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Es handelt sich um einen Einzelartikel aus dem Handbuch Psychologische Grundbegriffe.
Zum Handbuch: Die 1981 erstmals erschienenen 'Psychologischen Grundbegriffe' sind völlig neu bearbeitet und ergänzt worden zugunsten einer aktuell fachbezogenen sowie interdisziplinären Darstellungsweise. Der immense Stoff wird gebändigt durch die drei Kategorien bzw. Stichwortumfänge: Psychologische Disziplinen und Begriffe großer Relevanz; Unterdisziplinen und Begriffe mittlerer Relevanz sowie Stichworte und Grundbegriffe psychologischer Theorie und Praxis. Somit ergibt sich eine vielfältige Sichtweise auf die Gegenstandsbereiche, die Studierenden und fachlich interessierten Laien den Blick über die engen Grenzen der Mainstreampsychologie hinaus ermöglicht.

"This collection of chapters advances critical psychology by incorporating praxis (theory and practice) and decolonial streams of thought. They are united around a theme of psychosocial non-alignment to modernity/coloniality. Bringing together a transdisciplinary range of authors from around the world, this edited volume weaves together a spectrum of complex arguments and perspectives to lay the foundations for bridging the Global North-South divide in critical psychology through solidarity and dialogue. The book's central argument is to emphasize praxis and transdisciplinarity over disciplinary fundamentalism. Psychology is only a starting point and not the end goal of critique in this book; incidentally, some of the authors are not even psychologists. Instead, the book draws on decolonial theoretical resources, such as Chican@ Studies, Black Male Studies, and Critical Pedagogy, to complement traditional theoretical resources like psychoanalysis, Marxism, poststructuralism, and feminism. This groundbreaking text is suitable for scholars and upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students studying critical discourse, the psychology and philosophy of post-coloniality, conceptual and historical issues in psychology, as well as anthropology and sociology courses engaging with action research"--

'Es wird versucht zu zeigen, daß Thomas Teos Diagnose des Zustandes der Kritischen Psychologie deren wirkliche Entwicklung in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten kaum zur Kenntnis genommen hat. Darüber hinaus gemachten Vorwürfen wie 'reflexartige Ablehnung von angloamerikanischer Psychologie' oder 'quasi-ideologische(r) Ablehnung von Statistik' wird versuchsweise argumentativ entgegnet. An Beispielen wie dem Theorie-Praxis-Verhältnis und der Entwicklung psychologischer Begriffe wird der Zusammenhang von wissenschaftlicher und politischer Entwicklung diskutiert. In diesem Zusammenhang wird gegenüber Teos formalistischer Vorstellung vom 'Ausdruck kritisch' ein fachspezifischer Kritik-Begriff erörtert, der gegen den Zeitgeist am Zusammenhang von Psychologie- und Kapitalismuskritik und radikalemanzipatorischer Perspektive festhält.' (Autorenreferat)

The main argument of this paper is informed by the realization that, despite its significance as critical alternative to colonial psychology, out of all branches of academic Western mainstream psychology taught in Arab and Palestinian universities, community psychology as a sub-discipline is noticeably marginalized and under-recognized. Community psychology has a formative quality and the potential to make contributions to the emancipation and liberation of marginalized communities, as opposed to many problematic forms of historical and contemporary enactments of mainstream colonial psychology in the Arab World (Makkawi 2009; Soueif and Ahmed 2001). Following a historical trend in postcolonial situations, universities in the Arab World continue to import and uncritically apply Western constructions of knowledge, including psychology, and the intellectual legacy of European colonialism continues to dominate these academic institutions (Abouchedid 2006). This intellectual hegemony of colonial knowledge in Arab universities renders the enactment of critical psychology in general and community psychology in particular – both in academe and in community settings – a challenging undertaking. In this paper, I draw upon an emerging program of critical community psychology at Birzeit University in Palestine, arguing that envisioning critical psychology in the Arab World in general is better conceived through critical community psychology as an emerging alternative to colonial psychology. There is no formally recorded history of the inception of community psychology in Palestine. However, early manifestations of community psychology in the Palestinian colonial context can be traced back to various phases of community grassroots organizing and action during the anti-colonial struggle for self-determination. The vision and praxis of the newly established master's program in community psychology at Birzeit University evolved from and were inspired by earlier forms of community grassroots action during the first Palestinian Intifada in the occupied West Bank and Gaza (WBG) in 1987. While this paper highlights the recently developed master's program in community psychology as an exemplar of critical psychology in the Arab World, I focus on the roots of community psychology in the Palestinian community long before its formal academic inception. I start by describing the colonial condition in Palestine with particular attention to the occupied WBG, where this specific case of community psychology enactment is being implemented. The focus is placed on academic psychology and the legacy of colonial knowledge inherited

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- Series editor preface -- Acknowledgements -- Prologue -- This girl can -- Postfeminist healthism -- Overview of the book -- Note -- 1 Self-help -- Nobody can be anybody else, but we can all be better -- Historicising our 'inner self' -- Between Homo economicus and Homo sentimentalis -- The women are not all right -- Mean girls grow up -- Conclusion: the confidence trick -- Notes -- 2 Weight -- In a fat-hating society, is everyone fat? -- Governed by the scale -- Problems with BMI (or, what to say next time a nurse suggests weighing you) -- 'Your health your choices' -- Health at every size? -- Conclusion: health is not a lifestyle -- Notes -- 3 Technologies -- Upgrading the body -- Technologies: self, subjectivity, norms and experts -- Striving for normalcy with weight-loss surgery -- Female genital cosmetic surgery - choice in what context? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 4 Sex -- Liberating women -- Inventing sex -- The rise of the sexpert -- The big 'o' -- Sexual dysfunction and risky subjects: am I normal? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 5 Pregnancy -- Snapping back into shape -- Mapping the pregnant body: historical connections -- 'Expecting': the perfection of postfeminist pregnancy -- Governing postfeminist pregnancy -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 6 Intimate responsibilities -- The good mother -- A woman's place: caring, postfeminism and re-traditionalisation -- Responsibility and risk: government, media and commerce -- Breast is best? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 7 Pro-ana -- Unhealthy transformations -- Anorexia in a postfeminist sensibility -- Eat something -- Pro-ana -- Pro-ana, healthism and mediation: 'those pics make me sick' -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Epilogue -- Assembling postfeminism and health -- Pulling threads and ending on a high note

'Dieser Artikel enthält eine Reflexion akademischer kritischer Psychologien im deutschsprachigen Raum aus der Perspektive eines kritischen Psychologen. Zur Beschreibung der Dynamik kritischer Psychologien wird die Metapher der Jahreszeiten verwendet. Der Aufstieg in den späten sechziger Jahren und die ersten kritischen Analysen traditioneller Psychologie werden als Frühling rekonstruiert, während die substantiellen Beiträge in den siebziger Jahren als Sommer gedacht werden. Die achtziger Jahre mit den vielschichtigen Schwierigkeiten kritischer Psychologien werden als Herbst und die momentane desolate Situation in den neunziger Jahren als Winter beschrieben. Argumente für das Überleben deutschsprachiger kritischer Psychologien im Kontext internationaler kritischer Psychologie werden kurz vorgestellt. Dieser Beitrag, als Diskussionsgrundlage intendiert, ist keine Kritik kritischer Psychologie im allgemeinen, sondern eine Kritik deutschsprachiger akademischer kritischer Psychologie. Mit dieser Einschränkung betont der Autor, da Praktiker und Praktikerinnen, die sich, trotz der vielfältigen Widersprüche, mit denen sie in ihrer Arbeitswelt konfrontiert sind, als kritisch verstehen, und dieses Selbstverständnis einsetzen, nicht Gegenstand der Kritik sind, ebensowenig wie kritische Ansätze außerhalb des deutschsprachigen Kontexts.' (Autorenreferat)

The psychological underpinnings and processes of caste have remained obscure. This special issue of Caste: A Global Journal on Social Exclusion focusing on Caste and Psychology is an initial contribution that lays the ground for developing a critical psychology of caste. In this introductory article, I situate the special issue in the historical and contemporary context. I show that the historical roots of psychological approach to caste go deep. The revolutionary thinking and activism of Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar provided a useful foundation for a critical psychology of caste to flourish. Unfortunately, this foundation remained under-appreciated in the subsequent academic and social engagement on caste. Next, I review the contemporary research on the psychological dimension of caste and highlight emerging themes that illustrate contemporary approaches. I argue that there is need of a collective endeavor in the form of a new field of study, namely, 'critical psychology of caste', to integrate divergent perspectives and contributions addressing the psychological dimension of caste. The special issue is a small step in that direction.

Psychological contributions to social movement scholarship have disproportionately concentrated on a "politics of demand", rather than on a "politics of the act", or prefigurative politics. Prefigurative actors, rather than making demands of power-holders, take direct action aimed at creating change in the 'here and now' by constructing alternative modes of being and interacting that reflect a given movement's desired social transformations. Given that the prefigurative process takes place within and between individuals—with aims of changing the macrostructure by altering micro-relations—psychological perspectives are imperative to their understanding. Despite relevant theories and concepts, a psychology of prefiguration has yet to emerge. This theoretical discussion explores several reasons why prefigurative practices have been largely overlooked and at times misunderstood within mainstream social movement scholarship, traces the distinctive dimensions of prefiguration deserving of further (especially psychological) inquiry, and calls for methodological techniques both responsive to the context-driven nature of prefigurative praxis and consistent with the 'bottom-up' approach embodied within these unique spaces of resistance. After highlighting important points of disjuncture and possibility within the study of prefiguration, this discussion offers critical questions and methods aimed to envision and invigorate a critical psychology of prefigurative politics.

Psychological contributions to social movement scholarship have disproportionately concentrated on a "politics of demand", rather than on a "politics of the act", or prefigurative politics. Prefigurative actors, rather than making demands of power-holders, take direct action aimed at creating change in the 'here and now' by constructing alternative modes of being and interacting that reflect a given movement's desired social transformations. Given that the prefigurative process takes place within and between individuals—with aims of changing the macrostructure by altering micro-relations—psychological perspectives are imperative to their understanding. Despite relevant theories and concepts, a psychology of prefiguration has yet to emerge. This theoretical discussion explores several reasons why prefigurative practices have been largely overlooked and at times misunderstood within mainstream social movement scholarship, traces the distinctive dimensions of prefiguration deserving of further (especially psychological) inquiry, and calls for methodological techniques both responsive to the context-driven nature of prefigurative praxis and consistent with the 'bottom-up' approach embodied within these unique spaces of resistance. After highlighting important points of disjuncture and possibility within the study of prefiguration, this discussion offers critical questions and methods aimed to envision and invigorate a critical psychology of prefigurative politics. ; peerReviewed ; publishedVersion

As an outcome of the West German students movement critical psychologies in German-speaking countries have developped as marxist critiques of society and science. Above all, Holzkamp used Marx' and Engels' doctrines of natural and societal progression as foundations of a unifying categorical and closed epistemological system. Part of a political movement, psychologists were forced to link with discourses originating in the late twenties and early thirties, then cut off by National Socialism and postwar ideologies in Germany and Austria. They were forced to make up for a lag. They were to reify Marx' ghosts . For a long time they ignored the experiences of left critics in other western cultures, especially France, where critiques had been differentiated in a post-marxist manner. Up to the late eighties, this critical-psychological ignorance happened even to feminism, poststructuralism and constructivism. With the breakdown of so-called 'real socialism' Critical psychology after all had lost the last social and communitarian foundations as a reference. It had left trends of historic progression and had become conservative in a paradox way. Finally, the defeat has opened actual chances of critique, potentially in fragmented postmodern discourses.