Suchergebnisse

It is too early to compare the Bush & Kennedy presidencies, while any attempt to draw lessons from the Cuban Missile Crisis for the "war against terrorism" would be misleading. Yet Kennedy's approach to international crises reflected a particular approach to political leadership requiring an ability to operate democratically, that is still relevant. This article illustrates this approach using evidence from decision making on Vietnam & Cuba. Kennedy's problem in responding to Soviet initiatives was that he had to reach a modus vivendi with Khrushchev. Bush's advantage in dealing with al-Qaeda was that there was no expectation of any sort of deal. Adapted from the source document.

This paper revisits the concept of crisis within the field of crisis management and puts forward a series of avenues for building a theory of crisis that is in closer relation with the mainstream of organization theory. We suggest that if crisis management still limits itself to the analysis of exceptional situations, it might never go beyond the sphere of exception management and will for a long time remain an isolated discipline with little room for innovation and progress. As an alternative we analyze crises as a process of incubation that starts long before the triggering event. This proposition implies revisiting other related notions that have seldom been discussed by authors: first the status and place of the triggering event that should be viewed both as a fault line and a hinge between a degenerative organizational past evolution and a future of change; second, the temporality of a crisis so as to extract it from the urgency it is traditionally associated with; third and contrary to authors who see in the crisis a collapse of meaning and of sensemaking, we analyze it as a surge of meaning that fosters organizational change and transformations.

This paper briefly reviews the classic and more recent literature on crisis simulations. After discussing the essence of simulations, as opposed to scenarios and games, five functions of simulations are highlighted: a research tool; a teaching and training instrument; a planning method; a tool for designing decision support systems; and a personnel selection method. Different design dimensions of educational and research simulations are brought to the fore.

Evolution of its mission from one confined to collective defense and reconciliation of differences between member states during the Cold War to one that may also include intervention in conflicts beyond NATO's territory and coordination with humanitarian and other non-military organizations. Included in a collection of articles under the overall title "The future of NATO".