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What shaped the defense transformation policies of NATO member-states? And what does this mean for the future of the alliance? In "The superpower, the bridge-builder and the hesitant ally", Rem Korteweg explores the impact of the strategic cultures of the United States, the Netherlands and Germany on their efforts to adapt their defense policies and armed forces in light of changes in the security environment. Transformation touched upon fundamental questions regarding the use of the military and the future of warfare in the late 20th and early 21st century. Rather than lead to cohesion within the alliance, defense transformation unearthed strong differences in the way in which the use of the military is understood in Europe and the United States

The Opening Address at the Sch of War, Brussels, for the Academic yr 1968-69. The role of a military academy is discussed. Then major contemporary theories on war & pol are examined. Special attention is given to the problem of military responsibility, psychol'al warfare, & the influence of PO on military strategy. It is noted that military & pol'al sci has become a sci of 'crisis manag.' Reference is made to the recent military conflicts in Korea, the Middle East, & Vietnam. Crisis management in modern days has become a power play among the big countries. The military strategy of the communist world is reviewed on the basis of the principles laid down by K. Marx & F. Engels. L. Trotsky's theories on war & poi are compared with the Marxist-Leninist pol'al & strategic doctrine. Brief mention is made of the military writings of Mao Tse Tung & their influence on Che Guevara &others. The development of pol'al sci in the US is traced. Instruction at such Sch's as the Nat'l War Coll & the Industr Coll of the Armed Forces is compared with the teaching of pol'al & military sci at US U's. It is noted that pol'al & military sci has come to recognize the internat'l aspects of its problems. Belgium, by its geographical situation, is tied to the changes going on in the European continent. Military sci in Belgium therefore orients itself towards that of other European countries, eg, as taught at the U's of Aberdeen, London, Oxford, the Centre d'Etudes de Politique Etrangere (Center for the Study of Foreign Policy), Paris, etc. The Netherlands has the 'Defensie Studiecentrum' (Center for Defense Studies), in which students are instructed in the pol'al, psychol'al, econ, & military aspects of defense. It is concluded that military sci has come of age & fulfills an important role in training the responsible pol'al leaders needed in the modern world. M. Maxfield.

Panis, R.: La politique de defense comme un des instruments de la politique etrangere. - S. 3-8. Vilain, G.: Les enseignements du Traite d'Amsterdam et du Sommet de Pörtschach. - S. 5-8. Franck, C.: La question de la defense et l'integration europeenne. - S. 9-17. Remacle, E.: Vers un semi-deperissement de l'Union de l'Europe occidentale. - S. 19-26. Otte, M.: Perspectives pour la defence europeenne apres le Sommet de Cologne. - S. 27-40. Dumoulin, A.: L'identite europeenne de securite et de defense, le concept strategique de l'OTAN et les lecons de la crise du Kosovo. - S. 41-48. Bruynseels, H.: Fen autonoom Europees militair optreden na Kosovo. - S. 49-70. Wouters, J.: EU, WEU, NAVO en OVSE. - S. 71-100

Belgium's permanent representative to the European Union's Core Group (at its 23 May 2003 colloquium in Belgium) argues that the European Union can rely on its existing cadres to formulate a lasting, coherent, unified foreign & defense policy, one based on the model of increased cooperation, flexibility, institutional reform, consensus building, & planning. Reviewed are some of the strategies currently in place to achieve this, particularly those agreed on in the Treaty of Nice. A. Siegel

Franck, C.: Securite collective et defense collective. Nouveaux enjeux pour la politique belge de securite. S. 1-12 Doornaert, M.: De Europese veiligheid. Omschrijving van de toekomstige uitdagingen. S. 13-22. Ruyt, J de.: Nos forces armees face a leurs missions en matiere de securite collective en Europe. S. 23-39. Verhulst, M.: Les autres missions - Que pouvons nous faire de plus avec l'outil forge pour participer a la defense collective de l'Europe? S. 40-58