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This article offers an analytic review of US youth culture studies, which is defined as research that recognizes the agency of youth - their meaning-making, cultural productions, and social engagements - in relationship to cultural and political contexts. The article focuses on four selected areas of research that are influential in US youth culture studies: developmental research, the 'youth crisis' literature, educational research, and subcultural and cultural studies. The discussion of each of the four areas is focused on one or two major theorists and a particularly illuminating question or problem that speaks to the larger question of how theory, methodology, and national context are intertwined. In conclusion, we attempt to develop a framework of 'youthscapes' to provide an analytic and methodological link between youth culture and nationalizing or globalizing processes, using our own research as examples. We envision a youthscape as a way of thinking about youth culture studies that revitalizes discussions about youth cultures and social movements, while simultaneously theorizing the political and social uses of youth.

Academic curricula are being strengthened and enriched through the enlightened realization that no discipline is complete unto itself. In the interdisciplinary studies that result, the one theme that remains universal is popular culture. Academia throughout the disciplines is rapidly coming to understand that it should be used in courses campus-wide and on all levels. All in the world of education benefit from the use of the cultures around them. This work emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary mingling and explores the ways in which instructors can utilize popular culture studies in order

The first economic impact studies in Latvia were done 10 years after the iconic research by John Myerscough [Myerscough 1988]; we lag behind not only in time, but also in the content of such researches. Cultural managers and cultural institutions still do not consider economic impact valuation relevant. The present paper analyses why it is so and whether there any options for stimulating economic impact evaluation practices in Latvia. The paper evaluates the motivation for performing economic impact research and arguments against such studies together with the general research trends and experiences of foreign researchers. The study shows that currently custom designed calculators with guidelines available in the form of web pages are a successful and useful tool for calculating the economic impact of cultural events. The paper notes that the economic impact of various cultural phenomena, infrastructure buildings, and the whole field has been analysed by R. Karnīte, R. Ķīlis, I. Strode, I. Rozenberga, K. Goppers, the alumni of the Latvian Academy of Culture, and others. Mostly these studies are detached and accidental, moreover, each study uses a different methodology; consequently, the economic impact studies in the field of culture in Latvia are not regular and constant, and usually they are fuelled by the private interest of the event organizers or researchers. The author has created a template for a calculator, which is adapted to the economic situation of Latvia. It could promote popularity and regularity of the economic impact analysis studies in Latvia.

Le Fournil: un rite saisonnier. Lise Boily‐Blanchette. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 16. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. iii + 59 pp. n.p. (paper).Sacro o Profano? A Consideration of Four Italian‐Canadian Religious Festivals. Bruce B. Giuliano. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 17. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. iv + 64 pp. n.p. (paper).Structural Changes of Two Chinese Communities in Alberta, Canada. Ben Seng Hoe. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 19. A Diamond Jenness Memorial Volume. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. xiv + 385 pp. n.p. (paper).The Swedish Community at Eriksdale, Manitoba. George J. Houser. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 14. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. v + 112 pp. n.p. (paper).Black Pentecostal Music in Windsor. Paul McIntyre. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 15. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. 124 pp. n.p. (paper).The Greeks of Vancouver: A Study in the Preservation of Ethnicity. G. James Patterson. Mercury Series, CCFCS Paper No. 18. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1976. iv + 162 pp. n.p. (paper).

Since the late 1980s visibility has become a currency of social recognition, and a political issue. It also brought forth a new discipline, visual culture studies, and a hotly contested debate unfolded between art history and visual culture studies over the interpretation of visual culture, whose impact can still be felt today. In this first comparative study Susanne von Falkenhausen reveals the concepts of seeing as scholarly act that underwrite these competing approaches to visuality and society, along with the agendas of identity politics that motivate them. In close readings of key texts spanning from the early 20th century to the present the author crosses expertly between American, German, and British versions of art history, cultural studies, aesthetics, and film studies.

Since the late 1980s visibility has become a currency of social recognition, and a political issue. It also brought forth a new discipline, visual culture studies, and a hotly contested debate unfolded between art history and visual culture studies over the interpretation of visual culture, whose impact can still be felt today. In this first comparative study Susanne von Falkenhausen reveals the concepts of seeing as scholarly act that underwrite these competing approaches to visuality and society, along with the agendas of identity politics that motivate them. In close readings of key texts spanning from the early 20th century to the present the author crosses expertly between American, German, and British versions of art history, cultural studies, aesthetics, and film studies.

What do Amsterdam prostitutes, NASA astronauts, cross-dressing texts, and Star Trek characters have in common? In Genre Fission, Marleen Barr wittily and eccentrically revitalizes cultural and literary theory by examining the points where such vastly different categories meet, converge, and reemerge as something new

Personality and culture studies have largely disappeared since the 1960s, but progress in trait psychology makes their revival feasible. A review of evidence on the consensual validity, longitudinal stability, heritability, and structure of personality traits suggests new approaches to old issues. At the transcultural level, claims of universality are addressed. At the intercultural level, associations are sought between mean levels of personality traits and corresponding culture-level variables; cultural institutions may be either causes or effects of personality. At the intracultural level, culture-specific manifestations of universal traits are documented. The new discipline of personality traits and culture draws on multiple methodologies to understand human nature in social context.