the limits of diversity and makes the case for the centrality of class in the struggle against global capitalist hegemony"--

This article charts and analyses the debates and discussions about class and identity over the last 30 years in the Federation of Worker Writers and Community Publishers (Fed).The Fed fostered a class identity that was sharpened through discussions about the role of middle-class sympathizers. Narrow definitions of class were continually widened as groups of women, black and gay groups asserted an autonomous identity and set up separate groups, sometimes in direct opposition to class. While one section of the Fed clung to a narrow conception of class, the majority welcomed the changes but were unwilling to jettison class.This evidence brings into question academic arguments that tended to assert that class, as a monolithic presence, has been simply undermined or replaced by new identities and new social movements.Too little attention has been paid to the persistent but changing meanings of class.