Suchergebnisse

В первые годы нового тысячелетия в Африке возродилисьростки надежды: некоторые страны при относительностабильных макроэкономических условиях смогли достичьустойчивого роста народного хозяйства. В среднем годо-вой рост показателей континента за 2000–2007 гг. соста-вил 5% – почти на 2% выше мирового уровня. Сравниваяс «азиатскими тиграми», оптимисты ведут речь об «афри-канских львах» – Кении или Камеруне, – которые, как ка-залось, уже завоевали необходимые высоты, чтобы достиг-нуть уровня развития пороговых стран континента.

The following article considers the origins, external and internal factors of the modern crisis in Yemen. It is particularly noted that one of the reasons that Yemen has always been the arena for a clash of interests of the powers due to its strategic position on the sea route connecting Europe with the Indian ocean. It describes in detail how, along with the external threat, North and South Yemen in the second half of the XXth century was torn by internal contradictions. It is noted that after the integration of Yemen in 1990, opposition intensified its activities against the conditions of unification, which led to a new civil war. The article has a strong focus on the fact that in Yemen in the end of twentieth century political factor has been supplemented by religious factor, i.e., the confrontation escalated between the northerners Shia zaidis and the South Sunni. Attention is drawn to the fact that the spread of Wahhabism in Yemen as an ideological and political force, the creation of "al-Qaeda of the Arabian Peninsula" has further aggravated the explosive situation in the country. The analysis of the process of transformation of the theological movement of the Houthis-zaidis into a military-political force, which managed in the Wake of the "Arab spring" and in Alliance with the supporters of former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, not only to seize power in Sana'a in January 2015, but also to expand its position up to Aden. The particular emphasis has been placed on the fact that since March 2015 the conflict in Yemen has acquired an international character, when the Saudi coalition (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Qatar, Sudan and UAE, Egypt) sided with the President in the exile of Abd Rabbo Mansur Hadi and forced the Houthis to retreat from Aden and Bab El-Mandeb Strait by force of arms. It is noted what changes have occurred in the US policy towards the support of the Saudi coalition in recent years. The role of Iran in Yemen and the nature of its relations with the Houthis cause disputes between researchers. Based on the analysis of recent events, it is concluded that the military actions of the Saudi coalition can lead to the elimination of Yemen as a state. The ongoing armed conflict and the futility of attempts at a political solution make the possibility of a peaceful settlement in Yemen problematical.

Article on the impact of the crisis in the global economy on marketing strategy in Russia. The author substantiates the thesis of the decline in the value of methods of promoting the marketing mix and a gradual return to the dominance of the marketing concept of the distribution.

As the primary cause of drought-which has detrimental consequences for agricultural production-climate change is a growing challenge for Syria.

Consolidating public resources is an obvious step to help alleviate Egypt's growing debt burden, but one that Sisi's regime avoids at all costs.

With the king's prolonged absence from the public sphere, the reins of power in Morocco are in the hands of a "security alliance" with troubling implications for democratic reforms and freedom of expression.

The digest introduces readers with the main theses of Josep Borrell, High Representative of the EU reflected in his article COVID-19: le monde d'après est déjà là for the revue Politique étrangère.

Российская демографическая ситуация одна из проблем, которые решается в данный момент властями РФ. Но проблема возникла не сейчас, она существует давно, значит и решение должно быть не быстрое, а последовательное, основанное на многих исследованиях. Кризисная демографическая обстановка для многих стран важна – существует множество факторов, почему она вообще возникла. ; The Russian demographic situation is one of the problems that the authorities of the Russian Federation are currently solving. But the problem did not arise now, it has existed for a long time, which means that the solution should not be quick, but consistent, based on many studies. The crisis demographic situation for many countries is important-there are many factors why it has arisen at all.

The paper explores the development of the methodology of criminology research, the object of the research is to conduct a global systemic crisis, the aim of this work is methodological aspects criminology research to achieve this goal, solved the following tasks: study of the crisis as part of political and socio-economic process; explore the concept of crisis, sources, mechanism of development and a mechanism for crisis management; development of methodology of the science of crises and effective management anticrisis; the article presents the classification of crises, the crisis is considered as an element of the development process, which has its own specific functions and methods of resolution. It is proved that for effective management of the crisis requires further development of the methodology of crisis management in the science of crisis management, the object of which is the crisis of various organizations, justified, that psychology of crisis research and crisis management can be considered as a factor capable to reduce or increase the effectiveness of crisis research and crisis management in the organization.

In article the interrelation of current political crisis in the Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China Siangtan (Hong Kong) with change of its importance for transit of the capital from continental China in offshore jurisdictions and its return as part of transformation of a situation in the People's Republic of China is considered. The conclusion about the serious financial reasons for development of crisis in the direction of strengthening of separatist sentiments in Hong Kong is drawn and related aggravation of a military-political situation.

The article deals with the topical issue of optimizing the company's expenses in a crisis. The author gives examples of costs that the company should get rid of immediately, and which ones should be eliminated last, how to avoid mistakes when reducing costs so as not to get even more significant losses, and, as a result, the loss of business.

The article is devoted to the transformation of the energy strategy of Russia in the conditions of the current economic crisis. The special attention is paid to current trends in the sphere of international relations having a decisive influence on the formation of Russia's energy strategy. The authors point to the crisis of the modern world, the deepening of interstate contradictions, the expansion of confrontation, the revision of the uniform principles of trade, established by the World Trade Organization, the changes in the global financial system. The authors investigate the possibility of political arrangements between the leading suppliers of oil on the destabilization of the oil market in order to achieve geopolitical goals. In the article special attention is also paid to the issue of political motivation of anti-Russian sanctions directed at impeding Russia's development and its Fuel & Energy Complex, in particular. Today, against the background of the current political situation, the energy strategy of Russia is exposed to adjustment. The country has the important task of ensuring technological independence of the energy sector on the basis of import substitution of the equipment, diversification of the directions of export of energy resources, preservation of leading positions in the world market of peaceful nuclear energy, etc. The authors conclude that the energy strategy of Russia is important part of foreign policy strategy of the country, and it is focused on practical cooperation with all countries and is aimed at protecting interests of the state.

This article contributes to the debate on how an international crisis may contribute to ontological security. We argue that ontological security can paradoxically be achieved through escalating practices capable of provoking international crises. By merging 'practices', a fairly distinct theoretical perspective of International Relations, with ontological security, we seek to expand Jennifer Mitzen's premise that "even dangerous routines provide ontological security" and consider practices as a source of attaining ontological security. To partake in the practical turn in ontological security studies, we borrow the concepts of Practice Turn in IR, habitus (disposition), and field (environment). After substantiating the connection between the two theories, we take the demise of the INF Treaty as an example of a crisis. We argue that the INF Treaty, as a field, has become a source of ontological threat to both the U.S. and Russia. Following the end of the Cold War, the U.S. and Russia have constantly changed their habitus by developing key missile technologies and deteriorating bilateral relations. Accordingly, the changed habitus no longer conformed to the realities of the field, making its delegitimization by both sides self-evident.

Geopolitical shifts have put into question the effectiveness of the EU's strategic partnerships. Crises in its vicinity present the union with an opportunity to reassess this foreign policy framework.