Suchergebnisse

Abstract It is essential for democracy that political parties should act within their promulgated policy frameworks, which are formally represented in election programmes. If political parties deviate from this principle, the election would lose its meaning, jeopardising democracy. In this respect, planning in Groningen in the 1970s, which realised progressive plans like the traffic circulation plan, was democratic, although it was criticised for lacking public participation. However, planning in the 1980s casts serious doubt on its democratic nature. Various large-scale projects were promoted, and they caused harsh criticism even within the government party, Labour Party. This paper focuses on four projects, that is, the PTT (office development), Brink (residential towers), Casino and Museum, all of which were planned in or next to the inner city of Groningen in the 1980s. This paper will examine these projects in terms of the policy frameworks of the Labour Party, which were created in the 1970s. These projects brought about drastic change of historical landscape, and were clearly contrary to the party frameworks or those measures that were introduced to guarantee the frameworks, such as the local land use plan. As a result, they gave rise to not only strong opposition among citizens, but also criticism of party members who still cherished those party frameworks.

"Wat drijft Gert-Jan Segers en zijn fractie? Bidden en binden volgt de politiek leider van de ChristenUnie, de kleinste regeringspartij in het kabinet-Rutte III. Het geeft inzicht in het politieke spel voor en achter de schermen, zeker wanneer er verkiezingen in aantocht zijn en de spanningen in de coalitie oplopen. Een journalistieke blik achter de schermen van de dagelijkse hectiek op het Binnenhof, die eindigt met de val van het kabinet. Dat dit politieke portret werd geschoten in corona tijd geeft het boek een bijzondere kleur. Het boek wordt gecompleteerd met interviews met zeven belangrijke vrouwen uit de politieke en sociale omgeving van Segers." --

On the basis of data from the Dutch Parliamentary Election Survey of 1982, & from previous surveys (1971-1981), the voting behavior of employees in the public sector is compared with that of employees in the private sector, & the voting of unemployed & disabled persons is examined. No significant differences are found in voting levels between public vs private sector employees. Nonvoting is a characteristic of registered voters who are jobless. Employees in the public sector are more likely to vote Labor & dissociate themselves from the Christian Democratic & Conservative parties, while private sector employees with comparable incomes exhibit the opposite tendency. The Christian Democratic-Conservative cabinet coalition (beginning in 1982) appears to rely on the electoral support of employees & employers in the private sector. The Christian Democratic Party's predicament is that it is losing its traditional power base in the public sector & is also hurt by the Conservative Party's appeal in the private sector. Modified HA.