Suchergebnisse

Since the 1946 Constitution, the oversea countries dependent on France are subdivisions of the French Republic, which is a unitary state with one territory, one nationality for all inhabitants, one constitutional law, one legislature and one executive. However the overseas territories are distinct entities in law. Their citizens have now the right to vote and are represented in assemblies. Although the subjects of the trusteeships territories are not French nationals, they enjoy the same rights and liberties as if they did in fact have French nationality. (Author's abridged summary).

Recent industrial developments creed in. Belgian Africa a depopulation in rural areas of 1/4 of the population. To remedy this the government adopted the following measures: (1) bettering of professional requirements; (2) rise in the minimum wages; (3) control of the industrial enterprises; and (4) a bettering of rural areas. The buying power of the working class has increased. The system of familial allocation has to be changed since it presently works unsatisfactorily. Housing and medical facilities will be bettered. Saving accounts are encouraged. D. Bystryn.

The question of the econ balance sheet of the colonies, which is as old as colonization itself, has been made more acute since WWU by nationalist revolts & the consequences which these have had on the evolution of the overseas territories' statuses, & by the need for tremendous investments in order to realize the value of this region. The emphasis today is not upon markets but upon the need for capital. The balance sheet is not easily drawn up because of the intermeshing of the economies of these territories with that of France (the existence of a double & equally important circuit of trade, from France to Africa & from Africa to France, demonstrates this point) & the temptation to establish 2 types of reasoning, one for the benefit of the French & the other for the benefit of the Africans. The only conclusion can be that, from the econ viewpoint, what matters is not the maintenance of French sovereignty but the keeping of these areas within the French areas. Tr from IPSA by J. A. Broussard.

The adaptation of pol'al sci to the existing African pol'al situation is not easy since that situation is extremely complex. It is best to analyze this situation in depth & to view it in 3 diff forms: (1) under its traditional aspect which appears in a singular diversification of forms (societies whose pol'al aspects are joined to kinship groupings, those whose clan systems & lineages are the framework for pol'al life, those where other systems are the basis of pol'al action, & finally, those which exist as pol'al entities); (2) under its colonial aspect with its own peculiarities (the change in pol'al structure, the joining together of 2 admin'tions, the destruction of the traditional authorities, econ & cultural intervention); & (3) under its post-colonial aspect with its problems (the difficulties of integrating the pre-colonial past with the colonial past, the difficulty of adapting to modern pol'al & admin'tive life). In making use of ethnological & sociol'al studies, pol'al sci can effectively study 2 aspects of present day African politics: the pol'al parties & the pol'al doctrines or ideoloeies. Tr from IPSA by J. A. Broussard.