Suchergebnisse

The complexity and enormity of land tenure problems permeate nearly every phase of Cuba's economic and social life. Basic to an intelligent approach toward solution of Cuba's complex agro-economic problems is an understanding of the evolution of land tenure. The economic and social matrix of the system of land monopoly in Cuba is found in the colony within the Spanish Empire. The Captain General and the Royal audience had the sole right to grant land. Scanty knowledge of local conditions, however, led to the practice of Cuban municipal governments granting crown lands, even though this practice was not sanctioned by law. The legal right of municipal governments to grant lands was verified by the Ordenozas Municipales, issued as a Royal Order in 1578 and withdrawn in 1729, by which time titles to land granted were most confused. Tobacco culture and cattle ranching contested for land control during the 16th and 17th cents. Dating from 1763 sugar culture in Cuba progressed rapidly and there emerged a great variety of operating systems for sugar cultivation on latifundos. Approximately 75% of the tillable land in Cuba is owned or under lease by a few sugar corporations and Cuban-owned cattle ranches. The present system of land taxation is but a slightly amended relic of the late 1800's. The powerful coalition of large landholders has thwarted all serious attempts to alter land tax laws. The constitution adopted in 1940 contains sections designed for improvement of the island's agricultural economy. L. Jones.

During this two year period, race relations have worsened. In Kenya the Mau Mau movement started. It is particularly anti-European and anti-Christian. One major cause for its appearance is the belief among the natives that the soil was alienated for European agricultural colonization. The second factor is represented by the social modifications brought about by the whites. The population has increased very quickly, and one solution to this problem is in the development of the economic resources of Occidental Africa. The problem of race relations is also acute in Bechuanaland because of the marriage of the chief's heir to a white woman. In the United Kingdom itself there are about 10,000 students and 40,000 colored workers and no discrimination. In matters of health tuberculosis is one of the greatest problems of social medicine. Great progress has been made in the case of leprosy, but malaria is still the greatest health hazard. A new organization, the Aplied Nutrition Unit, has been established. It is concerned with medical and dietetic aspects of nutrition. In several regions a program of housing construction has been started. D. Bystryn.

34 pp. ; 24 cm ; Odb. z: Sprawy Morskie i Kolonialne, 1938, z. 4 ; Summ. fre. ; 34 s. ; 24 cm ; Odb. z: Sprawy Morskie i Kolonialne, 1938, z. 4 ; Streszcz. fr.