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"The author proposes a dual conceptualization of violent crime. Since violent crime is both violence and crime, theories of aggression and deviance are required to understand it. He argues that both harm-doing and rule breaking are instrumental behaviors and that a bounded rational choice approach can account for both behaviors. However, while some of the causes of harm-doing and deviance (and violent and nonviolent crime) are the same, some are different. Theories of crime and deviance cannot explain why one only observes individual and group differences in violent crime and theories of aggression and violence cannot explain why one observes differences in all types of crimes. Such theories are 'barking up the wrong tree'." (author's abstract)

"Today, organized crime is affecting every segment of our society. It is a disease which infects everything that comes into contact with it. It is an insult added to every law-abiding citizen. It is high time our governments made a note and, moreover, took immediate action. Perhaps tomorrow will be late." Organized crime is a form of criminality manifestation, perhaps its most specific type. It is a phenomenon that causes horror as much as wonder about the way it works and, at the same time, a sort of lure for its mystery and the particular way of comprehension. For years and years it has inspired volumes of writing, plenty of which have become best-sellers, or have produced blockbusters, arousing amazing mass interest. That is because criminal organizations and their activity have been to society both a tangible everyday reality and a remote thing, beyond comprehension. Many authors have researched into organized crime and criminal organizations, pointing out their characteristics and specifics. They attribute such features to it as a perpetual connection of many people engaged in criminal activity, an organizational hierarchy with a great power of the leaders, the domination of rule and order, discipline and responsibility among the members, imposed solidarity, maintaining the secrecy of activity and of the organization, and the international character of their activity. Unfortunately, there are a large number of worldwide notorious criminal organizations. Over time, they have been discovered and studied by various criminologists, who have managed to provide sufficient information on the specific features of each of them, the activities on which they focus and the territories in which they operate. But what means should we use in order to face organized crime today? It is necessary that differentiated strategies be studied according to the type of the mafia organization against which a concrete operation is to be launched. The strategy should also be coordinated not only in national level but also internationally, because the international character of organized crime is already an established fact.

This book provides an introduction to state crime, with a particular focus on the UK.

Intro -- ORGANIZED CRIME: CHALLENGES, TRENDS AND REDUCTION STRATEGIES -- ORGANIZED CRIME: CHALLENGES, TRENDS AND REDUCTION STRATEGIES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 ORGANIZED CRIME: AN EVOLVING CHALLENGE FOR U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT* -- Summary -- Introduction -- Conceptualizing Organized Crime -- Agency Definitions -- Hazy Boundaries -- Statutory Definition -- Organized Crime Adapting to Globalization -- Borders as Opportunity -- Copycats and Smugglers -- Counterfeiting and Piracy -- Auto Theft Rings -- Human Smuggling and Trafficking -- Drug Trafficking -- Money Laundering -- Organized Crime and Technological Change -- Mass Marketing Fraud -- Technology Transforms Advance Fee Fraud (AFF) -- Cyberspace, Electronic Information, and Organized Crime -- Online Identity Theft and Sophisticated Credit Card Fraud -- Organized Retail Crime and Online Fencing -- Bulk Narcotics Smuggling and Technology -- Cross-Border Tunnels -- Exploitation of Ethnic Diaspora Communities -- Changing Structures -- Network Models -- Blurring of Forms -- Advantage: Networks Challenge Law Enforcement -- Disadvantage: Networks Have Exploitable Weaknesses -- Corruption -- "Ground-Level" Exploitation of Private Businesses -- Big Business and Organized Criminals -- Corruption of Public Officials -- Organized Crime, a "National Security" and "Public Security" Concern -- Issues -- Revisiting the Organized Crime Definition -- Congressional Commission -- Incentives for Investigating Organized Crime -- Coordination of Domestic Efforts -- National Strategy to Combat Organized Crime -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE UNITED STATES: TRENDS AND ISSUES FOR CONGRESS* -- Summary -- Introduction -- Definitions of Organized Crime -- Statutory Definition -- Background -- Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act -- The Organized Crime Control Act and RICO

Investigating the countless crimes that have bedevilled Islington throughout its history, this book explores the area's transformation from idyllic village and middle-class pleasure ground, to unfashionable region of urban poverty, before its renaissance after the ravages of the Second World War. Here are the exploits of legendary highwayman Dick Turpin in Holloway. 'Brides in the Bath' killer George Joseph Smith, wife-murderer Dr Crippen, and teh crime gangs of Clerkenwell. Brimming with tales of street robbery, bigamy, fraud, martyrdom and terrorism, other less famous crimes are also in

Intro -- ORGANIZED CRIME: ASPECTS AND GLOBALIZED ELEMENTS -- ORGANIZED CRIME: ASPECTS AND GLOBALIZED ELEMENTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 ORGANIZED CRIME: AN EVOLVING CHALLENGE FOR U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- ORGANIZED CRIME ADAPTING TO GLOBALIZATION -- Borders and Organized Crime -- Copycats and Smugglers -- Drug Trafficking -- Money Laundering -- Organized Crime and Technological Change -- Mass Marketing Fraud -- Cyberspace, Electronic Information, and Organized Crime -- Online Identity Theft and Sophisticated Credit Card Fraud -- Organized Retail Crime and Online Fencing -- Bulk Narcotics Smuggling and Technology -- Cross-Border Tunnels -- Exploitation of Ethnic Diaspora Communities -- Changing Structures -- Network Models -- Corruption -- "Ground-Level" Exploitation of Private Businesses -- Big Business and Organized Criminals -- Corruption of Public Officials -- ORGANIZED CRIME, A "NATIONAL SECURITY" AND "PUBLIC SECURITY" CONCERN -- Conceptualizing Organized Crime -- Transnational Organized Crime Defined -- Statutory Definition -- ISSUES -- Defining Organized Crime in Statute -- Congressional Commission -- Incentives for Investigating Organized Crime -- Implementing the National Strategy to Combat TOC -- Coordination of Domestic Efforts -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- CHALLENGES IN DEFINING ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME -- Federal Definition -- OPERATION OF ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME GROUPS -- Targeted Products -- Methods Used by Boosters -- Employee Collusion -- Fraud Schemes -- Cargo Theft -- Methods Used by Fences -- Impact of Globalization and Technology -- DOMESTIC IMPACT OF ORGANIZED RETAIL CRIME -- Economic Impact: A Lack of Consensus -- Public Health and Safety Risks -- Potential Links to Terrorism -- DOMESTIC EFFORTS TO COMBAT ORC -- Retailers -- Online Marketplaces

Esse artigo objetiva identificar, a partir das vozes e visões daqueles que a protagonizam - homens e mulheres privados de liberdade no Centro de Remanejamento do Sistema Prisional (Ceresp) de Ipatinga (MG) -, os fatores sociais, políticos, econômicos, históricos e culturais que os impelem a reproduzir o percurso crime-prisão-liberdade-crime, num círculo vicioso sem fim. O que importa é realizar tal análise sem, contudo, se eximir de responsabilidade analítica, teórica e política.

Dedication -- Series Editor's Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- Abbreviations -- List of Tables -- 1: Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2: Crimes as Scripts -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scripts in Cognitive Science -- 3 Crime Scripts -- 4 The Notion of the Universal (Crime) Script -- 5 The Routinized yet Flexible Nature of Crime Scripts -- 6 Single-perspective versus Interpersonal Scripts -- 7 Disrupting the Crime-Commission Process -- 8 Crime Script Analysis in a Business Environment -- References -- 3: Crime and Criminality -- 1 Introduction

A work of reference to the sources of statistical material, both official and unofficial, on crime. It enables the user to discover what data are available, from where they may be obtained and what limitations there are to their use. A Quick Reference List of detailed information about statistical series is included and readers also have access to a computer held cumulative index for the entire series