Suchergebnisse

National defense, internal security, and public order in France; 4 articles. Roles of and cooperation between the police, gendarmerie, and the armed forces; international coordination against crime, terrorism, and other threats.

After a review of the literary theme of terrorism from its origin in the anarchist & nihilist movements of the mid-nineteenth century, the interweaving of intelligence & terrorism in spy novels of recent decades & the relationship of terrorism novels to hopes & fears regarding the USSR & the Middle East are explored. It is hoped that the success of authors such as John le Carre, Don DeLillo, David Ignatius, & Tom Clancy signals increased interest in carefully crafted books that have an espionage component & that pay serious attention to the politics of terrorism & the real world of counterterrorism. V. Wagener

Examines the religious traditions associated with Muslim suicidal terrorism, as a basis for developing effective counter-terrorist policies.

General characteristics, political aims and strategies, and government response to right-wing extremism and terrorism; since reunification, chiefly.

Examines the threat to the US, Germany, and other countries of terrorist attacks by fundamentalist Islamic groups; recommendations for counteraction; 2 articles. Contents: Protecting America, by Oliver Revell; Defending Germany's Constitution, by Klaus Grünewald. Some focus on groups backed by Iran, including Hizbullah and Hamas.

Analyzes global increase in religious and politically-motivated terrorism, Hindu and Muslim militants in India and the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in Turkey, and need for states to fight terrorism while upholding democratic values.

France's official response to terrorism in the forms of counterterrorist policy & actions is outlined, offering several examples from the 1970s & 1980s. Faced with diverse terrorist actions over this short period, France has worked out & considerably modified a policy for dealing with terrorism. Two main principles informed policy until 1980: domestic terrorism was considered subversion, & international terrorism was minimized (the "sanctuary doctrine"). After 1980, the sanctuary doctrine was increasingly abandoned due to its costliness & implementation difficulty. Likewise, the antisubversive policy was considered increasingly inadequate. Ensuing changes are described & explained, highlighting the actions carried out to modify French diplomacy regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization, Lebanon, Iran, & Iraq. Consequences to French institutions of changes in counterterrorism philosophy are also described. Adapted from the source document.

In March 1995, Japanese terrorists released nerve gas on the Tokyo subway, causing eleven deaths and more than 5,000 injuries. Although terrorists have sought to acquire chemical/biological (C/B) agents in the past, and a few have employed them on a small scale, the Tokyo attack was the first large-scale terrorist use of a lethal chemical agent against unarmed civilians, weakening a long-standing psychological taboo. This tragic incident has therefore drawn worldwide attention to the emerging threat of chemical/biological terrorism. Despite significant technical hurdles associated with the production and delivery of C/B agents, such weapons are within the reach of terrorist groups that possess the necessary scientific know-how and financial resources. This article proposes a C/B counterterrorism strategy based on preemption and civil defense, and recommends several short-term and longer-term policy options for mitigating this emerging threat.

A review article on a book by William D. Perdue, Terrorism and the State: A Critique of Domination through Fear (New York: Praeger, 1989 [see listing in IRPS No. 62]). This work rejects the mainstream paradigm that suggests the West is the victim of terrorism because of its openness & the envy of subversive external forces. For Perdue, a "regime terrorism" is the predominant form of terrorism, which is directed by leading Western states to mobilize the world's resources, using a variety of means to dominate through fear. Further, Perdue contends that terrorism is situated in an ongoing structure of power relations & in a history of domination & supremacist thought. It is suggested that Perdue provides a commendable account of the "selling" of terrorism, in which he describes how the media eagerly adopt the official identification of terrorists, confine the discussion to ways of meeting a self-evident terrorist threat, & ignore Western terrorism or transform it into "counterterrorism." However, an excessive pursuit of historic byways & of linguistic & ideological fine points weakens Perdue's argument. S. Millett