Suchergebnisse

Liberal democracy is in crisis and an increasing number of countries are at risk of sliding back to authoritarianism, according to several scholars. This paper aims to analyse the possible risks that contemporary democratic regimes face. Most importantly, is the crisis of liberal democracy a temporary malaise, or does it represent the first stage of an outright process of regime change towards autocracy? To address this question, we re-examine the ongoing illiberal trend in light of the processes of autocratization that have occurred in several world regions since the beginning of the 21st century. The research highlights a "goodµ and a "badµ news. On one hand, the backsliding of liberal democracy towards defective forms of democracy does represent a worrisome sign, given that defective democracies are fragile regimes and thus likely candidates to suffer democratic breakdown and to be replaced by some form of autocracy. On the other hand, several cases show that, similarly to democratization, autocratization can fail, or be reversed.

While the field of foreign policy has generated an impressive amount of research, there is still much to be explored and explained of the way in which regime types (totalitarian and democratic) influence the dynamics of state behavior at the international level. The present study examines in a comparative way the characteristics that influence the process of foreign policy making in totalitarian and democratic states. This can help achieve a better understanding of their foreign policy decisions and also help reveal valuable patterns in their decision making process. For the purpose of the present study, the United States of America and the People`s Republic of China were chosen as representative cases of the above mentioned highly contrasting regimes. The foreign policy and diplomatic relationship of the two countries is analyzed on the period between the 1940s and the 1970s using comparative foreign policy analysis, their differences providing a fertile ground for comparison.

Preliminary Materials /I. De Gennaro and H.-Chr. Günther -- Chapter One. Introduction /H.-C. Günther -- Chapter Two. Josef Liegle (1893-1945) /A. Kerkhecker -- Chapter Three. Heidegger And Politics /F. Fédier -- Chapter Four. Sartre Und Die Macht /W. Biemel -- Chapter Five. "Lektüre" Als Machtrelevante Wahrnehmungsanalyse Bei Simone Weil /R. Kühn -- Chapter Six. Philosophers In Japan In The Period Of World War II—Reflecting The Philosophy Of Nishida Against The Background Of Social Phenomena /Hisaki Hashi -- Chapter Seven. Mao Und Die Intellektuellen /Harro Von Senger -- Chapter Eight. Hans Pfitzner – Ein Genie Und Sein Verhältnis Zur Gesellschaft /J. P. Vogel -- Chapter Nine. Abstract Musical Works As Objects Of Political Interest? The Example Of Schönberg's Op. 11,1 /H. Eiholzer -- Chapter Ten. La Poesia Politica Degli Augustei /P. Fedeli -- Chapter Eleven. Political Analysis In Horace'S Roman Odes /T. Reinhardt -- Chapter Twelve. Stalin, Putin And The Poets /D. Rayfield -- Chapter Thirteen. Nationale Dichtung Im 20. Jh.: Der Griechische Dichter Und Politiker Giorgos Seferis /H.-C. Günther -- Notes On Contributors /I. De Gennaro and H.-Chr. Günther -- Index /I. De Gennaro and H.-Chr. Günther.

Tourism, with its related subsectors, is a highly fragmented sector with most tourism organizations being SMEs. Small Tourism Businesses are the backbone of the economy of many countries around the world, and Italy is certainly not an exception. Considering their varied activities, specialized services, and integration in the society, SMEs are certainly the economic lifeblood of the tourism sector, especially in developing countries, rural and remote/unprivileged areas. The aforementioned considerations contribute to explain why SMEs literature have been attracting huge attention from academics working in several disciplines such as business and management, marketing, sociology, anthropology and politics. Despite this, the engagement by academicians in research relating to SMEs in tourism can be still considered to be limited. Many research areas still need to be further investigated and deepened. This special issue was launched to call for research papers aiming to deepen our understanding about the emerging challengesin Small and Medium Tourism Enterprises.

The paper takes into account a feature of Hans Kelsen's juridical thinking that has been so far rather underestimated: the weight of normativism on his theory of private law. The author closely connects Kelsen's critical approach to the notion of subjective right and further relates the legal norms to the institutions of the market economy. The interepretative assumptions of Kelsen are constantly confronted with the theoretical background that propelled the development of the modern constitutional state based on the rule of law.

In literature in English, and in the popular imagination in English-speaking countries generally, the Minoan period is a kind of golden age, an Atlantis or Garden of Eden before the Fall. And, in such a construction, the Fall comes with the Mycenaeans, who are represented as a tough, militaristic people who destroyed Troy for trade reasons. This chapter traces the emergence of the idealistic depiction of the Minoans in response to the circumstances before, during, and after World War II. While some recent authors have begun to challenge the image of happy and peaceful Minoans, it suggests that the Minoans and Mycenaeans are still locked into antithetical perceptions that hinder real understanding of the cultures.

Cover -- quartino -- Table of Contents -- Introduction. The Renewed Attention for the Protection of the Cultural Expressions in Crisis Areas -- Countering the Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Property. Implementation Experience in Argentina -- SESSION 1 Protecting Cultural Heritage to Maintain International Peace and Security: Key Points -- Antiquities Trafficking and Conflict Financing: The Fight Against Looting and Smuggling of Cultural Property Goods in a Global Perspective of Peace -- Assistance by Peacekeeping Forces to Protection of Cultural Heritage and International Criminal Responsibility -- SESSION 2 Protecting Diversity of Cultural Expression and Cultural Heritage to Maintain International Peace and Security: Contemporary Issues -- Cultural Protection Policy in the Syrian Arab Republic An International Law Perspective -- Contrasto del terrorismo e protezione dei beni e delle espressioni culturali: l'esperienza della Tunisia -- Cultural Heritage in Oman Forts, Castles and Fortifications as Models -- SESSION 3 Peacekeeping and Protection of Diversity of Cultural Expression and Cultural Heritage -- UN Security Council Approaches to the Global Safeguarding of Cultural Heritage: An Evolving Role in Preventing the Illicit Traffic of Cultural Objects -- Closing Remarks -- The Protection of Cultural Heritagein the Context of the Maintenance of Peaceand Security: The Way Ahead -- After the Workshop Steps Forwards -- Exploitation of Natural Resources in Timesof Armed Conflict: The Contributionof the United Nations and Peace Operationsin Addressing Resource-Related Conflicts -- The Relationship Between the Protection of Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage under International Law -- Reflecting on the Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage as a War Crime in Light of the ICC Judgement in the Al Mahdi Case -- Cultural Genocide

For this paper I shall look at ways of coordinating politics and entertainment, or in slightly other terms aesthetics and politics, as they have been used to construct ancient tragedy as a means to the good society. In my title this aspect of tragedy is identified as "home", to indicate tragedy's preoccupation with community. This is a note repeatedly struck in discourse about tragedy, both by the earliest commentators and by those negotiating the development of the nation-state, and of political reform, in the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This essay thus first considers some of the different ways in which tragedy has been associated with the goal of the good community, by the theoretical works of Plato, Aristotle, Schlegel, Williams and Eagleton, as well as by harnessing productions and performances to the political effort of nation-building. The essay will then contrastingly explore tragedy's "homelessness", the ways in which it uproots its characters and sets them in restless motion. These latter reflections are prompted by recent receptions of tragedy that have responded to the global migrant crisis, and that are thus in dialogue with earlier critical understandings of tragedy which were more likely to foreground a sense of civic identity associated with the polis. I thus consider productions of Aeschylus' Suppliant Women in Syracuse and Edinburgh, and the new ancient trilogy, acted by Syrian women refugees, which has unfolded since 2013, in the Middle East and Europe, under the creative guidance of Omar Abu Saada and Mohammad Al Attar. The new focus is born of and gives voice to new global realities. Barbara Goff is Professor of Classics at the University of Reading, UK. She has published extensively on Greek tragedy and its reception, especially in postcolonial contexts. Her most important books include Your Secret Language: classics in the British colonies of West Africa (London: Bloomsbury, 2013), Crossroads in the Black Aegean: Oedipus, Antigone, and dramas of the African diaspora (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), and The Noose of Words: Readings of Desire, Violence and Language in Euripides' Hippolytos (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990). Her most recent publication is a collection, co-edited with Introduction, titled Classicising Crisis: the modern age of revolutions and the Greco-Roman repertoire (London: Routledge, 2020). Keywords: tragedy, exile, home, refugee, Syria

This article discusses the representation of Diego Armando Maradona in popular culture from the perspective of utopian studies. Analysing the Netflix documentary series Maradona in Mexico (2019) and the film Maradona by Kusturica (dir. Emir Kusturica, 2008), in addition to selected examples from Latin American cultural production such as songs and TV programmes, the article maps the utopian tropes that are often associated with the figure of Maradona, generally represented as a saviour of working and popular sectors of society, and as an emancipatory political figure aligned with left-wing regimes in Latin America.

As internet is becoming a critical infrastructure and the amount of traffic carried on it is rapidly growing, along with the potential security threats, monitoring is becoming more and more a crucial activity to the correct operations of networks and network based services. However, the amount of data to be analyzed, the extreme variety of the analysis to be supported, along with the need to correlate data from different sources and the limitations imposed by the privacy legislation make network monitoring a difficult and challenging task. In this work we explore several research fields, all of them related to network monitoring and testing. First of all, we propose tomographic techniques, that allow to infer the internal state of the network by applying statistical analysis to measurements carried out by the end–hosts, with no cooperation from the internal nodes. We then illustrate novel algorithms and data structures for speeding up expensive packet processing tasks, such as deep packet inspection. Subsequently, we move on to architectural topics and show how general purpose processors and special purpose devices can complement each other in order to build monitoring and testing systems offering an optimal trade–off between flexibility and performance. Moreover, we also investigate on the potential that the modern commodity hardware (which is highly parallel) provides and on how this can be leveraged for the benefit of the network monitoring applications. Finally, we delve into the topic of distributed monitoring and propose novel solutions for building an overlay of monitoring probes which can efficiently correlate the observed data, thus avoiding the scalability bottleneck of an architecture based on a single collection point.

Cover -- Occhiello -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- REGULATIONS (EC) Nº 593/2008 ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ("ROME I") AND (EC) Nº 864/2007 ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO NON-CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ("ROME II") -- Capitolo I - REGULATION (EC) Nº 593/2008, ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ("ROME I") -- Capitolo II - REGULATION (EC) Nº 864/2007, ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO NON-CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS ("ROME II") -- MARINE INSURANCE CONTRACTS UNDER THE ROME I AND BRUSSELS I REGULATIONS: CΟΝFLICT OF LAWS AND JURISDICTION ISSUES -- THE DISCIPLINE OF MARITIME TRANSPORT CONTRACTS UNDER THE ROME I AND BRUSSELS I REGULATIONS: CONFLICT OF LAWS AND JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES -- THE DISCIPLINE OF MARITIME TRANSPORT CONTRACTS UNDER THE ROME I AND BRUSSELS I REGULATIONS: CONFLICT OF LAWS AND JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES -- MARITIME ENVIRONMENTAL DELICT/TORT -- Capitolo I - GENERAL COMMENTS -- Capitolo II - THE CHARACTERIZATION (THE QUALIFICATION) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE -- Capitolo III - THE REASONING OF ARTICLE 7 OF ROME II REGULATION -- Capitolo IV - APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 7 -- Capitolo V - PARTY AUTONOMY IN NON-CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION ARISING OUT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE -- Capitolo VI - THE RULES OF CONDUCT AND SAFETY IN MARITIME ENVIRONMENT TORTS/DELICTS IN THE CONTEXT OF BULGARIAN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW.

Since the Neolithic seafaring allowed people to move over long distances. The coasts all across the Great Sea were touched by groups of seafarers that using long boats and coastal cabotage ventured by sea looking for new settlements or obsidian and other raw materials. During the III and first half of the II millennium BC sail navigation and innovations in naval technology rapidly developed in the eastern Mediterranean. This technical advance allowed to shorten distances, but lead seamanship to become a specialised task that required profound knowledge of the sea as an environment. Meteorology, oceanographic conditions and coastal morphology was necessary knowledge required to face the seascape. Most of this phenomenon was both fostered and exploited by the rising important local polities of the Bronze Age and the result was a high degree of connectivity within the eastern basin. More fragmentary appears to be the picture of contemporary maritime connections in the central and western basins, the main areas of interest of this study. Here eastern naval technological innovations will not arrive until the second half of the millennium. However in the same time span as in the east, local more modest, sea routes, begin to emerge. These implied the crossing of large portions of open sea. Despite the risk this type of navigation, favoured the colonisation of remote islands and the spread of local cultures during the copper age, and by the Early Bronze Age some common cultural patterns can be recognised in different regions but overall seafaring remains relevant on a local scale. By the second half of the II millennium BC these two realities began to be increasingly interconnected due to the opening of consistent long-range sea routes. From the XVII to the XII century BC, Aegean material culture and influences spread in the west all along these new sea routes. These were far from static and changed and evolved both in extension and in location of key nodes, leaving conspicuous amounts of traces behind. Starting from these traces, this work aims to investigate the sea routes that emerged during the Bronze Age for navigating in the central and western Mediterranean, how these evolved and expanded throughout the centuries, and what type of contacts and interconnections arose due to these maritime voyages, their nature and their intensity. Furthermore a diachronic study will be attempted by comparing the knowledge acquired on the sea routes of the Bronze Age with the routes and evidences of the Iron Age. The aim of this second part of the study would be to investigate the possible existence of trends and patterns in the choice and drawing of sea routes, surviving in later periods.