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Agresija kao međunarodni zločin: Agression as an international crime
In: Međunarodni problemi: Meždunarodnye problemy, Band 69, Heft 1, S. 79-102
ISSN: 0025-8555
World Affairs Online
Çevresel güvenlik ve sınıraşan çevre suçları ; Environmental security and transnational environment crimes
Bu çalışmanın amacı, güvenlikte çevresel açıdan oluşmaya başlayan dönüşüm sürecini incelemek ve bu doğrultuda çevre suçlarını konu almaktır. Yapılacak incelemede çıkış noktası, 21. yüzyılda nüfustaki artışa ve teknolojik gelişmelere koşut olarak çevrenin de güvenliğinin kalmadığı ve çevreye yönelik suçların da artmış olmasıdır. Dünyada yaşanan hızlı değişim sürecine bağlı olarak günümüzün yaşam koşulları da hızla değişmekte ve yeni sorunlar ve gereksinmeler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Değişimin en çarpıcı yaşandığı yerlerden biri, güvenliğin gittikçe daha çok hissedildiği uluslararası alanlardır. Suç oranlarında gittikçe artan bir seyir izlenmekte ve işlenen suçların niteliği değişmektedir. Küreselleşmeye paralel olarak çevre suçlarının da küreselleştiği, ülke sınırlarını aştığı görülmektedir. Suçlar, bireysel temelden çıkıp kitlevileşip küresel boyuta taşınmış; sınıraşan suçlar içinde yer alan kadın, organ, göçmen, uyuşturucu ticaretine; terörizm, siber suçlar, çevre suçları da eklenmiştir. ; The purpose of this study is to examine the transformation process which occurs in the means of security environmentally and the study accordingly deals with the environmental crimes. Starting point of the investigation is the increase in population and technological developments in the 21st century meanwhile the environment to be unsafe and the increase of crimes on environment. Depending on the process of rapid change in the world, today's living conditions have been changing rapidly as well and new requirements and phenomena emerge. One of the most striking changes in the places where security is being felt more and more is international areas. It is noticed that crime rates have increased and the nature of the crimes committed has been changing. It is understood that in parallel to globalization, environmental crimes are globalized and exceed the boundaries of a country. Having a global dimension, the nature of the crimes has evolved from individual to collective; terrorism, cyber crimes and environmental crimes have been ...
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Mechanisms of improving institutional capacities of the state to prevent hate speech and hate crimes
The Republic of Serbia has introduced special circumstances for the determination of sentence for hate crime in the Criminal Code amended in December 2012. If a criminal offence is committed through hate based on race or religion, national or ethnic affiliation, sex, sexual orientation or gender identity of another, the court shall consider any aggravating factors except when it is not stipulated as a feature of the criminal offence. However, the State still neglects to consider mitigating factors. Moreover, it does not pay sufficient attention to eliminating verbal expressions of hatred and discrimination that often precede crimes motivated by hate. The paper discusses the possibility of improving education and coordinated activities of the State, particularly of courts, prosecutors, police and local self-governments, to combat hate speech and hate crimes. The aim of the paper is to present mechanisms of improving institutional capacities to prevent these phenomena that have been implemented within the project "Implementation of Anti-Discrimination Policies in Serbia" financed by the European Union. The paper concludes that central to the success of this process are the education of state actors, and the development of a value system based on equality and acceptance of diversity.
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Suppression Of Organized Crime and Serbia's Accession to the European Union ; Сузбијање организованог криминалитета и приступање Србије Европској унији
Fight against organized crime is a proactive, strategically oriented activity of all contemporary, democratic states, both nationally and at the international level. The set limits of more efficient suppression of the most serious crimes are the result of active reforms of national normative frameworks, ratified international documents, but also intensive professional cooperation between countries in the field of detecting, combating and prosecuting organized crime. Security threats, which are extremely high when it comes to organized crime, would be difficult to combat without adequate international cooperation between democratic states. One of the countries that actively participate in international cooperation, emphasizing cooperation with European agencies is Serbia. Namely, there is a justified question of the efficiency of Serbia's cooperation with European agencies in the suppression of organized crime, the harmonization of the national framework with the acquis communautare, which is the goal of research in this paper. In accordance with that, the author, through expert and critical analysis of normative solutions, results of practical application and valid theoretical views, analyses the subject matter from the following aspects: first, introductory considerations; second, the effectiveness of financial investigations and the Action Plan for Chapter 23; third, Serbia's cooperation with European agencies in combating organized crime and reforming the normative framework; fourth, concluding remarks. ; Борба против организованог криминалитета представља проактивну, стратешки орјентисану активност свих савремених, демократских држава, како унутар њених граница, тако и на међународном нивоу. Постављене границе ефикаснијег сузбијања најтежих кривичних дела представљају резултат ак- тивних реформи националних нормативних оквира, ратификова- них међународних докумената, али и интензивне, професионалне сарадње између држава која се одвија на пољу откривања, суз- бијања и процесуирања кривичних дела организованог ...
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Sajber kriminal – ozbiljan izazov tokom kovid-19 pandemije ; Cyber crime – serious challenge during the covid-19 pandemic
Uvod: Sajber kriminal se odnosi na svako nezakonito delo izvršeno korišćenjem računara, računarskih mreža ili drugog oblika informacionih i komunikacionih tehnologija. U zavisnosti od toga da li je tehnologija meta ili sredstvo izvršenja, možemo razlikovati krivična dela koja podrazumevaju napade usmerene na uređaje i računarske mreže i različite oblike "tradicionalnih" krivičnih dela čiji se obim i domet povećavaju upotrebom digitalnih tehnologija. Usled KOVID-19 pandemije ljudi su prisiljeni da ostaju kod kuće i da se, više nego ikada pre, oslone na računare, telefone i internet, kako bi mogli da rade, uče na daljinu, kupuju, informišu se i komuniciraju sa drugima. Premeštanje svakodnevnih i poslovnih aktivnosti iz fizičke u digitalnu sferu otvara i mogućnost nastanka novih oblika pretnji i rizika u sajber prostoru. Cilj: Cilj rada bio je da se eksplorativnim istraživanjem ustanove zastupljenost, raširenost i oblici ispoljavanja sajber kriminala tokom KOVID-19 pandemije. Metod: Korišćena je metoda pretraživanja i analize velikog broja primarnih i sekundarnih izvora informacija (desk research), proučavanjem različitih naučnih baza podataka i sprovedenih istraživanja o zastupljenosti i različitim oblicima sajber kriminala tokom pandemije. Rezultati: Podaci pokazuju da je tokom KOVID-19 pandemije došlo do povećanja stope raširenosti i sofisticiranosti sajber kriminala. Mete sajber napada su pored pojedinaca i malih preduzeća, sve više velike korporacije i institucije koje imaju ključnu ulogu u odgovoru na izbijanje bolesti. Pored rapidnog rasta sajber napada na računare i računarske mreže, došlo je i do povećanja broja "tradicionalnih" krivičnih dela u sajber prostoru, uz iskorišćavanje bezbednosne ranjivosti rada od kuće i straha i neizvesnosti zbog pandemije. Zaključak: Enormni rast sajber kriminala tokom KOVID-19 pandemije predstavlja ozbiljan izazov za državne strukture. Državno reagovanje na krupan porast sajber kriminala prvenstveno bi trebalo da se usmeri na sprovođenje preventivnih mera kroz edukacije i kampanje podizanja svesti, jer je najveći bezbednosni rizik potcenjivanje ili nedostatak svesti o pretnjama u sajber prostoru. ; Introduction: Cybercrime refers to any illegal act committed using computers, computer networks, or other forms of information and communication technologies. Depending on whether the technology is a target or a means of execution, we can distinguish between crimes that involve attacks aimed at devices and computer networks, and different forms of "traditional" crimes whose scope and reach increase with the use of digital technologies. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, people have to stay home, rely more than ever on computers, phones, and the Internet to telework, learn on distance, buy things, get information, and communicate with others. The shift of everyday and business activities from the physical to the digital sphere also opens the possibility of the emergence of new forms of threats and risks in cyberspace. Aim: The paper aimed to explore the prevalence and forms of manifestation of cybercrime during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Desk research was conducted by gathering and analyzing a plethora of primary and secondary sources of information, various scientific databases and research findings on the prevalence and various forms of cybercrime during the pandemic. Results: The data show that during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the prevalence, widespread presence, and sophistication of cybercrime. In addition to individuals and small businesses, the target of cyberattacks in greater amount is large corporations and institutions that play a crucial role in responding to the outbreak. Besides the rapid growth of cyber attacks on computers and computer networks, the rate of "traditional" crimes in cyberspace has also increased by exploiting security vulnerabilities of teleworking and fear and uncertainty due to the pandemic. Conclusion: The enormous growth of cybercrime during the COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious challenge to government structures. The state's response to the huge rise of cybercrime should initially focus on implementing preventive measures in the form of education and awareness-raising campaigns, as the greatest security risk is underestimation or lack of awareness of cyber threats.
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Yabancı Ülkede İşlenen Suçlarda Türk Mahkemelerinin Yetkisi ; Authority of Turkish Courts for The Crimes That Committed in Foreign Country
Bir devletin, siyasi sınırları içinde işlenen suçları soruşturabilmesi ve kovuşturabilmesi, egemenlik hakkının bir sonucu kabul edilmektedir. Ancak bir ülkenin başka bir ülkede işlenen suçlarla ilgili yargı yetkisi kullanabilmesi ancak istisnai hallerde söz konusu olabilmektedir. Türk Ceza Kanunu'na göre esas itibariyle ülkesellik ilkesi kabul edilmiş olmakla birlikte evrensellik, şahsilik, ikame yargı ilkesi çerçevesinde vatandaşların hatta yabancıların bir başka ülkede işlediği bir kısım suçlarda Türk mahkemelerinin yargı yetkisine ve Türk kanunlarının uygulanabilirliğine imkân tanınmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türk Ceza Kanunu'nun yer bakımından uygulanması açısından kabul ettiği temel ilkelere değindikten sonra yabancı ülkede işlenen suçlarda Türk kanunlarının uygulanabilirliğinin koşulları ve Türk mahke melerinin yargı yetkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. ; A state can investigate and prosecute crimes that are committed within its political borders and it considered as a result of right of independence. However, exercising the judicial power for the crimes that are committed in other country can be possible in the exceptional circumstances only. According to Turkish Criminal Code, as well as the fundamental principal is the principal of territoriality, within the scope of the universality, personality, the principal of substitution jurisdiction, authority of Turkish Courts and the applicability of Turkish laws has been allowed in some crimes committed by citizens and even foreigners in a foreign country. In this study, primarily the fundamental principles of Turkish Criminal Code have been mentioned from the point of the application of Turkish Criminal Code in regard to the authority and then the applicability of Turkish Laws and the authority of Turkish Courts for the crimes that committed in foreign country has been emphasized.
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Metodologija istraživanja kriminaliteta: sa metodikom izrade naučnog rada
In: Biblioteka Crimen 6
In: Edicija crimen
Supporting the transition process: lessons learned and best practices in knowledge transfer ; final report
Значај аналитичке подршке у супротстављању савременим облицима криминалитета у условима европских интеграција ; The Importance of Analytical Work in Countering Contemporary Forms of Crime in the Context of EU Integration
Полицијска делатност је незамислива без благовременог и потпуног прикупљања свих безбедносно релевантних података. Како у данашње време већа доступност података и информација у полицијској пракси не мора да значи и већу предвидљивост манифестовања безбедносно интересантних појава, свакодневно прикупљање података треба да буде праћено њиховом аналитичком обрадом. Спознати начине (појавне облике) манифестовања појава које су предмет рада полицијске организације, наћи у њима елементе будућег и предвидети њихов развој, суштински је задатак аналитичара. У раду се указује на значај аналитичког рада и аналитичке информације за доношење одлука у полицији, и сагледава допринос аналитичке подршке изради стратешких и оперативних одлука у Европској унији и Републици Србији које се односе на супротстављање тешком и организованом криминалу. ; Police activity is unthinkable without the timely and complete collection of all security-relevant data. As today's greater availability of data and information in police practice does not mean greater predictability of manifestations of security-related events, data analysis should occur on a daily basis. To understand the ways crime incidents happen, to find the elements of the future in them and to predict their development, is an essential task of analysts. Starting from the specifics of decision-making in the police, the paper points to the importance of analytical work and analytical information for policing, but also examines the contribution of analytical support to the drafting of strategic and operational decisions in the European Union and the Republic of Serbia related to combating serious and organized crime.
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Kamu meslek kuruluşları niteliğindeki meslek kuruluşlarında disiplin suçları ve cezaları ; Discipline crimes and punishments in the occupational organizations having the quality of occupational organizations in public
Kamu Meslek Kuruluşları Niteliğindeki Meslek Kuruluşlarında Disiplin Suçları ve Cezaları adını taşıyan bu çalışmada, esas itibariyle çalışmaya konu yapılan meslek kuruluşlarının statülerini düzenleyen kuruluş yasalarından ve varsa disipline ilişkin yönetmeliklerden, birlik ve oda kararlarından, bu konulardaki Danıştay içtihatlarından, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi kararlarından, monografik çalışmalar ile İdare ve Ceza Hukuku alanlarındaki genel eserlerden yararlanılmıştır. Bu kaynaklar ve hukuksal veriler inceleme konusu yapılırken, çoğu zaman karşılaştırmalı bir yöntem izlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma Çağ Üniversitesi Kamu Hukuku Yüksek Lisans Master Tezi olarak hazırlanmıştır. ; In this study named Discipline Crimes and Punishments in the Occupational Organizations having the quality of Occupational Organizations in Public, it is basically utilized from the organization laws which regulate the statues of the occupational organizations subject to this study and regulations related to discipline if there is any of them, the decisions of associations and chambers, the judgements of Council of State relating to this matter, the judgements of European Court of Human Rights, monographic studies and general works regarding to Administrational and Criminal Law. It is mostly tried to use a comparative method while analyzing these sources and judicial data.
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Krivičnopravno reagovanje na teške oblike kriminaliteta
In: Biblioteka Crimen 15