Suchergebnisse

Since its momentous democratic elections in 2010, Myanmar has continued to transition from a society of heavy censorship to one inundated with information and data from across the globe. The changes in the information ecosystem have forced a shift in how the country's government and civil society organizations approach data and use them for evidence-based decision making. This poster will present 1.) The findings of a locally conducted needs assessment of the data environments of Myanmar's government and CSOs and 2.) A curriculum developed to support Myanmar's organizations in more effective use of data for decision making.

In developed countries, nowadays we live in a networked society: a society of information, knowledge and services (Castells, 1996), with strong specificities in the Health field (Bourret, 2003, Silber, 2003). The World Health Organization (WHO) has outlined the importance of information for improving health for all. However, financial resources remain limited. Health costs represent 11% of GNP in France, Germany, Switzerland and Canada, 14% in the USA, and 7.5% in Spain and the United Kingdom. Governments, local powers, health or insurance organizations therefore face difficult choices in terms of opportunities and priorities, and for that they need specific and valuable data. Firstly, this paper provide a comprehensive overview of our networked society and the appointment of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) and Health (in other words e-Health) in a perspective of needs and uses at the micro, meso, and macro levels. We point out the main challenges of development of Nationwide Health Information Network both in the US, UK and France. Then we analyze the main issues about data for Decision Making in Networked Health: coordination and evaluation. In the last sections, we use an Information System perspective to investigate the three interoperability layers (micro, meso and macro). We analyze the requirements and challenges to design an interoperability global architecture which supports different kinds of interactions; then we focus on the harmonization efforts provided at several levels. Finally, we identify common methodological and engineering issues.

The 2004 Nigeria DHS EdData survey (NDES) was the first education survey of its kind in Nigeria and was designed to provide information on education for children age 4-16, with a focus on factors influencing household decisions about children's schooling. The report presents information on adult educational attainment, children's characteristics and rates of school attendance, absenteeism among primary school pupils and secondary school students, household expenditures on schooling and other contributions to schooling, and parent/guardian perceptions of schooling, among other topics. Twelve survey teams conducted the survey from February to July 2004. (DÜI-Hff)

This report presents the major findings of the 2001 Uganda DHS EdData Survey (UDES) carried out between April and July 2001. The survey collected information on education among school-age children. The focus was on factors influencing household decisions about children's schooling, and specifically, on reasons for overage first-time enrollment in school, never enrolling in school, and dropout; the frequency of and reasons for pupil absenteeism; household expenditures on schooling and other contributions to schooling; parents'/guardians' perceptions of school quality and the benefits and detriments of schooling. (DÜI-Hff)

This report presents the major findings of the 2002 Zambia DHS EdData Survey (ZDES) carried out between August and October 2002. The survey collected information on education among school-age children with a focus on factors influencing household decisions about children's schooling. The report presents information on adult educational attainment, children's characteristics and rates of school attendance, absenteeism among primary school pupils, household expenditures on schooling and other contributions to schooling, and parent/guardian perceptions of schooling, among other topics. (DÜI-Hff)

This report presents the major findings of the 2002 Malawi DHS EdData Survey (MDES) carried out between May and October 2002. The survey collected information on education among school-age children with a focus on factors influencing household decisions about children's schooling. The report presents information on adult educational attainment, children's characteristics and rates of school attendance, absenteeism among primary school pupils, household expenditures on schooling and other contributions to schooling, and parent/guardian perceptions of schooling, among other topics. (DÜI-Hff)

ABSTRACT
Although students begin with a spreadsheet to analyze the effect of a change in credit score cutoff on loan performance on sales, they discover that this approach becomes unwieldy as the analysis becomes more complex. As more attributes from more sheets are required, the spreadsheet solution becomes difficult to implement or audit. The case thus motivates students to develop the database skills of importing the spreadsheet data into a database manager, joining tables, and performing the analysis using database querying. The case requires students to think critically to model the business situation in spreadsheet formulas and database query expressions, structure relationships among the attributes across data tables, and manipulate attributes to achieve the business objective. The case is suitable for courses in accounting systems, managerial accounting, decision making, and database systems. Objective questions are provided for assessing students' ability to analyze transaction records using both spreadsheet and database tools.

Health information systems (HIS) in India, as in most other developing countries, support public health management but fail to enable healthcare providers to use data for delivering quality services. Such a failure is surprising, given that the population healthcare data that the system collects are aggregated from patient records. An important reason for this failure is that the health information architecture (HIA) of the HIS is designed primarily to serve the information needs of policymakers and program managers. India has recognised the architectural gaps in its HIS and proposes to develop an integrated HIA. An enabling HIA that attempts to balance the autonomy of local systems with the requirements of a centralised monitoring agency could meet the diverse information needs of various stakeholders. Given the lack of in-country knowledge and experience in designing such an HIA, this case study was undertaken to analyse HIS in the Bihar state of India and to understand whether it would enable healthcare providers, program managers and policymakers to use data for decision-making. Based on a literature review and data collected from interviews with key informants, this article proposes a federated HIA, which has the potential to improve HIS efficiency; provide flexibility for local innovation; cater to the diverse information needs of healthcare providers, program managers and policymakers; and encourage data-based decision-making.

Organizations are increasingly introducing data science initiatives to support decision-making. However, the decision outcomes of data science initiatives are not always used or adopted by decision-makers, often due to uncertainty about the quality of data input. It is, therefore, not surprising that organizations are increasingly turning to data governance as a means to improve the acceptance of data science decision outcomes. In this paper, propositions will be developed to understand the role of data governance in creating trust in data science decision outcomes. Two explanatory case studies in the asset management domain are analyzed to derive boundary conditions. The first case study is a data science project designed to improve the efficiency of road management through predictive maintenance, and the second case study is a data science project designed to detect fraudulent usage of electricity in medium and low voltage electrical grids without infringing privacy regulations. The duality of technology is used as our theoretical lens to understand the interactions between the organization, decision-makers, and technology. The results show that data science decision outcomes are more likely to be accepted if the organization has an established data governance capability. Data governance is also needed to ensure that organizational conditions of data science are met, and that incurred organizational changes are managed efficiently. These results imply that a mature data governance capability is required before sufficient trust can be placed in data science decision outcomes for decision-making.

The objectives of Open Government Data (OGD) are to promote transparency, accountability, and collaboration with the public. Structural issues within Subnational OGD and limited governance of urban data collection technologies have led to public concerns about ethical data collection, privacy, and digital human rights. However, OGD research is often purpose-driven evaluating specific parts of the system from a technical perspective and forgoes what data means to us as humans living in cities. The purpose of this study is to examine OGD use in Canada's cities from a values-based perspective. Using design thinking, strategic foresight, and systems thinking methodology, this research first investigates the current state of the system and uncovers that the metaphor, knowledge is power, is contributing to its insufficiencies. Alternative system metaphors are unpacked using future scenarios that demonstrate areas of critical uncertainty to which we are unprepared. Using the scenarios as the guide, this research submits decision making principles that OGD decision makers and open data advocates can use to humanize data.