After the Soviet break-up and the Marxist regime collapsed, many of alternative notions emerged in the academic community in Russia, including alternative ideas in the field of International Relations (IR). A number of Russian IR scholars attempted to reconstruct the theories of IR, not just the IR theories that developed in Russia during the era of Marxism, but also against Western IR theories. Although the post-Cold War aspirations to create a distinct national school of International Relations in Russia, but these efforts are not free from the ideology and political goal that directing and guiding Russian foreign policy. Even, IR scholars in Russia have come to shared with the Russian government in terms of building the IR theories with the Russian characteristics, especially in challenging Western hegemony in the social sciences and international relations. This article tries to elaborate three intellectual traditions of international relations that developed in Russia, namely Westernism, Statism, and Civilizationism. Westernizer IR heavily influenced by Western liberalism, Statism more inspired by the realism, while Civilizationism is more of a hybrid between the constructivism and Russian essentialism.
The opening of the Indonesian Trade Promotion Center is one of the policies implemented by the government to increase Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports. However, fluctuations in the value of non-oil exports make the role of the ITPC doubtful. This study aims to analyze the impact of Indonesia Trade Promotion Center as Export Promotion Agency (EPA) on the value of Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports globally, to developing countries, and developed countries from 2000 to 2018. The method used in this study is the Random Effect Model and gravity model. Estimation results show that EPA Indonesia (ITPC) has a positive and significant effect on the value of Indonesian non-oil exports in all models. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has a positive effect and significant for global and developing countries model. GDP per capita and Free Trade Agreements have a significant positive effect on non-oil exports in all models. The geographical distance variable has a negative impact for Indonesian non-oil exports in all models, except for the developed countries model.
The study aims to uncover the actor and political interests behind the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) in Indonesia. Using the accounting ecology framework developed by Gernon and Wallace (1995), this study examines the reason of why Indonesia adopts IFRS. The study finds that the adoption of IFRS in Indonesia is driven by international interests. Indonesia's membership in IFAC, IOSCO, and the G-20 has resulted in Indonesia approved the use of global accounting standards.
The study aims to uncover the actor and political interests behind the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) in Indonesia. Using the accounting ecology framework developed by Gernon and Wallace (1995), this study examines the reason of why Indonesia adopts IFRS. The study finds that the adoption of IFRS in Indonesia is driven by international interests. Indonesia's membership in IFAC, IOSCO, and the G-20 has resulted in Indonesia approved the use of global accounting standards.
Foreign direct investment is the largest source of external funds in both developed and developing countries. Some literature explains that one of the barriers to investment flow is corruption. Thus, this study aims to determine the effect of corruption as measured by the corruption perception index on foreign direct investment. Corruption is a political risk that affects the flow of foreign direct investment. The estimation results of the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) show that the corruption perception index has a significant positive effect on foreign direct investment. The author also uses market seeking and efficiency seeking variables as potential factors that influence investors to direct foreign direct investment.
State of Indonesia is a very large country. It can be seen from many tribes, nations, cultures, languages, and others who are in Indonesia. As a unitary state with extensive autonomy, takes the concept of the relationship of authority between the central government and local governments. Administratively, the pattern of the relationship of authority between the central government and regional governments born of the delegation of authority. Who was born on the theory of delegation, supervision concept embraced by local governments in Indonesia are more inclined to form Hybrid variations (supervision), transfer of power from central to local government could be said to embrace open-end arrangement or general competence. therefore, a new paradigm in central and local relations should be established with the pattern of center-periphery relations towards a more harmonious, it's time developed progressive thinking that is based on relations that are complementary and interdependent. ; State of Indonesia is a very large country. It can be seen from many tribes, nations, cultures, languages, and others who are in Indonesia. As a unitary state with extensive autonomy, takes the concept of the relationship of authority between the central government and local governments. Administratively, the pattern of the relationship of authority between the central government and regional governments born of the delegation of authority. Who was born on the theory of delegation, supervision concept embraced by local governments in Indonesia are more inclined to form Hybrid variations (supervision), transfer of power from central to local government could be said to embrace open-end arrangement or general competence. therefore, a new paradigm in central and local relations should be established with the pattern of center-periphery relations towards a more harmonious, it's time developed progressive thinking that is based on relations that are complementary and interdependent.
Brain gain is one approach innovation to the regeneration of agriculture and ruraldevelopment actors who are a warm discourse in the world. Independence developmentof agribusiness young actors (AYA) are educated and skilled representation of brain gainprocess. As a complex process, brain gain needs to be initiated and developed into aregeneration policy in Indonesia. Quality management business perspective asserts, toarrive at a policy, it is necessary strategies. This study aims to formulate a independencedevelopment strategy of AYA. Articles that are designed in mixed method describes thelevel independence of AYA and formulate independence development strategy of AYA usinganalytical tools SEM and SSM. The study shows, the level independence of AYA relativelyless, particularly aspects of quality and competitiveness. Hybrid and collaborative strategycan be done to strengthening aspects of readiness, personal factors, pull factors and pushfactors the significant effect, both quantitatively and qualitatively. ; Brain gain is one approach innovation to the regeneration of agriculture and rural development actors who are a warm discourse in the world. Independence development of agribusiness young actors (AYA) are educated and skilled representation of brain gain process. As a complex process, brain gain needs to be initiated and developed into a regeneration policy in Indonesia. Quality management business perspective asserts, to arrive at a policy, it is necessary strategies. This study aims to formulate a independence development strategy of AYA. Articles that are designed in mixed method describes the level independence of AYA and formulate independence development strategy of AYA using analytical tools SEM and SSM. The study shows, the level independence of AYA relatively less, particularly aspects of quality and competitiveness. Hybrid and collaborative strategy can be done to strengthening aspects of readiness, personal factors, pull factors and push factors the significant effect, both quantitatively and qualitatively
The value of local genius have a big role to influence the public's attitudes andparticipation, in order to create an equal role between men and women in governmentpolicies. Therefore, we need to identify which local genius have an added value, so that thelocal government could put more interest on it when they make the policy (JPJMP). Thisresearch was conducted in two areas in Sumatera Utara, Kabupaten Karo and KabupatenNias Selatan with the qualitative method. The data collection was done by in-depthinterviews with the institution that responsible to implement the responsive gender budget(ARG), community leaders, and traditional leaders. Focused group discussion also done tosynergize the opinion that was founded in the interview. The results of this research wasconcluded that the regional government of Kabupaten Karo and Kabupaten Nias Selatanstill have not identify the local genius that have added value and to be developed intothe policy making of RPJMP. ; The value of local genius have a big role to influence the public's attitudes and participation, in order to create an equal role between men and women in government policies. Therefore, we need to identify which local genius have an added value, so that the local government could put more interest on it when they make the policy (JPJMP). This research was conducted in two areas in Sumatera Utara, Kabupaten Karo and Kabupaten Nias Selatan with the qualitative method. The data collection was done by in-depth interviews with the institution that responsible to implement the responsive gender budget (ARG), community leaders, and traditional leaders. Focused group discussion also done to synergize the opinion that was founded in the interview. The results of this research was concluded that the regional government of Kabupaten Karo and Kabupaten Nias Selatan still have not identify the local genius that have added value and to be developed into the policy making of RPJMP.
Village head election must be continuously developed and adapted to the development of the community in the village. The Indonesian nation has stated clearly in the constitution of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the fourth paragraph which is the purpose of national and state life ". protecting the whole Indonesian nation and the entire Indonesian blood sphere, and to promote general welfare, educating the life of the nation ". In 2017, 28 Nagari in Agam District will carry out the election of Head/Village Guard/Nagari. The elections will be held on 16, 19, 22, 25 and 29 July 2017, with a total of 128,000 voters, with an E-voting system. Through the e-voting system in the selection of Wali Nagari (Pilwana) it has made it easier for the villagers/nagari in choosing, and the potential for cheating is less than the paper voting system.
This article explores the development of international relations (IR) in Indonesia with special focus on the changing trends in its theoretical perspectives. It argues that the academic works examined reflect the ways in which Indonesia's IR scholars perceive and theorize the nature of the dynamics of external political environments and their connections to the state's foreign relations. The argument is elaborated in two related parts. The first section discusses the theoretical perspectives that developed during the Cold War period, which focuses on the propensity toward historical realism and regionalism. The second part of the discussion examines recent developments in which Cold War perspectives have been reconsidered, and in many respects modified into three new categories of theoretical thinking, namely reform, resistance, and eclecticism. The changing theoretical trends reveal that Indonesia's IR scholarship is open and innovative. The conclusion comments on the development of the Indonesia's IR.
State of Indonesia is a very large country. It can be seen from many tribes, nations, cultures, languages, and others who are in Indonesia. As a unitary state with extensive autonomy, takes the concept of the relationship of authority between the central government and local governments. Administratively, the pattern of the relationship of authority between the central government and regional governments born of the delegation of authority. Who was born on the theory of delegation, supervision concept embraced by local governments in Indonesia are more inclined to form Hybrid variations (supervision), transfer of power from central to local government could be said to embrace open-end arrangement or general competence. therefore, a new paradigm in central and local relations should be established with the pattern of center-periphery relations towards a more harmonious, it's time developed progressive thinking that is based on relations that are complementary and interdependent.
The problem of this research is how Islam regards the economy Foreign Debt Government of Indonesia and the solution according to Islamic economic perspective. This research was library research. Analysis of data using content analysis. The results of the study revealed that foreign debts are increasing in number every year. The government's foreign debt is a source of development financing is commonly done by developing countries. Indonesian government's foreign debt has been to contain the system of interest, known as riba nasi'ah, riba nasi'ah are in addition to the debt repayment required by donor countries. Thus, in their views of Islam, the government's foreign debt is currently not in accordance with the Qur'an and Hadith. Posts offer a solution formulation of the government's foreign debt in other forms of cooperation permitted under Sharia, such as Mudharabah, Musyarakah, Murabahah, Ijarah and others, can be developed as a form of external financing in the state budgets.
Local Government expenditure is budgeting for all government needs and activities and managed under the authority of provinces, regencies, and municipalities through their respective regional heads. Well-targeted Local Government expenditure optimization has a significant impact on the regional economy. This research aims to determine poverty reduction in regencies/municipalities in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, by examining the variable's impact of social assistance expenditure, capital expenditure, and local revenue on poverty. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained from 15 regencies/municipalities in South Sumatra Province during the 2010-2018 periods. The analysis technique uses in this research were Poverty Mapping with Klassen Typology and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). Using the Klassen typology for poverty mapping in South Sumatra Province obtained four regional classifications (quadrant) based on poverty and economic growth: quadrant I (developed and fast-growing region), quadrant II (developed but depressed region), quadrant III (developing region), and quadrant IV (less developed region). The Klassen typology classification results: quadrant I include Palembang City, quadrant II includes Musi Banyuasin Regency, Muara Enim Regency, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, and Banyuasin Regency. Quadrant III includes Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, Prabumulih City, and Lubuk Linggau City. Also, quadrant IV includes Lahat Regency, Musi Rawas Regency, Ogan Ilir Regency, Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency, Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency, Empat Lawang Regency, and Pagar Alam City. The t-test regression results showed that Social assistance expenditure and local revenue affect poverty reduction, while capital expenditure does not significantly affect poverty reduction. The F-test regression results showed that poverty reduction was affected simultaneously by social assistance expenditure, capital expenditure, and local revenue. Policies in social assistance expenditure and capital expenditure were not well-targeted. The policies expected to reduce poverty are to provide well-targeted social assistance expenditure and capital expenditure. ; Belanja Daerah adalah penganggaran untuk semua kebutuhan dan kegiatan pemerintahan dan dikelola di bawah kewenangan provinsi, kabupaten, dan kota melalui kepala daerahnya masing-masing. Optimalisasi Belanja Daerah yang tepat sasaran berdampak signifikan terhadap perekonomian daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reduksi kemiskinan di kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia, dengan menguji pengaruh variabel Belanja Bantuan Sosial, Belanja Modal, dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) terhadap kemiskinan. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari 15 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan selama periode 2010-2018. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pemetaan Kemiskinan (Poverty Mapping) dengan Tipologi Klassen dan Regresi Linier Berganda. Dengan menggunakan Tipologi Klassen untuk pemetaan kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan diperoleh empat klasifikasi wilayah (kuadran) berdasarkan kemiskinan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi: kuadran I (daerah maju dan bertumbuh cepat), kuadran II (daerah maju tetapi tertekan), kuadran III (daerah sedang bertumbuh), dan kuadran IV (daerah relatif tertinggal). Hasil klasifikasi Tipologi Klassen: kuadran I meliputi Kota Palembang, kuadran II meliputi Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, dan Kabupaten Banyuasin. Kuadran III meliputi Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Kota Prabumulih, dan Kota Lubuk Linggau. Sedangkan kuadran IV meliputi Kabupaten Lahat, Kabupaten Musi Rawas, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, Kabupaten Empat Lawang, dan Kota Pagar Alam. Hasil regresi uji-t menunjukkan bahwa Belanja Bantuan Sosial dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) berpengaruh terhadap reduksi kemiskinan, sedangkan Belanja Modal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap reduksi kemiskinan. Hasil regresi uji-F menunjukkan bahwa reduksi kemiskinan dipengaruhi secara simultan oleh Belanja Bantuan Sosial, Belanja Modal, dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Kebijakan Belanja Bantuan Sosial dan Belanja Modal kurang tepat sasaran. Kebijakan yang diharapkan dapat mereduksi kemiskinan adalah dengan memberikan Belanja Bantuan Sosial dan Belanja Modal yang tepat sasaran.
Technological developments are booming. Game or game use is particularly helpful in the learning process. At a time when materials are familiar with the countries of asean students will be more likely to get bored because the state map introduction, the capital and naturalness are only in the books, the need for a learning medium to be used by teachers so that students do not get bored quickly. The purpose of research is to make teachers easier in delivery of materials and easier students to study asean's introduction materials. The educational game was developed using multimedia development life cycle, as the result of the MDLC method (multimedia development life cycle), a introduction to countries in the asean program that matches the 2013 curriculum. The survey of 30 respondents scored an average of 92.19%, thereby falls into a category strongly in favor of the "educational introduction to asean state for siosswa middle school vii for android based" to be adopted as an alternative medium
It is mandatory for public companies to issue financial reports that have been audited by external auditors to be presented to the public as evidence and accountability regarding the company's performance during the year. This study aims to find out whether elements of pentagon fraud – that is, pressure, opportunity, rationalisation, competence, and arrogance – which are then developed into nine variables – financial stability, financial targets, external pressures, ineffective supervision, change of external auditors, change of directors, auditor opinion, frequency of CEO photo appearance, and politician CEO – significantly influenced the incidence of fraudulent financial statements in the banking and financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the year 2014–16. This is a quantitative study that uses secondary data derived from the website www.idx.co.id. The results of the data analysis show that financial stability and the frequency of the appearance of CEO photos in the financial statements significantly influence the incidence of fraudulent financial reporting.
