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For a single-winner multi-candidate election, it is broadly accepted that the Condorcet candidate (if one exists) should win. Voting systems do not always elect the Condorcet winner. Public opinion polls are not generally designed to try to identify a Condorcet candidate. They could easily be constructed to do so, however. The resulting process may be called Condorcet polling, for which various designs are presented herein. Information from Condorcet polling may enable some voters, under a plurality or runoff system, to bring about an outcome they prefer by voting strategically for the Condorcet candidate when they would not otherwise do so. Adapted from the source document.

"Nicolas de Condorcet (1743-1794), the innovating founder of mathematical thinking in politics, was the last great philosophe of the French Enlightenment and a central figure in the early years of the French Revolution. His political writings give a compelling vision of human progress across world history and express the hopes of that time in the future perfectibility of man. This volume contains a revised translation of 'The Sketch', written while in hiding from the Jacobin Terror, together with lesser-known writings on the emancipation of women, the abolition of slavery, the meanings of freedom and despotism and reflections on revolutionary violence. The introduction by Steven Lukes and Nadia Urbinati sets these works in context and shows why Condorcet is of real interest today as we reinterpret the meaning of Enlightenment, the very idea of progress and the founding ideas of social democracy"--Provided by publisher

t.1. Biographie de Condorcet, correspondance, et oeuvres divreses. --t.2-3. Éloges. -- t.4-6. Mélanges de litérature et de philosophie. --t.7-10. Économie politique et politique. --t.11-12. Politique. ; Mode of access: Internet.

t. 1. Biographie de Condorcet, correspondance, et oeuvres divreses -- t. 2-3. Éloges -- t. 4-6. Mélanges de litérature et de philosophie -- t. 7-10. Économie politique et politique -- t. 11-12. Politique. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Using thermometer score data from the ANES, we show that while there may have been no clear-cut Condorcet winner among the 2016 US presidential candidates, there appears to have been a Condorcet loser: Donald Trump. Thus the surprise is that the electorate preferred not only Hillary Clinton, but also the two "minor" candidates, Gary Johnson and Jill Stein, to Trump. Another surprise is that Johnson may have been the Condorcet winner. A minimal normative standard for evaluating voting systems is advanced, privileging those systems that select Condorcet winners if one exists, and critiquing systems that allow the selection of Condorcet losers. A variety of voting mechanisms are evaluated using the 2016 thermometer scores: Condorcet voting, plurality, Borda, (single winner) Hare, Coombs, range voting, and approval voting. We conclude that the essential problem with the existing voting procedure—Electoral College runoff of primary winners of two major parties—is that it (demonstrably) allows the selection of a Condorcet loser.

Edited by Maire Louise Sophie de Grouchy, marquise de Condorcet. ; (cont.)t.12. Lettres [1., 2., 3., 4.] d'un bourgeois de New Heaven à un citoyen de Virginie. Lettres [1., 2.] d'un citoyen des États-Units, à un Français. Sentitments d'un Républicain, sur les assemblées provinciales et les états-généraux. Idées sur le despotisme. Déclaration des droits. Lettres [1., 2., 3.] d'un Gentilhomme à MM. du Tiersétat. Réflexions sur les pouvoirs, et instructions à donner par les provinces à leurs d́eputés aux États-généraux.--t.13-14. Sur les Assemblées provinciales.--t.15. Sur les formes des élections, etc.--t.16-18. [Discours politiques]--t.19. Lettre d'un laboureur de Picardie, à M. N***. Mémoire sur le canal de Picardie. Réflexions sur les Corvées. Monopole et monopoleur. Réflexions sur le commerce des blés.--t.20-21. [Discours sur les monnaies] ; t.1-4. Éloges.--t.5. Vie de M. Turgot.--t.6-7. Vie de Voltaire.--t.8. Esquisse d'un tableau historique des progrès de l'esprit humain.--t.9. Sur l'instruction publique.--t.10. Lettres, Discours, etc.--t.11. Réflexions sur la jurisprudence criminelle. Résponse au plaidoyer de M. d'E . dans l'affaire du comte de Lally. Réflexions sur l'esclavage des Nègres. Réflexions d'un citoyen non gradué, sur un procès très-connu. De l'influence de la révolution de l'Amerique sur l'Europe. ; Mode of access: Internet.