This article is devoted to the analysis of historical researches of the policy of Christianization of people of Volga region in XVIII- XIX centuries by a contemporary American historian Paul William Werth (Paul William Werth). The historian in his researches shows difficult complex of relationships between central, regional and religious authorities in the formation of religious policy in the region. ; Статья посвящена анализу исторических исследований политики христианизации народов Поволжья в XVIII-XIX вв. современного американского историка Пола Вильяма Верта. Историк в своих исследованиях показывает сложный комплекс взаимоотношений между центральной, местной и духовными властями в формировании религиозной политики в регионе.
Most important fundamental problems of the economy functioning on the contemporary stage have been exposed and ways to their decision have been proposed in the article. Necessary structure transformations in the economy of the Republic of Belarus have been considered, too. The clear definition of main priorities in the national economical transformation and its integration into the world economical system as well as implementation of the step-by-step innovation development of commodities and services production in aims to provide long-term high-level competitiveness of the country are the most important tasks now. Significance of the Belarusian science role in the innovative economy creation and system measures on the economical politics correction have been emphasized in the article along with their role in improvements of the Union State and Eurasian Economicl Union legislation.
На основании архивных документов дается характеристика боевого и численного состава объединений, соединений и частей Крымского фронта, сформированного в конце января – феврале 1942 г.; обобщены сведения по сухопутным войскам и военно-воздушным силам этого фронта, а также упомянуты мероприятия по совершенствованию воинских структур. The article provides analysis of the combat strength of the associations, formations and units of the Crimean Front, formed in late January – February 1942 and summarizes information on ground forces and air forces of this front/ The article also points out the measures to improve military structures. ; Tkachenko S. N. Combat strength of the Crimean Front forces during its formation (January-February 1942) / Tkachenko S. N. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – No. Series B: Modern and Contemporary history. – Sevastopol: Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2017. – P. 58–64.
Krashovani are the Catholic Slavic language minority settled in the region of Romanian Banat. They live in seven villages: Karashevo, Clocotici, Lupac, Nermet, Vodnic, Rafnic and Iabalcea, however, the last one represents an untypical case from the linguists' point of view, the habitants usually communicate in Romanian, though they continue to declare themselves Krashovani. Time and reason of possible switch have not been clarified yet, as well as the Krashovanis' ethnogenesis and detailed history. The most popular scientific theories attach them to Serbians or Croatians. Although their archaic idiom contains more features of Kosovo-Resava or Prizren-Timok dialect areas, recently the locals have started to define themselves as Croatians, mainly due to the influences of the Catholic church and modern Croatian cultural politics. In this paper based on the results of our fieldwork in Karashevo, we analyze some particularities of the contemporary ethnolinguistic situation there, paying special attention to the actual state of both Slavic and Romanian idioms used in this microregion. ; Krashovani are the Catholic Slavic language minority settled in the region of Romanian Banat. They live in seven villages: Karashevo, Clocotici, Lupac, Nermet, Vodnic, Rafnic and Iabalcea, however, the last one represents an untypical case from the linguists' point of view, the habitants usually communicate in Romanian, though they continue to declare themselves Krashovani. Time and reason of possible switch have not been clarified yet, as well as the Krashovanis' ethnogenesis and detailed history. The most popular scientific theories attach them to Serbians or Croatians. Although their archaic idiom contains more features of Kosovo-Resava or Prizren-Timok dialect areas, recently the locals have started to define themselves as Croatians, mainly due to the influences of the Catholic church and modern Croatian cultural politics. In this paper based on the results of our fieldwork in Karashevo, we analyze some particularities of the contemporary ethnolinguistic situation there, paying special attention to the actual state of both Slavic and Romanian idioms used in this microregion.
В статье изучено социально-экономическое развитие Новороссийского края в конце XVIII века: сельское хозяйство, торговля, промышленность. Автор приходит к выводу, что Новороссия к 90-м годам XVIII века стала наиболее динамично развивающимся регионом Российской империи, в первую очередь за счет роста сельского хозяйства, внешней и внутренней торговли. The article explores the issues of socio-economic development of the Novorossiya territory at the end of the 18th century. The author studies agriculture, trade and industry of the territory and comes to the conclusion that by 1890s Novorossiya became the most dynamically developing region of Russia first of all due to the rise of agriculture, foreign and domestic trade. ; Bichakov S. A. Novorossiya in the late 18th century: socio-economic aspect / Bichakov S. A. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – Series B : Modern and Contemporary History. – 2018. – No XXIV (XI). – P. 6–10.
Contemporary society conceptualizes itself mainly around the problems of economics and politics (in the aspect of geopolitics). Many prominent researchers emphasize the increasing role of socio-cultural factors in present-day society, but this is not reflected in models of modern society. The concept of rejuvenating society gives priority to the factor of the subjectivity of people who form this society. This means that the cultural component becomes not only important, but also the main one in the society that is called rejuvenating. ; Современное общество концептуализируется главным образом вокруг проблем экономики и политики (в аспекте геополитики). Многими видными исследователями подчеркивается возрастающая роль социокультурных факторов в современном обществе, но это не нашло отражения в моделях современного общества. Концепция молодеющего общества на первое место ставит фактор субъектности людей, формирующих это общество, а значит, культурная составляющая становится не только важной, но и главной в обществе, которое названо молодеющим.
The ongoing turbulence in global politics has been accompanied by calls to shift the current order of international relations from a rules-based world towards a multipolar system rooted in international law. Political leaders and commentators, primarily of Russian origin, have often referred to those initiatives as a moral revolution in the current world order. This paper examines the theological and philosophical background behind the ideas that support such a change. The discussion argues that these proposals, though they sound revolutionary, echo the Abrahamic principles of international dialogue drafted by medieval Christian theologians, Reformation thinkers, and Jewish and Islamic religious philosophers. The account stresses that contemporary adherents of the replacement of the rules-based world do not openly refer to religious doctrines. However, the core tenets of the suggested reforms align well with those earlier ethical principles. This conclusion is purely scholarly and contributes to the history of ideas.
В статье изучена история деятельности Центра Разумкова на Украине в конце 1990-х – начале 2000-х годов. Рассмотрена деятельность неправительственных организаций (НПО) и, в частности, Центра Разумкова, которые повлияли на избрание Украиной евро-атлантического вектора во внешней политике, тем самым, содействуя доведению страны до состояния гражданской войны. Исследование истории деятельности Центра Разумкова предпринимается впервые. The article discusses the history of the Razumkov Foundation in Ukraine in the late 1990s – early 2000s. The activities of nongovernmental agencies, and the Razumkov Foundation in particular, contributed to Ukraine choosing Euro-Atlantic vector in foreign policy which plunged the country into civil war. This research is the first one into the history of activities of the Razumkov Foundation. ; Solodkii V. A. The Razumkov Foundation as an instrument of the West's «soft power» policy in Ukraine / Solodkii V. A. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – No. Series B: Modern and Contemporary history. – Sevastopol: Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2017. – P. 53–57.
В статье на материалах Севастополя рассматривается реализация плана электрификации (ГОЭЛРО), который стал первым перспективным планом развития народного хозяйства СССР. Электрификация Севастополя была признана проектом государственной важности и стала частью плана «А ГОЭЛРО», который сводился к восстановлению разрушенного энергетического хозяйства страны. Данное исследование посвящено анализу этапов электрификации города, сложностям, с которыми пришлось столкнуться, и основным итогам этой работы. The article considers implementation of the Electrification of Russia (GOELRO) plan in Sevastopol. GOELRO was the first long-term plan of the USSR economic development. Electrification of Sevastopol was recognized as a project of national importance and became a part of the "A GOELRO" plan which was aimed at restoration of destroyed power economy of the country. The research analyses the stages of city electrification, difficulties in its implementation and the main results. ; Iurchenko V. S. Implementation of the GOELRO plan in Sevastopol in 1921–1925 / Iurchenko V. S. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – No. Series B: Modern and Contemporary history. – Sevastopol: Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2017. – P. 65–68.
The paper discusses different forms and means of lexical meaning representation in quotidian and impromptu lexicography, as well as common and different trends in word meaning interpretation within different subdivisions of folk lexicography. By quotidian lexicography we understand the results of metalinguistic activity stimulated by associative priming experiments with pre-established lexicographic parameters. Studying folk lexicography that is thriving in the Wikilexia project allows for demonstrating all aspects of lexical meaning in its daily functioning. Impromptu lexicography, ubiquitous in contemporary journalism, sheds light on the means of interpreting new words and represents different communicative strategies employed by writers and readers, especially when dealing with interpreting words related to politics. In fiction, impromptu lexicography often shows the difference between thesauri of interlocutors and ways of overcoming communication breakdowns. Dictionary form as employed in contemporary literature also incorporates elements of quotidian and impromptu lexicography. ; В статье рассматриваются различные формы и способы представления семантики слова вобыденной и стихийной лексикографии. Обыденная лексикография представляет результаты метаязыковой деятельности испытуемых, реализуемой в процессе ассоциативного эксперимента по заданным лексикографами параметрам. «Народная лексикография», осуществляемая в проекте «Викилексия», даёт возможность объемно представить все аспекты семантики слова в живом функционировании. Стихийная лексикография, особенно характерная для современной публицистики, демонстрирует формы освоения нового слова и представляет разные стратегии коммуникации автора и читателя. Особые очертания стихийная лексикография приобретает при интерпретации политической лексики. В художественной литературе стихийная лексикография особенно часто демонстрирует различия тезаурусов коммуникантов и способы преодоления коммуникативных неудач. Словарная форма, наблюдаемая в современной литературе, также использует элементы обыденной и стихийной лексикографии. В статье показаны сходства и различия в интерпретации семантики слова разными направлениями «народной» лексикографии.
The article examines some aspects of the influence of contemporary terrorism, national and international policies on human rights and freedoms. ; В статье исследуются некоторые аспекты проблемы влияния современного терроризма, государственной и международной политики на права и свободы человека. ; В статті досліджуються деякі аспекти впливу сучасного тероризму, державної й міжнародної політики на права та свободи людини.
В статье рассматриваются особенности российского промыслового дела на американских землях во второй половине XVIII в. В работе изучены факторы, влиявшие на промысел, в частности, на оскудение фауны и изменение политики российских мореплавателей по отношению к местным жителям. Установлено, что промысловики продвигались все дальше на восток с целью добычи мехов, а их количество зависело от характера взаимоотношений с аборигенами. This article discusses features of Russian fur hunting business on American lands in the second half of the 18th century. The factors influencing fur hunting have been studied in the article, particularly, depletion of fauna and changes in the policy of Russian navigators towards local residents. It has been established that fur hunters moved further to the east, and their number depended on the relationship between the Russians and the locals. ; Zhaleiko K. A. Tendencies of Russian fur hunting business on American lands in the second half of the 18th century / Zhaleiko K. A. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – No. Series B: Modern and Contemporary history. – Sevastopol: Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2017. – P. 6–9.
В статье раскрывается вклад военных специалистов царской армии, инженеров, гидрографов, штурманов, в организацию обороны Севастополя 1941–1942 гг. Выявленные персоналии и сведения об их участии в обороне города являются частью большого исследовательского проекта, посвященного малоизвестной теме использования опыта военспецов в становлении и военном строительстве на Черноморском флоте в 20–40-е гг. ХХ в. The article reveals the contribution of military specialists of the tsarist army, engineers, hydrographers, navigators, to the organization of the defense of Sevastopol in 1941–1942. Identified personalities and information about their participation in the defense of the city are a part of a large research project on a little-known topic of using the experience of military experts in the formation and military construction of the Black Sea Fleet in 1920-1940s. ; Ostrovskaya I. V. Use of experience of military experts in the organization of defense of Sevastopol in 1941 – 1942 / Ostrovskaya I. V. // // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – No. Series B: Modern and Contemporary history. – Sevastopol: Sevastopol Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2017. – P. 46–52.
В статье изучено развитие темы Крымской войны и обороны Севастополя (1854–1855 гг.) в исторической науке и общественно-политической жизни в 1930–1950-х годах. Благодаря анализу материалов периодики, художественного творчества, исторических и научно-популярных работ прослеживается процесс формирования и эволюции связи двух оборон Севастополя. Особое внимание уделяется их значению в формировании исторической памяти города-героя. The article deals with the evolution of the subject of Crimean war and the Defence of Sevastopol (1854–1855) in historical studies as well as in social and political life in 1930–1950. The process of formation and evolution of the ties between the two Defences of Sevastopol is explored through analysis of periodicals, works of art, historical and popular scientific works. Special attention is paid to their significance for creating historical memory of the hero city. ; Shapovalova N. V. «The heroes of the first defence stand together with the heroes the second one»: the motive of succession in Sevastopol's infosphere (1940–1950) / Shapovalova N. V. // The Black Sea region. History, politics, culture. – Series B : Modern and Contemporary History. – 2018. – No XXIV (XI). – P. 88–93.
The article is devoted to the specifics of the Omsk Regional Museum's activity in the height of political repression. The paper aims at characterizing the large exhibition, which was organized by this museum on the centenary of Alexander Pushkin's death. The author explains the particular representation of exhibition materials in the context of the Soviet state ideology and memory policy. Methodologically, the author relies on the works, known in the Western science as «memory studies». The paper deals with the principles of representing Russian history of the first third of the 19th century (Pushkin's era), and shows the process of creating the exhibition. The author also characterizes the visitors' perception the exhibition, their criticism and positive feedback. The author comes to the conclusion that this exhibition was very important for the state in terms of the processes ofindoctrination of the past. It diverted attention from political repression and was aimed at creating a negative perception of the country's history before the Soviet coming to power and a positive image of the contemporary situation in the public mind. ; Статья посвящена специфике работы Омского областного краеведческого музея в условиях разгара политических репрессий. Цель статьи – охарактеризовать масштабную выставку, устроенную музеем к столетию со дня гибели А. С. Пушкина. Автор объясняет особенности репрезентации выставочных материалов в контексте государственной идеологии и советской политики памяти. В методологическом отношении автор опирается на разработки, известные в западной науке, как «memorystudies». В статье рассмотрены принципы музейной репрезентации отечественной истории первой трети ХIХ в. («пушкинской эпохи»), процесс работы над созданием выставки. Также характеризуется восприятие выставки ее посетителями, их критические замечания и позитивные отзывы. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что эта выставка была очень важна для государства в контексте процессов идеологизации прошлого. Она отвлекала внимание населения от политических репрессий, была нацелена на формирование негативного восприятия истории страны до прихода к власти советов и позитивного образа современности в общественном мнении.
