Objective: Knowing the meanings of mental illness for individuals with psychotic disorders, hospitalized in a general hospital. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Five people formed the sample. It Was used a semistructured interview and graphical representation in order to obtain the information. The Data was sent to content analysis, of thematic type. Results: The surveyed was reported to mental illness, as: a result of divine punishments and witchcraft; a reality charged with suffering and difficulties, the result of losses and experiences from childhood, something difficult to explain, laden with stigma, misunderstanding, distrust and disqualification; presence of symptoms; limiting daily activities and disabling for work. Conclusion: We conclude that there is need for interventions that go beyond the reduction and control of symptoms, directing a look at the relationship of mental patient with family, work and the community.
This article deals with a study on inclusive education implemented between theory and pedagogical praxis, widely discussed among educators, researchers and renowned scholars in the field of education. The objective was to identify the differences of the expression "unrestricted inclusive" education in the school context. Specifically, in this case, to analyze how the pedagogical practices are carried out in the school daily life by the professionals who interact with students with special educational needs. As a method, we opted to carry out a case study characterized as a descriptive research in the qualitative approach. Throughout the study, legislation that guided the development of pedagogical practices in the educational environment was revisited. In the results, it was verified in the researched school, that the physical infrastructures are inadequate to fulfill the specialized educational assistance; and professionals who work in the school unit need continued training in this type of special education teaching. It was concluded that in this school space, improvements must be made to receive special students; the pedagogical practices developed lack resources to work with specific activities of students' disabilities, and there are limitations in pedagogical planning. In future implications, it is suggested the creation of healthy, welcoming, safe and inclusive environments, above all, where learning for all is given. ; Este artigo trata de um estudo sobre a educação inclusiva implementada entre a teoria e a práxis-pedagógica, amplamente discutida entre educadores, pesquisadores e estudiosos renomados na área da educação. Objetivou-se identificar as diferenças da expressão educação "inclusiva irrestrita" no contexto escolar. Especificamente, neste caso, analisar como as práticas pedagógicas são efetivadas no cotidiano escolar por parte dos profissionais que interagem com alunos(as) com necessidades educativas especiais. Como método, optou-se em realizar um estudo de caso caracterizado como uma pesquisa descritiva na abordagem qualitativa. Revisitou-se ao longo do estudo legislações que norteiam o desenvolvimento das práticas pedagógicas no ambiente da educação. Nos resultados, constatou-se na escola pesquisada, que as infraestruturas físicas são inadequadas para cumprir os atendimentos educacionais especializados; e os profissionais que atuam na unidade escolar necessitam de formação continuada nessa modalidade de ensino da educação especial. Concluiu-se que nesse espaço escolar, melhorias devem ser feitas para receber os educandos especiais; as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas carecem de recursos para trabalhar com atividades específicas das deficiências dos(as) alunos(as), e existem limitações nos planejamentos pedagógicos. Nas implicações futuras, sugere-se a criação de ambientes inclusivos saudáveis, acolhedores, seguros, sobretudo, onde se dão às aprendizagens para todos.
Objective: The aim was to reflect upon the participation of nursing with the client, focusing the prevention of pressure ulcers. Method: A descriptive study approaching pressure ulcer, which has become a serious public health car issue that demands public prevention policies. Results: The importance of client's evaluation and the preventive care based on recommendations from public entities and results from scientific production is presented, aiming at risk-free care for the physical, mental and spiritual integrity of the cliente and for the nursing professional. Conclusion: To sum up, it is indispensible to implement structured and organized edcational programs that are comprehensive and directed to all levels of health care service. The qualification of the professionals will enable the acquisition of resources, aiming at a health care assistance compatible with human dignity and for the professional that is vulnerable to criticism and judicial action.
In a town of Tocantins, it was implanted an integrated unity of education and health assistance, product of a partnership between the town and a private college - the Health Space. The study proposes to characterize the users'profile concerning the sociodemographic and health variables found in the chart of the users of the Health Space from June 2012 to May 2014. It is a retrospective and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. It was concluded that the clientele was composed of 946 individuals, mainly: female, from 18 to 60 years old, with few years of school attendance and living in the urban area. In what concerns the 2,009 medical appointments, the absolute majority just showed up to one or two medical appointments. The main reasons given to the necessity of an appointment were the childcare segment and routine appointments, as well as requests for prescriptions, sick leaves and complementary exams, and to know the results of the exams. Among the symptoms, pain and fever were the most referred ones. About the medical diagnosis, it was noticed that virus diseases and hypertension were the most common ones. These pieces of information can base innovations in the attending system, learning program and in the implantation of multidisciplinary programs.
The participation of municipal governments in investment in sport and leisure is still a less investigated topic and little is known regarding it. As a consequence, there are no information whether having an exclusive sport office would increase investments. For that matter, the present descriptive study aimed to analyze if the political-administrative structure of municipal governments in the state of Piauí had any interference in the per capita investment capacity in the Sports and Leisure Function (SLF) in 2013. It was concluded that the political-administrative structure has not interfered in the expense per capita capacity in SLF. ; A participação dos governos municipais no investimento do esporte e do lazer é uma temática ainda pouco estudada e pouco se sabe sobre o assunto. Consequentemente, não temos informações se ter uma secretaria exclusiva de esporte aumentaria os investimentos. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo, de natureza descritiva buscou analisar se a estrutura político administrativa das prefeituras municipais do estado do Piauí interfere na capacidade de investimentos na Função Desporto e Lazer (FDL) per capita no ano de 2013. Concluiu-se que a estrutura político administrativa não interferiu na capacidade de gasto per capita na FDL.
The aim of the study was to understand the population's perception of preventive measures to contain the transmission of the new coronavirus. Cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, of non-probabilistic sampling. The research subjects were users of the social networks Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. An online form was used with sociodemographic and specific questions about this study. It was found that most participants support physical distance as necessary to control the COVID-19 pandemic, however, when it involves individual practices, it was observed that there is a divergence with the previous discourse. More in-depth studies are needed to better understand the factors involved in citizens' adherence or not to the measures imposed by health and government authorities and thus, they may be more assertive in the proposed measures. ; O objetivo do estudo foi compreender a percepção da população sobre as medidas preventivas para conter a transmissão do novo coronavírus. Estudo transversal, exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, de amostragem não probabilística. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram usuários das redes sociais Facebook, Instagram e WhatsApp. Foi utilizado um formulário online com questões sociodemográficas e específicas sobre o tema deste estudo. Verificou-se que a maioria dos participantes apoiam o distanciamento físico como necessário para controle da pandemia de COVID-19, porém, quando envolve práticas individuais, observou-se que há divergência com o discurso anterior. Estudos mais aprofundados são necessários no sentido de compreender melhor os fatores envolvidos na adesão ou não dos cidadãos às medidas impostas pelas autoridades sanitárias e governamentais e assim, poderão ser mais assertivos nas medidas propostas.
O objetivo desse relato de experiência é o de destacar a importância do apoio motivacional no processo de aprendizagem. Mais precisamente, relata aspectos importantes de uma intervenção realizada para a melhoria da compreensão leitora com estudantes de quarta série do Ensino Fundamental. A intervenção teve por base o ensino de estratégias cognitivas e metacognitivas de aprendizagem durante sete sessões de uma hora e meia de duração, durante dois meses, incluindo também apoio motivacional e orientação para estudos. O referencial teórico adotado foi o da Psicologia Cognitiva e da Teoria do Processamento de Informação. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a ideia de que o sucesso escolar pode ser incrementado quando se fortalecem, no trabalho psicopedagógico, estímulos à cognição, à metacognição e à motivação para aprender.
Introduction: The recent uproar around COVID-19 hangs over the rights and duties of the population regarding vaccination and mass immunization. The exercise of individual freedom and the possible imposition of a measure that makes vaccination compulsory may be the focus of a political dispute around the adoption of scientific criteria for government decision-making, and with that, bring serious collective consequences in relation to the spread and the lack of control of the disease. Objective: To study whether compulsory vaccination against COVID-19, once instituted by law or normative act, will have a legal basis in view of fundamental rights and analyze whether the political dispute around the vaccine may be influencing its regulation. Method: Exploratory and descriptive study developed through documentary and bibliographic research, collection of texts from the World Health Organization, Ministry of Health, federal government and the state of São Paulo, analysis of national legislation and recent decisions by the Supreme Court. Results: It was observed that it is possible to establish compulsory vaccination in Brazil, ensuring fundamental rights; however, political issues are influencing decision-making based on technical-scientific criteria for health surveillance. Conclusions: The restriction of individual freedom finds support in the search for health in the collective interest, as long as it does not go beyond the limits of the physical integrity of the citizen and human dignity, the use of physical coercion being prohibited. The political dispute led by some public agents may have caused delays and setbacks in the vaccination of the Brazilian population, an effective way to control the pandemic. ; Introdução: A recente celeuma em torno da COVID-19 paira sobre os direitos e deveres da população frente à vacinação e a imunização em massa. O exercício da liberdade individual e a eventual imposição de medida que torna compulsória a vacinação podem estar no foco de uma disputa política em torno da adoção de ...
Objective: To evaluate the conformity of medical prescriptions and the dispensation of antimicrobials. Methods: Observational and descriptive study that analyzed the duplicates of all medical prescriptions of antimicrobials retained in a drugstore in São Luís-MA, from March to May 2012. A total of 563 prescriptions were evaluated according to the legislation guidelines: data readability; identification of issuer and patient; name; quantity; pharmaceutical form; dosage and posology; date of issue and dispensation; percentage of medications; average number of medicines per prescription and occurrence of drug interactions. Results: A total of 1192 medicines, including 631 (53.2%) antimicrobials were found. The prescriptions were classified as readable (n=526; 93.60%), partially readable (n=31; 51%) and completely unreadable (n=5; 0.89%); 1.78% (n=10) presented erasures; 15.45% (n=86) did not present date of issue; and 6.57% (n=36) were out of date. Four data of compulsory identification were missing in over 90% of the prescriptions assessed (issuer's address and phone number and patient's age and sex). The absence of two of the variables required in the dispensation of antimicrobials was observed in 100% of the prescriptions assessed (Medicine batch number and the pharmacist's signature). The most commonly prescribed antimicrobials were amoxicillin (n=220; 34.87%), metronidazole (n=136; 21.55%) and neomycin (n=81; 12.84%). Moderate (n=23; 4.08%) and minor (n=4; 0.72%) drug interactions were identified. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstratethe non-compliance of both the medical prescriptions assessed and the dispensation process with the current legislation. doi:10.5020/18061230.2014.p21 ; Objetivo: Evaluar la conformidad de las prescripciones médicas y la dispensación de antimicrobianos. Métodos: Estudio observacional y descriptivo que analizó las segundas vías de todas las prescripciones médicas de antimicrobianos retenidas em uma farmacia de São Luís-MA en el período entre marzo y mayo de 2012. ...
O crescente número de usuários de internet desencadeou um aumento na busca dos serviços de farmácias virtuais brasileiras. Com o objetivo de avaliar a validade das informações divulgadas nesses sites, realizou-se estudo descritivo com 18 farmácias virtuais quanto aos aspectos legais, acessibilidade, fontes de informação e propagandas de medicamentos. Verificou-se que 15 não possuíam autorização de funcionamento da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária; 17 não tinham o nome do farmacêutico responsável pelo funcionamento; 17 comercializavam medicamentos sem registro, especialmente fitoterápicos, e não dispunham de informações sobre reações adversas a medicamentos e nem exibiam alertas e recomendações sanitárias determinadas por essa Agência. Como o controle sanitário e o comércio de medicamentos nas farmácias virtuais brasileiras ainda não estão regulamentados pelos órgãos governamentais competentes, essas falhas encontradas nos sites podem colocar em risco a saúde de seus usuários. ; The growing number of Internet users brought forth an increase in the search for Brazilian online pharmacy services. Aiming at evaluating the validity of information disseminated in these websites, a descriptive study was carried out in 18 virtual pharmacies concerning legal aspects, accessibility, sources of information and drug advertisings. It was found 15 pharmacies did not have authorization of the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency; the manager pharmaceutical officer's name could not be found in 17 of them; 17 pharmacies marketed drugs with no registration, especially herbal medicines, and did not show either information on adverse drug reactions or this agency's alerts and health recommendations. Since health control and drug commerce in Brazilian online pharmacies have not been yet regulated by proper government agencies, these gaps found in the sites can pose risk to the users' health.
This paper analyzes the efficiency of federal government funding for destination competitiveness and the relationship among destination competitiveness enhancement and local development. Destination competitiveness models provide the theoretical background. The research is exploratory and descriptive. We mapped the investments from Brazilian Ministry of Tourism in 65 destinations. Destination Competitiveness was measured with information from the Brazilian Competitiveness Model. We have used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and multiple regression analysis. Study findings demonstrate that competitiveness enhancement does not depend on the amount of funding, but on its strategic application according to destination development stage. Besides, competitiveness dimensions Marketing, Monitoring, and Cooperation are the major drivers for local development. ; Este artículo analiza la eficiencia del financiamiento público federal para la competitividad de destinos turísticos y la relación de la competitividad y el desarrollo local. Los modelos de competitividad de destinos turísticos proporcionan el marco teórico. La investigación es exploratoria y descriptiva. Se identificaron las inversiones del Ministerio de Turismo en 65 destinos brasileños. La competitividad de los destinos fue medida con informaciones del Modelo Brasileño de Competitividad. Los datos fueron analizados con análisis envolvente de datos (DEA) y el análisis de regresión múltiple. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que el aumento de la competitividad no depende del monto de la financiación, sino de su aplicación estratégica de acuerdo con la etapa de desarrollo del destino. Además, las dimensiones de competitividad marketing, monitoreo y cooperación se mostraron como las principales impulsoras del desarrollo. ; Este artigo analisa a eficiência do financiamento público federal para a competitividade de destinos turísticos e a relação desta última com o desenvolvimento local. Modelos de competitividade de destinos turísticos fornecem o arcabouço teórico. A pesquisa é exploratória e descritiva. Foram mapeados os investimentos do Ministério do Turismo em 65 destinos brasileiros. A competitividade dos destinos foi medida com informações do Modelo Brasileiro de Competitividade. Os dados foram analisados com análise envoltória de dados (DEA) e análise de regressão múltipla. Os resultados do estudo demonstram que o aumento da competitividade não depende do montante do financiamento, mas da sua aplicação estratégica de acordo com o estágio de desenvolvimento do destino. Além disso, as dimensões de competitividade: marketing, monitoramento e cooperação se mostraram como as principais impulsionadoras do desenvolvimento.
Objective: To describe the overview of sexual violence against children and adolescents in coastal municipalities and backlands in Ceará, Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive study conducted in 2014 with the analysis of secondary data from the "100 Call Service" related to cases of sexual violence against children and adolescents in the municipalities of the state of Ceará, Brazil, for the triennium 2011-2013. Results: A total of 210 municipalities in the backlands of Ceará were analyzed, including the municipality of Acopiara with 18 (10.8%) cases, which stood out for the number cases of sexual abuse against children and adolescents. Among the coastal municipalities, Caucaia has the highest number of cases, with 112 (35.07%) cases of sexual abuse. Conclusion: The study warns government authorities and the community to draw attention to the cases of sexual violence (exploitation and abuse) that are taking place in several municipalities in Ceará, particularly in the coastal region. ; Objetivo: Describir el panorama de la violencia sexual contra niños y adolescentes em municipios de la costa y de la región agreste del estado de Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo realizado en 2014 con análisis de datos secundarios de la "Llamada 100" con relación a los casos de violencia sexual contra niños y adolescentes en los municipios del estado de Ceará, Brasil, referentes al trienio 2011-2013. Resultados: Fueron analizados 210 municipios de la región agreste de Ceará. De estos, el municipio que recibió más casos de denuncias de abuso sexual contra niños y adolescentes fue Acopiara con 18 casos (10,8%). De los municipios de la costa, Caucaia presentó el mayor número de denuncias con 112 (35,07%) casos de abuso sexual. Conclusión: El estudio es un alerta para las autoridades y la comunidad para poner atención a los casos de violencia sexual (explotación y abuso) contra niños y adolescentes que ocurren en los diversos municipios de Ceará, principalmente en la región de la costa. ; Objetivo: Descrever ...
Este artigo descreve a estrutura do preparo de medicamentos em seu ambiente físico, recursos materiais e humanos. Trata-se de estudo exploratório e descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de roteiros estruturados para observação e entrevista, aplicados em amostras de 92 e 76% dos auxiliares de enfermagem e 100% dos enfermeiros, em dois hospitais na cidade de Recife, PE. Os resultados mostraram que o ambiente do preparo de medicamentos se encontra em discordância com a legislação vigente, os materiais disponíveis precisam ser revisados e os profissionais necessitam de capacitação. Concluiu-se que a estrutura em um sistema de medicação é essencial e que os fatores apontados interferem na qualidade do processo de medicação. ; Este artículo describe la estructura de preparación de medicamentos en su ambiente físico, recursos materiales y humanos. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio descriptivo. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de guías estructuradas tanto para la observación y entrevista, las cuales fueron aplicadas en 92% y 76% de los auxiliares de enfermería y en el 100% de los enfermeros de dos hospitales de Recife, PE. Los resultados muestran que el ambiente de preparación de medicamentos no esta de acuerdo con la legislación vigente, considerando que los materiales requieren ser revisados y los profesionales capacitados. Se concluye que la estructura dentro del sistema de medicación es esencial y que los factores señalados influyen en la calidad de tal proceso. ; This article describes the physical environment, material and human resources of the structure for the preparation of medicaments. It is an exploratory descriptive study. Data were collected through scripts structured for observation and interview carried out with a sample of 92 (76%) nurse auxiliaries and all nurses of, two hospitals in Recife, PE, Brazil. Results showed that the environment in which medication is prepared is in disagreement with current legislation, the available materials need to be reviewed and professionals need to get their knowledge updated. It is concluded that the structure in the system of medication is essential and the factors pointed out in the study interfere with the quality of the process of medication.
Objective: to describe the councilmen's knowledge about the use of alcohol and the repercussions on the users' health. Method: a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, developed in the City Council of a municipality in the extreme north of Brazil, in the Amazon region. The data was obtained through an interview with a semi-structured script, processed in the IRaMuTeQ software and analyzed in the word cloud, through the analysis of similarity and the Descending Hierarchical Classification, through the dendrogram. Results: the highlighted word was "no", demonstrating a disapproval, by the legislators, about the use of alcohol by the population and the negative repercussions on the users' health, as well as a limitation of scientific and technical knowledge about the theme, exposing, in the majority, ideas that are only common sense and in a generalized way. Conclusion: it points out the need to create a parliamentary training center in order to implement effective policies for the alcohol using population. ; Objetivo: describir el conocimiento que tienen los concejales acerca del uso del alcohol y sus repercusiones sobre la salud de los usuarios. Método: estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cualitativo, desarrollado en la Cámara de Concejales de un municipio en el extremo norte de Brasil, en la región Amazónica. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de una entrevista con guión semiestructurado, procesados en el software IRaMuTeQ que analiza la nube de palabras, es un análisis de similitud y Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente, a través de dendograma. Resultados: la palabra destacada fue "no", demostrando la desaprobación de los legisladores sobre el uso de alcohol por la población y las repercusiones negativas sobre la salud de los usuarios, así como una limitación de conocimiento científico y técnico acerca de la temática, exponiendo, en la mayoría, ideas que son apenas de sentido común y de manera generalizada. Conclusión: apunta la necesidad de crear un núcleo de capacitación parlamentar con el objetivo de ...
Objective: To identify nurses' perception of social demand and the application of the principle of integrality in the Family Health Strategy. Methods: This is a qualitative and descriptive study, carried out with 20 nurses in a reference municipality in the Territorio Sertão Productivo da Bahia, Brazil. The data were collected through interviews guided by a semi-structured script and systematized through the analysis of thematic content. Results: There was doubt in the interpretations about the social demand of the population in the Family Health Strategy, as a portion of nurses has difficulty in understanding the needs of the community, while others have a holistic perception of the theme. Besides, it was realized that integrality could be used by professionals as an instrument of daily practice for understanding, reflection, and action in the face of social demands presented by the population. Conclusion: It was found that, through comprehensiveness, the professional can understand the social, economic, political, and cultural issues of the population, something decisive in the construction of effective and specific interventions for each reality ; Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de enfermeros sobre la demanda social y de la aplicación del principio de la integralidad de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo desarrollado con 20 enfermeros de un municipio referencia del Territorio Campo Productivo de Bahía, Brasil. Se ha recogido los datos a través de entrevista norteada por una guía semiestructurada y sistematizada a través del análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se verificó la ambigüedad de las interpretaciones sobre la demanda social de la población de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia pues una parte de los enfermeros tienen dificultad para la comprensión de las necesidades de la comunidad mientras otros tienen una percepción integral de la temática. Además, se ha visto que la integralidad puede ser utilizada por los profesionales como ...
