Suchergebnisse

Ce dossier présente l'état actuel de la recherche et de la réflexion sur les transformations de l'atmosphère et du climat. Il intéressera les étudiants et les décideurs du monde économique et politique, et tous ceux qui sont sensibles à la protection de l'environnement

"Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary? presents the major climate phenomena within the climate system to underscore the potency of dynamics in giving rise to climate change and variability. These phenomena include deep convection over the Indo-Pacific warm pool and its planetary-scale organization: the Madden-Julian Oscillation, the monsoons, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the low-frequency variability of extratropical circulations. The volume also has a chapter focusing on the discussion of the causes of the recent melting of Arctic sea ice and a chapter devoted to the discussion of the causes of recent changes in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones. On each topic, the basic material of climate dynamics is covered to aid the understanding of the forefront research, making the volume accessible to a broad spectrum of readers."--Publisher's description

The world is facing several serious challenges at the close of the fossil and nuclear energy regime: the limited resources of cheap conventional oil can only be surmounted by tapping unconventional oil reserves, e.g. deep sea oil. The explosion of the oil platform Deepwater Horizon in 2010 and the subsequent oil spill caused enormous damage, which even a year later cannot be fully estimated. Another even more important threat emanating from the fossil and nuclear energy regime has been brought to our attention by the Fukushima disaster. Last but not least, the problem of climate change caused by an increase in greenhouse gas emissions is looming, despite the fact that the international community has agreed on a considerable reduction of these emissions. Is this poor result of the Kyoto Protocol and the failure of successive climate conferences the consequence of a preference for the use of market-based instruments? The majority of climate scientists, economists, and politicians believe in the efficiency of "cap-and-trade" regulations. They even conceive them as a constituent ingredient of a "Green New Deal" or "Global Green Recovery". The contributions in this volume provide a critical examination of the theoretical foundations, the political implications, and the empirical experiences of the application of market mechanisms and financial instruments to climate policy.

Intro -- CLIMATE CHANGE: FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES AND POLICY TOOLS -- CLIMATE CHANGE: FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES AND POLICY TOOLS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 CLIMATE CHANGE: FEDERAL FUNDING AND TAX INCENTIVES -- Summary -- Overview -- Program Areas -- Tax Expenditures -- International Context -- Categories of Reported Funding -- Consistency Issues -- Recent Funding and the President's FY2008 Request -- Interagency Objectives and Coordination -- Climate Change Science Program -- Climate Change Technology Program -- International Climate Change Assistance -- Tax Provisions -- Key Policy and Funding Issues -- Appendix I. Congressional Language Requiring Reports to Congress on Federal Climate Change Obligations and Expenditures -- Appendix II. Climate Change Technology Priorities -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 U.S. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY: EVOLVING VIEWS ON COST, COMPETITIVENESS, AND COMPREHENSIVENESS -- Summary -- From Study to Commitment: The UNFCCC -- Developing Programs: EPACT -- Comparing EPACT and the UNFCCC -- UNFCCC Results: Action Plans -- The George H. W. Bush Administration's National Action Plan: "No Regrets -- The Clinton Administration's National Action Plans: Industrial Strength "No Regrets" -- Kyoto and S.Res. 98 -- The George W. Bush Administration's National Action Plan: Abjuring an Emissions Reduction Goal -- Looking for New Directions -- Senate Amendment 866 [109th Congress] and S. 2191 [110th Congress] -- President Obama, the 111th Congress, and Climate Change -- Addressing the Three-Cs: Emerging Price versus Quantity Debate -- Conclusion: Battle of Policy Perspectives32 -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 CLIMATE CHANGE: CURRENT ISSUES AND POLICY TOOLS -- Summary -- Introduction -- Part One: Current Climate Change Issues -- Climate Change Science2 -- Observed changes in global climate -- Causes of observed climate change.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter -- Understanding, Forecasting, and Communicating Extreme Weather in a Changing Climate( -- Committee on Science, Space, and Technology U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing Charter, Understanding, Forecasting, and Communicating Extreme Weather in a Changing Climate -- Purpose -- Witnesses -- Overarching Questions -- Background -- Understanding the Causes of Extreme Weather Events -- Forecasting Extreme Weather Events -- Communicating Extreme Weather Events -- Impacts of Extreme Weather Events -- Additional Reading -- Chairwoman Eddie Bernice Johnson (D-TX), Full Committee Hearing: Understanding, Forecasting, and Communicating Extreme Weather in a Changing Climate, Thursday, September 26, 2019 -- Opening Statement of Ranking Member Frank Lucas, Full Committee Hearing, Understanding, Forecasting, and Communicating Extreme Weather in a Changing Climate, September 26, 2019 -- Testimony of Dr. J. Marshall Shepherd, Georgia Athletic Association Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Sciences and Geography, and Director, Atmospheric Sciences Program, Department of Geography, University of Georgia, and 2013 President, Americ... -- Written Testimony of Dr. J. Marshall Shepherd, Georgia Athletic Association Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric Sciences and Geography and Director, Atmospheric Sciences Program at the University of Georgia, Former President of the American Meteoro... -- Clarity on Extreme Weather-Climate Change Attribution, Messaging, and Steps Forward Key Takeaway Points -- Introduction -- Contemporary Extreme Weather within the Context of Climate Change -- Messaging Emergencies in the Extreme Weather-Climate Change Connections -- Some Ideas to Move Forward -- Keep Scientific Observation and Modeling Capacity Robust -- Learn from Best Practices in Regional or Stakeholder Efforts.

Min Hyoung Song articulates a climate change-centered reading practice that foregrounds how literature, poetry, and essays help us to better grapple with our everyday encounters with climate change.

Climate change is the biggest threat humanity faces. So big, in fact, that it is sometimes hard to know what each of us, as individuals, can do to counter it. Climate Solutions details the challenges, lays out the solutions and shows you which ones you can make part of your life. Written by experts at the EU climate bank, each chapter helps you figure out what you can do in areas that range from how you get around to what you eat, from protecting our oceans and rivers to ensuring that your digital devices do not damage the environment.

In the late 2000s climate action became a defining feature of the international political agenda. Evidence of global warming and accelerating greenhouse gas emissions created a new sense of urgency and, despite consensus on the need for action, the growing failure of international climate policy engendered new political space for social movements. By 2007 a 'climate justice' movement was surfacing and developing a strong critique of existing official climate policies and engaging in new forms of direct action to assert the need for reduced extraction and burning of fossil fuels. Climate Action Upsurge offers an insight into this important period in climate movement politics, drawing on the perspectives of activists who were directly engaged in the mobilisation process. Through the interpretation of these perspectives the book illustrates important lessons for the climate movement today. In developing its examination of the climate action upsurge, the book focuses on individual activists involved in direct action 'Climate Camps' in Australia, while drawing comparisons and highlighting links with climate campaigns in other locales. The book should be of interest to scholars and researchers in climate change, environmental sociology, politics, policy and activism.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Climate System -- 3 Climate Controls over Ecosystems -- 4 Ecosystem Feedbacks and Interactions with Climate -- 5 Modeling the Future -- 6 Summary and Concluding Thoughts -- Glossary -- References -- Index