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eGovernment and autoritative public data in Denmark are still mainly focused on the landside of Danmark. But the need of eloborating the coordinating effort of administration at sea is recognised and the development of maritime eGovernment is happening within the next years. This paper discusses the data involved in this administration and focuses on the need for understanding the function and hence value of data. Some maritime data are dealing with accurate placements of objects, and as a tricky part some are dealing with floating placement. Other data are handling non-visible areas in terms of zoning, e.g. planning and interest areas and finally some data are representation of legislation, whether it is rights or restrictions. These different data are not always usable in the same manner. This paper investigates the correlation between spatial data and legislation. Experience from many years of land administration can be used as part of this discussion as well as the conclusions from this paper can be discussion as input to the ongoing development on land.

eGovernment and autoritative public data in Denmark are still mainly focused on the landside of Danmark. But the need of eloborating the coordinating effort of administration at sea is recognised and the development of maritime eGovernment is happening within the next years. This paper discusses the data involved in this administration and focuses on the need for understanding the function and hence value of data. Some maritime data are dealing with accurate placements of objects, and as a tricky part some are dealing with floating placement. Other data are handling non-visible areas in terms of zoning, e.g. planning and interest areas and finally some data are representation of legislation, whether it is rights or restrictions. These different data are not always usable in the same manner. This paper investigates the correlation between spatial data and legislation. Experience from many years of land administration can be used as part of this discussion as well as the conclusions from this paper can be discussion as input to the ongoing development on land.

Recent trends towards openness and technical connectivity have offered the ability to drive massive social and economic change; however they demand a redefinition of relationships. We have observed a move from a polarized world where companies operate in economic markets while governments drive social progress, to an interconnected, networked world of shared resources and co-creation. One of the trends driving this change is open government data. This paper presents a framework of four value generating mechanisms from use of OGD. The framework makes it easier to compare and communicate different pathways to value generation, while highlighting the current tensions between the private/public and economic/social domains. Our proposition is that these tensions bring about possibilites for synergies and value enhancement.

Recent trends towards openness and technical connectivity have offered the ability to drive massive social and economic change; however they demand a redefinition of relationships. We have observed a move from a polarized world where companies operate in economic markets while governments drive social progress, to an interconnected, networked world of shared resources and co-creation. One of the trends driving this change is open government data. This paper presents a framework of four value generating mechanisms from use of OGD. The framework makes it easier to compare and communicate different pathways to value generation, while highlighting the current tensions between the private/public and economic/social domains. Our proposition is that these tensions bring about possibilites for synergies and value enhancement.

Given the growing popularity of biometrics, doubts about the conditions for biometric data processing can be noticed in practice. These inaccuracies take place in various areas of law, including labour law. This article provides a theoretical discussion on the processing of special categories of data. It aims to point to the need for appropriate legal regulations to ensure the security of the processing of biometric data of employees and candidate employees. The article starts with clarifying the concept of biometric data and discusses the practical aspects of the use of biometric tools. Further on, the author analyses the legal regulations concerning the processing of biometric data in the relations between the employer as the personal data controller and the employee as the data subject. As a result of the studies carried out, a position was presented which indicates that the employer who processes biometric data of employees and candidates for employment should always find out whether he has legal justification to process the data in question. This article is one of the few studies on the processing of biometric data in Polish literature on the subject. The main purpose hereof is to present situations under the current legislation, in which the employer can process biometric data of its employees. The article is a form of universal presentation of the problem and may be of interest especially to legal practitioners. ; Z uwagi na wzrost popularności technik biometrycznych w praktyce można zauważyć pojawiające się wątpliwości dotyczące przesłanek warunkujących przetwarzanie danych biometrycznych. Przedmiotowe nieścisłości pojawiają się na gruncie różnych dziedzin prawa, w tym na gruncie prawa pracy. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera rozważania teoretyczne dotyczące przetwarzania danych szczególnej kategorii. Jego celem jest zwrócenie uwagi na potrzebę stworzenia odpowiednich regulacji prawnych służących zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa przetwarzania danych biometrycznych pracowników oraz kandydatów do pracy. Artykuł rozpoczyna się od wyjaśnienia pojęcia danych biometrycznych oraz traktuje o praktycznych stronach wykorzystania narzędzi biometrycznych. W dalszej części autorka poddaje analizie regulacje prawne dotyczące przetwarzania danych biometrycznych w relacjach pomiędzy pracodawcą jako administratorem danych osobowych a pracownikiem jako podmiotem, którego dane są przetwarzane. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań zaprezentowane zostało stanowisko wskazujące, że pracodawca przetwarzający dane biometryczne zatrudnionych pracowników oraz kandydatów do pracy powinien każdorazowo ustalać, czy dysponuje przewidzianą przez przepisy prawa przesłanką legalizującą przetwarzanie tych danych. Niniejszy artykuł jest jedną z niewielu prac w polskim dorobku piśmienniczym na temat przetwarzania danych biometrycznych. Głównym celem jest zaprezentowanie sytuacji, w których pracodawca może zgodnie z aktualnie obowiązującym stanem prawnym przetwarzać dane biometryczne swoich pracowników. Artykuł stanowi formę uniwersalnego przedstawienia problemu i może być przedmiotem zainteresowania zwłaszcza praktyków prawa.

The article discusses the problem of the reform of the system of the protection of personal data in the context of changes, new tasks and challenges faced by the European data protection authorities, in particular the European Data Protection Supervisor, Article 29 Working Group or the national supervisory authorities. The proposals of regulations and directives submitted in recent years by the European Commission related to data protection in general, as well as the specific rules governing the functioning of the EU agencies involved in the fight against crime clearly show that the proposed changes are intended to increase the role of these bodies at both the E. U. and the national level by ensuring a more effective implementation of the new rules. The planned strengthening of the relationship between the national authorities as well as the coordination of their activities also aims to meet this objective.