Suchergebnisse

The report traces back sorces and basic periods of development of the europen institute of hospitality. The role of such factors as religion, everyday culture, ethnical ethiquet, international trade and tourism.On the basis of multidisciplinary approach the historical establishment of the institute of hospitality is concisely traced as an important factor of intercultural communication.It is worth while remembering that for a long time humanity existed according to the "law of the jungle": those who for various reasons, found themselves on foreign territory, were considered as mortal enemies that had to be destroyed or chased away.However, already in the distant past there are many examples of tolerant, friendly attitude to strangers. Very indicative in this respect is ancientGreece, where there was a ritual contract of proxeny – mutual hospitality between representatives of different policies. A good example for mankind was also ekehiriyi – a tradition of the sacred peace, which forbade the Greek state to wage war during the Olympic Games.A peculiar etiquette of hospitality has recently existed at nomadic farmers and mountaineers societes unprotected by state. The well-known hospitality of the Caucasian peoples, due to prolonged preservation of military-feudal social relations and geographic isolation which have contributed to the preservation of archaic features life.The core of Ukrainian hospitality rightly considered peasant, folk, origins of hospitality of the city, which in its turn can be differentiated on hospitality of burghers, merchants, craftsmen, clergy and representatives of the higher strata of the population. The high status of guests in Ukrainian and East Slavic traditions is based on Christian ethics, which teaches us to see in every stranger who came to the house, "a messenger of God, or God himself".Under the shelter of the Christian church in Western andEastern Europethere has been created a set of special shelters for the sick, the maimed, beggars, pilgrims. Medieval monks can rightly be considered the pioneers of social services for the poorest.Along with charitable / religious / form of hospitality there has long existed secular / commercial / hospitality, where the provision of certain services turned into a product for which you had to pay money. On this basis, since the nineteenth century, there has been formed an extensive international travel service industry with its infrastructure, standards and rules of etiquette. ; Le rapport retrace les origines et les principales étapes de la formation d'un institut paneuropéen de l'hospitalité. Le rôle dans la formation de ce phénomène à des facteurs tels que la religion, la culture, l'étiquette nationale, ethnique, le commerce international et le tourisme. ; В сообщении прослеживаются истоки и основные этапы становления общеевропейского института гостеприимства. Анализируется роль в формировании этого феномена таких факторов как религия, бытовая культура, этнический этикет, международная торговля и международный туризм. ; У повідомленні простежуються витоки і основні етапи становлення загальноєвропейського інституту гостинності. Аналізується роль у формуванні цього феномена таких факторів як релігія, побутова культура, етнічний етикет, міжнародна торгівля і міжнародний туризм.

У повідомленні простежуються витоки і основні етапи становлення загальноєвропейського інституту гостинності. Аналізується роль у формуванні цього феномена таких факторів як релігія, побутова культура, етнічний етикет, міжнародна торгівля і міжнародний туризм. ; The report traces back sorces and basic periods of development of the europen institute of hospitality. The role of such factors as religion, everyday culture, ethnical ethiquet, international trade and tourism.On the basis of multidisciplinary approach the historical establishment of the institute of hospitality is concisely traced as an important factor of intercultural communication.It is worth while remembering that for a long time humanity existed according to the "law of the jungle": those who for various reasons, found themselves on foreign territory, were considered as mortal enemies that had to be destroyed or chased away.However, already in the distant past there are many examples of tolerant, friendly attitude to strangers. Very indicative in this respect is ancientGreece, where there was a ritual contract of proxeny – mutual hospitality between representatives of different policies. A good example for mankind was also ekehiriyi – a tradition of the sacred peace, which forbade the Greek state to wage war during the Olympic Games.A peculiar etiquette of hospitality has recently existed at nomadic farmers and mountaineers societes unprotected by state. The well-known hospitality of the Caucasian peoples, due to prolonged preservation of military-feudal social relations and geographic isolation which have contributed to the preservation of archaic features life.The core of Ukrainian hospitality rightly considered peasant, folk, origins of hospitality of the city, which in its turn can be differentiated on hospitality of burghers, merchants, craftsmen, clergy and representatives of the higher strata of the population. The high status of guests in Ukrainian and East Slavic traditions is based on Christian ethics, which teaches us to see in every stranger who came to the house, "a messenger of God, or God himself".Under the shelter of the Christian church in Western andEastern Europethere has been created a set of special shelters for the sick, the maimed, beggars, pilgrims. Medieval monks can rightly be considered the pioneers of social services for the poorest.Along with charitable / religious / form of hospitality there has long existed secular / commercial / hospitality, where the provision of certain services turned into a product for which you had to pay money. On this basis, since the nineteenth century, there has been formed an extensive international travel service industry with its infrastructure, standards and rules of etiquette. ; Le rapport retrace les origines et les principales étapes de la formation d'un institut paneuropéen de l'hospitalité. Le rôle dans la formation de ce phénomène à des facteurs tels que la religion, la culture, l'étiquette nationale, ethnique, le commerce international et le tourisme. ; В сообщении прослеживаются истоки и основные этапы становления общеевропейского института гостеприимства. Анализируется роль в формировании этого феномена таких факторов как религия, бытовая культура, этнический этикет, международная торговля и международный туризм.

EN: The article considers the clustering trends in ukraine's tourism sector, aimed at a further rise of the tourism industry, overcoming its negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and achieving sustainable development. The need to create tourism clusters and other topics on the organization of tourism with state executive authorities as well as professional tourism associations on attracting investment and providing institutional and consulting assistance to small tourism enterprises is being investigated. The foreign experience was analyzed, as well as the distribution of tourist groups in Ukraine by tourist types in the period 2019-2020. Method: analysis and synthesis, systematization of materials, historical and logical, comparative, systemic and structural, which allowed to study the trends in the tourism industry. Conclusions. The grouping of the sphere of tourism in Ukraine must be developed under the close attention of the government, state and local authorities, public figures, civil society, companies, because it requires not only the containment of the pandemic, but also the development of forms of tourism competitiveness, investment in this industry, the provision of jobs for workers dismissed during the pandemic, the use of the most advanced innovative technologies for the development of creative tourism industries, which will help to get the industry out of the crisis. ES: El artículo considera las tendencias de agrupamiento en el sector turístico de Ucrania, dirigidas a un nuevo ascenso de la industria del turismo, superando los efectos negativos de la pandemia del COVID-19 y logrando el desarrollo sostenible. Se investiga la necesidad de crear agrupaciones turísticas y otros temas sobre la organización del turismo con las autoridades ejecutivas estatales, así como las asociaciones profesionales de turismo sobre la atracción de inversiones y la prestación de asistencia institucional y de consultoría a las pequeñas empresas turísticas. Se analizó la experiencia extranjera, así como la distribución de los grupos turísticos en Ucrania por tipos turísticos en el período 2019-2020. Método: análisis y síntesis, sistematización de materiales, histórico y lógico, comparativo, sistémico y estructural, que permitió estudiar las tendencias en la industria del turismo. Conclusiones. La agrupación de la esfera del turismo en Ucrania debe desarrollarse bajo la estrecha atención del gobierno, las autoridades estatales y locales, las figuras públicas, la sociedad civil, las empresas, porque requiere no solo la contención de la pandemia, sino también el desarrollo de formas de competitividad turística, la inversión en esta industria, la provisión de empleos para los trabajadores despedidos durante la pandemia, el uso de las tecnologías innovadoras más avanzadas para el desarrollo de las industrias de turismo creativo, que ayudará a sacar a la industria de la crisis.

The NMUH collection of Ch. Gavard's "Galerie historique de Versailles" is analyzed. Attribution of some prints of the collection is made and their origin is determined, which can be used in next studies. Retracing the collection's path in coming to the NMUH, it likely belonged to the military general and collector P. Pototskyi until the year 1926. The current state of study about "Galerie historique de Versailles's" engravings in the Palace of Versailles and in the NMUH is described, with purpose to determine what kind of the uniqueness the NMUH collection has. At the same time, for introducing into scientific circulation a new art, historical and cultural terminology is used a new method of "narrative rooms and narrative keys" that the issue of interconnection between the narrative (text) and the image allows schematically to represent. Keywords: Galerie historique de Versailles, engraving, painting, history of Western Europe, the Palace of Versailles, Charles Gavard, the National Museum of Ukrainian History, P.P.Pototskyi ; Проаналізовано гравюри "Galerie historique de Versailles" Ш. Гавара з колекції НМІУ. Зроблено атрибуцію деяких гравюр даної колекції та з'ясовано їхнє походження. Досліджено шлях надходження колекції до НМІУ, яка, імовірно, до 1926р. належала військовому і колекціонеру П.Потоцькому. Охарактеризовано сучасний стан опрацювання гравюр "Galerie historique de Versailles" як у французькому музеї Версальського палацу, так і в НМІУ, для визначення, в чому полягає унікальність колекції останнього. В той же час, для введення в науковий обіг нової мистецтвознавчої та історико-культурної термінології використано новий метод "наративні кімнати та наративні ключі", який дає змогу схематично зобразити проблему взаємозв'язку тексту та зображення, наративу й образу. Ключові слова: Історична галерея Версальського палацу, гравюра, живопис, історія Західної Європи, Версальський палац, Шарль Гавар, Національний музей історії України, П.П.Потоцький