Suchergebnisse

Through the cultural lens of California's Inland Empire, India, and Italy, this dissertation explores how creditor-debtor relationships translate into literature, film, media, and space. Raising key questions about the moral and monetary values that shape creditor-debtor relationships, I discuss in detail the histories and processes that shape and inform both creditors and debtors. I argue that from the emphasis on the debtor's guilt and punishment in previous scholarly investigations of the creditor-debtor relationship, debtors have taken on the burden of unethical credit schemes manufactured on behalf of the free market's health. Divided into five chapters, this project addresses different aspects of the creditor-debtor relationship. With an analysis of student debt the preface and the introduction illustrate how the creditor-debtor relationship is shaped by the sovereignty of the economy such that the health of the economy becomes more significant than the well-being of people and the environment. The introduction also exposes the creditor's fear of the potential capitalist and the limitations that the industrial-complex imposes on the creditor-debtor relationship. 'Geographies of Debt' focuses on California's prison industrial complex in order to examine how the capitalist's debt that develops from surplus-value is negated through prison labor and the southern trope. "Dancing to Debt" investigates how Bollywood's investment in making Pakistanis the guilty and punishable subject has developed alongside various modes of accumulation by dispossession that seemingly favor a Hindu nationalist political agenda, but have, in turn, made all brown bodies vulnerable to the terrorist trope and the military industrial complex. "Protesting Moral Debt" illustrates how the farmer suicides that have plagued India's agrarian community for the last two decades are indicative of their moral debts to the land, the perennial creditor, and not, as popular media suggests, their monetary debts to various moneylenders, which debunks the authority of market fundamentalist discourse. Lastly, through an analysis of Italian neorealist cinema, "The Pleasure of Debt" reveals the effects of the pleasure creditor's take in imposing suffering on the debtor and, likewise, the pleasure poor communities take in witnessing the decadence of elite culture.

This brief rapid response article suggests a few ways in which modern competitive sport and large-scale sport events have developed in line with the logic of (late) capitalist modernity. It considers the impact of the credit crunch for recent trends in sport and suggests that the sociological study of sport faces the same concerns as other sociological domains of interest during the current economic conditions whilst having its own specific public issues and private troubles to consider.

Introduction: a golden pendulum -- Context for credit : a setting at the source of the Nile -- Three faces of the loan : charity, usury-- and fantasy -- Plans and dreams : an integrated approach on paper -- Lenders and lineages : nepotism as loyalty -- Untying a package deal : borrowing green revolution technology -- Debts and dodges : the moral and the hazard in repayment -- In a white elephant's shadow : reversal and repetition -- Wildfire : tobacco contract farming -- Self-help and the underground : individual incentive and the group guarantee -- Self-help with help : banking between charity and usury -- Crossing back : rethinking credit between cultures

Relevance. The article notes that usury can pose a threat not only to public morality, but also to state security. Meanwhile, in Russia, interest-bearing lending has become a significant part of banking activity, and loans are often imposed on citizens. This article is devoted to the norms of bank lending, which are studied in the context of religious cultures. Purpose. Due to the fact that the phenomena of social and economic life are especially useful in accordance with the norms of culture, it is proposed to explore such ways of development of the banking sector of the economy, in which they would be consistent with the principles of traditional culture, which are expressed in world religions, primarily Christianity and Islam. The objectives of the article correlate with its purpose and suggest identifying ways to eliminate usury and replace it with more effective means of developing banking business. Methodology. The methodological basis of this article is the dialectical unity of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The comparative method is also used. Results. It is emphasized that usury is considered a serious sin in both Christianity and Islam. Using the example of the banking system in Iran, the article suggests mechanisms for bringing the principles of lending to business projects in accordance with ethical and religious canons. In a sense, these canons correspond to the principles of the socialist economy and are consistent with the norms of the welfare state. Conclusions. The main idea of the article is that banks abandon usurious activities and invest capital in projects, from the net profit of which they also have a certain income. In this case, the bank itself is interested in the success of the business in which it invests funds. Accordingly, with this approach, the level of risks is significantly reduced and doing business acquires real partnership foundations.

This article draws on fieldwork carried out in a Guaraní‐speaking community in the Bolivian Chaco – Isoso – between 1997 and 2000. At the time, some Isoseño people were employed in urban‐headquartered projects that revolved around Isoso's environment, culture, or identity and that were funded multilaterally by grants, loans, or other foreign aid. The article describes a set of fantastic discourses circulating in rural Isoso that seem to compare a magical place called Salamanca to the city where some Isoseño people now work. The article argues that these Salamanca discourses are an Isoseño‐specific way of talking about a general set of unprecedented processes. It takes up the fact that undertakings of the kind in which the Isoseño are involved create new calibrations among radically different systems for moral/qualitative and material/ quantitative evaluation which can most 'economically' be expressed in terms of credit and debt. Finally, it considers why it is that for all their strange magic, Isoseño 'Salamanca and the city' discourses put an extremely recognizable suite of moral considerations at their centre.