Suchergebnisse

Most research on crisis management has paid only limited attention to the prevention of crises. It is in the study of accidents where prevention receives ample attention. In this paper, it is argued that both the making and the management of crises can involve similar organizational weaknesses. The General Failure Type (GFT) model, originally developed and tested for profiling accident prevention, is extended to the domain of crisis management. After a short introduction and explanation of the major tenets of the theory and methodology of GFT‐profiling, it is demonstrated how this methodology can be applied successfully to crisis management.

Stock values and earnings of Ashland Oil and Exxon were analyzed to determine if a correlation existed between a rapid, positive management response and minimization of the financial impact following an oil spill. The results showed a positive correlation for the company that employed, what experts call, 'good'crisis management techniques.

Considers management of information and effective communication at times of crisis. Examines recent crises to illustrate how and why poor management of information and communication has had disastrous effects. Discusses basic rules together with preparation and training for crisis management, including a crisis checklist, phone lines, spokespersons, conveying the message and training support staff. Comments on the need for the establishment of house rules to avoid problems. Discusses interpretations of "off the record" and how problems can arise from differing interpretations. Establishes the value of simultaneous communication to all audiences.

This paper briefly reviews the classic and more recent literature on crisis simulations. After discussing the essence of simulations, as opposed to scenarios and games, five functions of simulations are highlighted: a research tool; a teaching and training instrument; a planning method; a tool for designing decision support systems; and a personnel selection method. Different design dimensions of educational and research simulations are brought to the fore.

According to the author, the Taiwan Strait crisis of 1996 provides a good opportunity for students of Chinese politics to study the Beijing leadership's crisis management skills. After a look at the third Taiwan Strait crisis, he discusses the applicability of crisis theories to the third Taiwan Strait crisis and China's dilemma in crisis management. (DÜI-Sen)

Safety practices and preparations for limited emergencies are common activities in complex systems. In contrast, the vital task of planning for a crisis is usually poorly handled. This paper seeks to provide a better understanding of the prerequisites for successful learning processes to deal with crisis situations. It reveals the barriers that emerge during the process of developing satisfactory learning practices.The objectives of this paper are twofold. The first aim is operational: how can one develop adequate learning processes despite the challenges involved? The second aim is theoretical: what light do these efforts and the resistance they arouse shed on the debate between 'High Reliability Theorists' and 'Normal Accident Theorists', in which the status of learning processes is a key element. The author refers to his personal experience with crisis research and consultation.