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Word messages had more impact than pictures but both iconicity and sensationalism related to evaluative-ethical and interest-virality ratings

This research focuses on analyzing coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine by using theory of connotative meaning from Leech as the grand theory and from Hook as the supporting theory. The focus is on two kinds of connotative meaning, namely, positive and negative connotative meaning. The objectivities of this research are to find out and to explain the use of negative and connotative meaning. The research is qualitative by which helps the researcher to describe the data being studied. In analyzing qualitative data, there are various kinds of methods, including qualitative content analysis. The use of a qualitative content analysis in this research is to know, to describe, and to analyze the use of connotative meaning applied in Tempo English magazine, April 14, 2020 edition. The result of this research is that Tempo English magazine uses many connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions. There are 15 expressions as negative connotative meaning and 12 expressions as positive connotative meaning. The findings indicates that the use negative connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine are associated with threats in economy sector and associated with inappropriate government policies in an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19 as well as the impact of pandemic in many sectors. Besides, the use positive connotative meaning of coronavirus impact expressions in Tempo English magazine are associated with solutions to avoid spread of Covid-19 as well as solutions to avoid the impact of pandemic, and associated with the government's responsibility and seriousness in dealing with preventing the spread of coronavirus as well as in dealing with the impact of coronavirus. Keywords: semantics; connotative meaning; coronavirus impact

This research studies about connotative meaning that found in journalistic language. The aims of this research are to explain the connotative meaning and to find out the kinds of connotative meaning of journalistic language on Tribunews online.com (Politics Issues) which the result concluded based on Leech's (1981) and Parera's (2004) theories.The method that used in this research is descriptive – qualitative method which is all data analyzed in non-statistical. The data is analyzed through referential technique which is the tool device is outside. In this research, the writer do not involved in the appearance the data, the writer only becomes observers and does the research by downloading and classify the news articles about politic which contain connotative meaning. The results of this research showed that each use of connotative meaning in writing journalistic language can stimulate the reader's feeling, either stimulate positive or negative stimulation. The writer found mostly the using of connotative is negative connotation which can be seen there are 11 negative connotations and 7 positive connotations of 18 data consist of words and phrases. Keyword: Connotative Meaning, Journalistic Language, and Politic Issues.

This paper is a comparative study composed of four studies conducted between 1997 and 2015. The authors examine the connotative meaning of politically relevant concepts in 18-19 years old students from various types of secondary schools. The connotative meaning is an additional, emotionally colored meaning of words, and this coloration originates from the social environment and the spirit of the times. Therefore, with the changes of this meaning it is possible to follow the changes of dominant social values and social climate. The sample consisted of a total of 750 students assessing the following concepts, at four time points (sub-samples at these points were balanced in terms of socio-demographic characteristics): nation, nationalism, socialism, leader, democracy, peace, left, right, present and future. Each of the concepts is examined by Ozgud's scale of semantic differential, through 12 opposing pairs of adjectives like bad - good or worthless - worthy. The results showed considerable variation in both: 12 adjective pairs on each single concept at a single point in time - giving a more subtle profile of meaning than in case of a general assessment of the concepts - and over time. The variations over the years give indications of a change in social climate and values, at least in the generation of young people, in these turbulent two decades in Serbia.

U ovom radu pokušali smo da utvrdimo konotativno značenje nekih relevantnih političkih pojmova, kao što su: demokratija, nacija, levica, nacionalizam, itd. i da uporedimo dobijene rezultate sa sličnim istraživanjem obavljenim pre osam godina (1997.). Ovi pojmovi često se upotrebljavaju u snažnim emocionalnim kontekstima, pa se, najčešće procesom emocionalnog uslovljavanja, pojačava njihov afektivni nivo značenja. Preko ovog značenja možemo utvrditi i stavove prema ispitivanim pojmovima. Stoga, ovakvim upoređivanjem možemo utvrditi i uticaj važnih događaja i društvenih promena uopšte na promene stavova. Uzorak je činio 171 učenik završnih razreda beogradskih srednjih škola (identičnih onima iz 1997.), a kao instrument korišćena je Ozgudova skala semantičkog diferencijala, adaptirana za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Rezultati pokazuju da su konotativna značenja nekih pojmova ostala ista (socijalizam, nacionalizam, desnica, sadašnjost i budućnost), a da je kod drugih došlo do manjih (demokratija) ili značajnih promena (nacija, vođa, mir, levica i prošlost). Osim kada je reč o vođi i levici, promene su u evaluativnom smislu negativne, što upućuje na zaključak da je došlo do izvesnog razočaranja nakon prevelikih očekivanja posle promena od 2000. Rezultati su specifikovani i po nezavisnim varijablama, kao što su: vrsta škole, pol, autoritarnost, ocena važnosti pripadnosti sopstvenoj naciji, da li su ispitanici i njihove porodice tranzicijski gubitnici ili dobitnici, itd. Ukazano je da evaluativna dimenzija u konotativnom značenju ne izražava samo stav već i druge emocije i stanja: anksioznost, zabrinutost, osećaj nesigurnosti. ; In this paper, we have tried to ascertain connotative meaning of some relevant political concepts, like: democracy, nation, political left and right, nationalism, etc. and to compare obtained results with a similar research conducted eight years ago (1997.) Those concepts are used in strong emotional contexts, and consequently level of their affective meaning often become stronger by process of emotional conditioning. It is possible to ascertain attitudes toward examined concepts by using this kind of meaning. Therefore, it is possible to ascertain influence of important events and social changes to attitude changes, by such kind of comparation. The sample consisted of 171 subjects, fourth year students of Belgrade's high schools (the same as in 1997.), and adapted Osgood scale of semantic differential was an instrument. Results show that cognitive meaning of some concepts stayed unchanged (socialism, nationalism, political right, present and future), and others had minor (democracy) or more significant changes (nation, leader, peace, left, past). Evaluative changes are negative except in case of leader and left. This could be understand as a kind of disappointment after great expectations after 2000. changes. Results are specified by independent variables, too. They include: type of school, sex, authoritarianism, importance of national belongings, are subjects and their families transitional losers or gainers, etc. It has also pointed out that evaluative dimension of connotative meaning does not express only attitude, but also other emotions and states: anxiety, care, insecure feelings.