Suchergebnisse

Examines multilateral negotiations as a positive and advantageous means of liberalizing international trade by resolving bilateral conflicts and equalizing benefits.

All elections have characteristics associated with the context in which they are held. European elections in 2014 do not escape this rule. In relation to European elections that occurred in the past, there are at least two aspects that contribute to the specificity of the event schedule. First, and the first time voters will elect a European Parliament (EP) with enhanced powers, after the entry into force in 2009, the Treaty of Lisbon. The EP will have a greater capacity for intervention in some key areas, such as the free circulation of people, international trade agreements and the reform of the agrarian policy. Besides that, for the first time will also elect 'formally' the president of the European Commission. In this sense, the political majority that will leave the next European elections will have a fundamental weight to influence an important set of policies, including the annual budget and the policies associated with the fiscal compact. Adapted from the source document.

During the Eisenhower administration American policy towards the European colonies in Black Africa went through a number of tactical options including the maintenance of its anti-colonial traditions. In the Congo the international pressure were accompanied by the development of political opposition to the continuation of Belgian colonial rule which had been established in the process of taking over King Leopold's Congo's free state. Adapted from the source document.

Foreign Policy Analysis as an International Relations discipline is evolving both theoretically & methodologically. Its most important paragmatic ruptures include the problematics of the decision-making model, the problematics of rationality & the problematics of ideology & perceptions. The deepening of those problematics helps us clarify Foreign Policy Analysis & highlight the advantages an inclusive & eclectic approach the study of foreign policies. Adapted from the source document.

Objective: To know young college men opinion about abortion and its participation in reproductive planning. Method: Descriptive research with qualitative approach. Some surveys were given to 34 young men, between the age of 18 and 24 years. The analysis had a thematic content. Results: Young people think they should be part of the reproductive planning. The most popular contraceptive method got first place, condoms. Conclusion: These youth are more involved in the reproductive process and more aware that they are an important part in reproductive decision-making process.

The failure of pat solutions, based on a highly centralized decision making process of channeling budgetary resources and forced savings to state and local governments, led to a situation in which financial difficulties became one of the main reasons of the deteriorating urban infrastructure and urban services in most of the major Brazilian cities. Against this background the paper argues for a revision of the way and means of urban development financing, based on recommendations of pooling available resources, implementing professional management and moving towards better intergovernmental coordination of urban policies. (Rev Econ Polit/DÜI)

This paper presents a research that aimed to understand women's participation in public health policy, trough oral history interviews with health of Belo Horizonte. The focus of the research was women's experience of social participation facing the decision-making processes in health. As methodological strategies, besides reviewing the literature on women's participation in struggles for health, interviews were conducted, based on the contributions of oral history. Eight health counselors were involved in the study. The interviews with the counselors were held in two specific moments. At first, we worked with unstructured interviews, favoring an open mode of storytelling. In the second moment, a new interview with each counselor was performed, producing an effect of partial return of data to the interviewees. Social participation, as narrated by the women interviewed is engendered in their life histories, revealing the singular processes of the experience of participation, but at the same time, allowing us to understand their positions on the National Health System and the municipal health council. The data expose the ambiguities and potentialities of the council as a space for mobilization for health, but also as a mode of subjectivity and citizenship building.

Este articulo propone un modelo integral que identifica las variables que explican la toma de decisiones judiciales en Cortes Supremas de America Latina. Considerando como caso de estudio los votos individuales de los jueces de la Sala Fiscal y Tributaria de la Corte Suprema de Justicia del Ecuador, el articulo constata empiricamente que el tipo de litigante, el tiempo de permanencia de los jueces en los cargos, la fortaleza del gobierno y el estado de la economia constituyen buenos predictores del voto judicial. A diferencia de trabajos en los que se sostiene que los jueces votan sinceramente, acorde a sus propias preferencias ideologicas, la evidencia que el articulo ofrece permite inferir que tales actores deciden los casos de forma estrategica This paper proposes an integrated model that identifies the variables that explain judicial decision-making in Latin American Supreme Courts. As a case study considering the individual votes of the judges of the Fiscal and Tax Chamber of the Ecuadorian Supreme Court, the article finds empirical evidence that the characteristics of the cases, judges' time remaining time on the bench, the government's political strength, and the performance of the economy are good predictors of judicial vote. Unlike research suggesting that judges vote sincerely - according to their own ideological preferences - this article provides evidence that such actors decide cases strategically. Adapted from the source document.