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Once the country believed itself to be the true face of Australia: sunburnt men and capable women raising crops and children, enduring isolation and a fickle environment, carrying the nation on their sturdy backs. For almost 200 years after white settlement began, city Australia needed the country: to feed it, to earn its export income, to fill the empty land, to provide it with distinctive images of the nation being built in the great south land. But Australia no longer rides on the sheep's back, and since the 1980s, when "economic rationalism" became the new creed, the country has felt aband

This paper represents an attempt, by sample survey, to assess the attitudes of the residents of a Queensland country town to city and country living. Responses to questions on a number of aspects of living suggest that country people see the city as economically advantageous to them, but that it is a 'cold', even hostile, place to live in. The country is relatively friendlier. The easy pace of country life, while its main asset, may be susceptible to a rapid growth policy of the 'selective decentralisation' type. This affords a dilemma for policymakers.

In contrast to the US, scholars of Latin America have not been shy about viewing agrarian life through a class lens. To the contrary, Latin Americanists have often seen class formation as a primarily rural process. This paper examines the uneven nature of and relationship between class formation, "industrialization," and "urbanization" by tracing the history of a single family: the Alvaros. It is a narrative that provides an interesting window into the central processes, forces, struggles, and events that have defined Ecuadorian as well as much of Latin American history during the twentieth century. It is, at the same time, a history that highlights the problematic nature of any analysis of class formation that (a) focuses solely on urban or rural life, (b) posits a smooth transition from one to the other (i.e. rural to urban), or (c) privileges the solitary male worker so familiar to labor studies. It is not simply the fact that members of the Alvaro family moved back and forth between city and country, a trait they share with many of their counterparts in the non-Western world. The reproduction of the family has, and continues to be, dependent on the relationships between family members living in small rural towns, regional centers, and Guayaquil, Ecuador's largest and most industrialized city-port. The family as a whole has always been—and needed to be in order to survive—simultaneously rural and urban. Like the Alvaro family, those of us interested in understanding class formation need to inhabit these multiple worlds simultaneously.

ABSTRACT:By looking at the spatial cultures of nineteenth-century provincial administrative towns in colonial Bengal, this article problematizes notions of city, town or country and their relationships. It looks at colonial provincial governance within a framework that extended far beyond 'formal' governmental administrative spaces and thus engages with the complex overlap between categories like work, home and leisure. It argues that provincial urbanism in colonial Bengal defied clear-cut categories and in effect created a 'fluid' spatial culture, which was distinct from, but also calibrated between, metropolitan centres on the one hand and a vast rural hinterland on the other.

The aim of the present article is an analysis of the consequences of using the Olympic Games by host cities to build their own image. The article presents the issues related to the image of a territorial unit and an analysis of political and economic results of the sport events organized in Berlin (1936) and Beijng (2008). ; The aim of the present article is an analysis of the consequences of using the Olympic Games by host cities to build their own image. The article presents the issues related to the image of a territorial unit and an analysis of political and economic results of the sport events organized in Berlin (1936) and Beijng (2008).

The aim of the present article is an analysis of the consequences of using the Olympic Games by host cities to build their own image. The article presents the issues related to the image of a territorial unit and an analysis of political and economic results of the sport events organized in Berlin (1936) and Beijng (2008). ; The aim of the present article is an analysis of the consequences of using the Olympic Games by host cities to build their own image. The article presents the issues related to the image of a territorial unit and an analysis of political and economic results of the sport events organized in Berlin (1936) and Beijng (2008).

18. yüzyıldan itibaren Osmanlı Devleti'nde başlayan modernleşme hareketleri Cumhuriyet dönemine geçişte de devam etmektedir. Tanzimat Döneminden başlayan kamusal alandaki kurumsal, yapısal değişimler -süreklilik ve kopukluk bağlamında- ve reformlar erken Cumhuriyet dönemi (1923-1938) süresince yapılan kentsel planlamanın öncüsü niteliğindedir. Kemalist ideoloji ile planlanan kent ve taşra ile ulusal kimlik vatandaşlık inşasını kamusal alan üzerinden kurmaktadır. Siyasal, toplumsal, ekonomik eğilimlerle kurgulanan kent mekanı üretilmekte ve bu mekanın zihinsel çağrışım üretme çabası Kemalist ideoloji ile örtüşmektedir. Kemalist ideolojiyi somutlaştırıp dünyevileştirmektedir. Bu noktalardan hareketle çalışmanın amacı, Kemalist ideolojinin ortaya çıkmaya başlamasıyla birlikte, tüm alanlarda yaşanan değişimlerin, ideoloji ile bağlantılı olarak kentlere nasıl yansıdığını ortaya koymaktır. Dolayısıyla, Kemalizm'in kent kurgusu ile somutlaştırılarak, kamusal hayatın içine -tamamen- nasıl yerleştirildiği ve Kemalizm'in kent psikolojisine etkisi incelenmektedir.

"Adult and child readers will learn all about urban and rural areas together in this new Co-reader from National Geographic Kids! Readers will take a tour through cities and rural areas around the world to learn what life is like downtown, in a farm community, in the mountains, and all around"--