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本研究針對三個重要層面(論述、鬥爭和情感的過程)進行探索,討論社會運動中反對勢力框架的建構和發展。本文將先探討社會運動如何在論述層面上建構框架,令運動框架取得認受性並挑戰主流霸權論述;是次研究亦會討論互聯網時代如何影響框架爭奪戰的進行;最後,本文將分析框架美學化的現象如何影響社會運動的動員。本研究以香港的菜園村抗爭運動作為案例,並採用文本分析、訪問及參與式觀察等研究方法。 ; 本文旨在擴充框架分析的討論層面:除探討其認知層面外,本文更試圖討論框架建構中被忽略的面向:情感性層面。此外,本文亦會分析框架爭奪戰的場境如何在互聯網時代被擴大。 ; 在認知層面上,本文發現在論述性的框架建構過程中,若框架的理念能充分回應社會、政治及文化上的斷裂,框架動員力便會提高。此外,在運動過程中,策略性的框架轉化亦有助號召不同界別的群體參與。 ; 在鬥爭層面上,本文指出在互聯網時代,社會運動與政府、主流傳媒進行框架爭奪戰的場境已被伸延及擴大。而互聯網所造就的分散式競爭能量及沉積性網絡結構則對運動於框架爭奪戰過程中有利。 ; 最後,在情感層面上,本文認為近年社會運動中採用的美學化運動手段,有助運動在情感和道德價值上動員群聚,因美學化的框架不單有助社會運動鞏固其內部聯繫,對民眾整體都有吸引力。 ; This study investigates the construction and development of opposition frames in a social movement by exploring three important dimensions: the discursive, contested, and affective processes. This study first elucidates how counter-frames can be discursively constructed to gain legitimacy in challenging the dominant hegemonic belief. Second, the study reviews how the framing processes have been influenced by the Internet in the digital era. Finally, it investigates how the aestheticization of frames relates to the affective mobilization of a movement. These questions were addressed through the case of the Tsoi Yuen resistance movement, a two-year struggle in Hong Kong. To this end, textual analysis, interviews, and participant observations are employed. ; This study seeks to elaborate upon the framing perspective by discussing not only the cognitive meaning alignment processes, but also expanding the theoretical discussion in the affective dimension of framing, which is an under-explored area. In addition, it contributes to the investigation of the expanded frame contestations in the Internet era. ; On the cognitive level, this thesis argues that the discursive framing strategies have worked best when meanings are activated by exploiting the social, political, and cultural cleavages in post-colonial Hong Kong. In addition, the transformation of framing strategies can facilitate mobilizations across a variety of groups of targets when different cleavages are echoed. ; For the ...

Ming, Sze Chai. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-140). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese, some text in appendix also in Chinese. ; ABSTRACT ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ; TABLE OF CONTENTS ; LIST OF FIGURES ; LIST OF TABLES ; LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ; Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION ; Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions and Objectives --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Research Area --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.5 --- Thesis Outline --- p.6 ; Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- URBAN TRANSFORMATION OF CHINA AFTER 1979 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Urban Development before 1978 --- p.7 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Two Fundamental Issues of Urban Transformation in China --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Major Transformation in the Post-Reform China --- p.11 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- The Emergence of the Market --- p.11 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- Decentralization --- p.12 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Globalization --- p.13 ; Chapter 2.3.4 --- A New Form of Government Behaviour: Growth Coalitions --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.3.5 --- Interaction between Central and Local Government --- p.18 ; Chapter 2.3.6 --- Interaction among Local Governments --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.3.7 --- Changes in the Social-Cultural Environment --- p.22 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Previous Studies on Kunshan --- p.27 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.29 ; Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH DESIGN ; Chapter 3.1 --- Research Objectives --- p.30 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Conceptual Framework: System Approach --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.2.1 --- Components and Operation of a System --- p.34 ; Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Inputs --- p.35 ; Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Processes --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.2.1.3 --- Outputs --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.2.1.4 --- Feedback --- p.39 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Research Framework and Design --- p.39 ; Chapter 3.3.1 --- Case Study --- p.40 ; Chapter 3.3.2 --- Documentary and Data Analysis --- p.41 ; Chapter 3.3.3 --- Interviews --- p.41 ; Chapter 3.3.4 --- Fieldwork --- p.43 ...

在國際評鑑計劃中,東亞地區學生的數理能力往往較西方國家為佳。現有學術文獻已就這個現象作深入探討,並提出東亞學生的文化特徵和模型。然而,鮮有研究以縱向的歷史角度,討論東亞教育制度下對於「學習者」的文化概念如何因應全球化的影響而演變。本文嘗試以香港的數學教育為研究個案,探討本地數學課程在教學重心及組織上的轉變。研究發現,該學科在教學上的轉變緣於現代個人主義的制度化過程 ── 社會整體愈益視學習者作為充權和自省的行動者。本研究致用縱向文本分析的研究方法,綜析四十二本於戰後出版的香港高小數學教科書的教學內容。研究結果顯示,歷年來課本及課程的教學愈加著重參與式教學、興趣啟發以及與扣連學生生活等概念。另外,政府官員、老師、本地壓力團體及學術專家等亦援用「以學生為本」的話語,推動課程改革。綜合而言,本研究認為世界政體理論相比歷史主義式的理論視野更有力地解釋數學課程內容的轉變。 ; East Asian learners usually outperform their Western counterparts in international mathematics assessment programs. Although the cultural traits of East Asian learners are well documented and analyzed, the cultural dynamics of the changing conception of "learner" in East Asia, especially under the influence of globalization, is under-explored. Taking Hong Kong as a case study, this paper explores the changes within the emphasis of instruction and organization of local mathematics curriculum across time. I contend that the shift of instruction within the school subject is due to the institutionalization of modern individualism, the process in which the conception of "learner as an empowered and self-reflexive actor becomes culturally legitimate in the society. I employ a longitudinal content analysis to track the changes of the instructional emphasis within 42 senior primary mathematics textbooks published in Hong Kong since World War II. It is revealed that despite the unique cultural and historical trajectory of educational development in Hong Kong, the curriculum embraces the ideas of participatory pedagogical approach, interest stimulation, and social relevance to students. Furthermore, it is found that governmental officials, teachers, local pressure groups and academic professionals draw scripts and models from the discourse of student centrism to drive curricular reforms. Results suggest that world polity theory is more applicable than the historicist perspective in accounting for the changes of the curriculum content. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Yip, Chun Ting Patrick. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese ...

by Pui-yee Connie Tang. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-252). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.ii ; TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv ; LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii ; ABBREVIATIONS --- p.viii ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ix ; Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- HOUSING MARKET AND HOME OWNERSHIP --- p.6 ; The Hong Kong residential housing market --- p.7 ; Growth of home ownership --- p.23 ; Conclusion --- p.38 ; Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- STUDYING HOUSING PROVISION --- p.40 ; Neo-classical economics --- p.41 ; Classical Marxism --- p.43 ; Urban political economy --- p.46 ; Beyond Marxian political economy --- p.56 ; Structures of housing provision --- p.58 ; Conclusion --- p.63 ; Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- HONG KONG PROPERTY DEVELOPERS --- p.64 ; Roles of property developers --- p.64 ; Types of property developers --- p.66 ; The research agenda --- p.68 ; Historical development of Hong Kong property developers --- p.70 ; British-controlled property companies --- p.79 ; Chinese-controlled property companies --- p.81 ; Overseas-controlled property companies --- p.91 ; Public-sector developers --- p.93 ; Other public companies --- p.96 ; Conclusion --- p.100 ; Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- THE OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING PROVISION IN HONG KONG --- p.102 ; Forms of housing production --- p.103 ; The housing development process in Hong Kong --- p.107 ; Land search and assembly --- p.108 ; "Planning permission, development design and finance" --- p.128 ; Housing construction --- p.137 ; Marketing and selling --- p.142 ; Conclusion --- p.148 ; Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- PROPERTY DEVELOPERS AND THEIR POWER --- p.149 ; Developers' market power --- p.149 ; Developers' political power --- p.175 ; Conclusion --- p.186 ; Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- HONG KONG OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING AND THEIR FUTURE --- p.188 ; Expand owner-occupied housing sector --- p.189 ; Strategies to promote home ownership --- p.198 ; The future structure of ...

雍城作為秦都達300年之久,對秦政治、軍事、經濟、文化、宗教等方面的發展都發揮了很大的作用。此時期的秦文化既繼承了之前的西北、周文化傳統,又吸收了三晉、巴蜀、楚等地的文化特色,文化內涵漸趨豐富。前人對雍城的研究雖多,可是大多著重考古挖掘與都城結構兩方面,而較少從文化交流的角度分析相關議題。本文以前人研究為基礎,結合文獻與考古材料,先從「點」的層面開始,探討雍城所反映的春秋戰國之際,秦國的上層文化面貌。進而從「點」擴展至「線」的層面,縱向討論西周、春秋、戰國時期秦文化的演變,以及橫向考析天水、寶雞、西安地區不同等級的秦墓所反映的文化面貌。文中透過全面的整合與分析前人研究成果、文獻及考古材料,了解到秦國雖透過政治與軍事擴張而與「他者」文化接觸,但其文化發展卻沒有排他性。因此,秦國與「他者」的文化交流模式屬許倬雲所說的「傳播和擴散型」。 ; The city of Yong(雍城) was the capital of Qin state(秦國) for 300 years. During this period, Qin had experienced a great development from the area of politic, military, religion, culture to economy. This thesis deals mainly with the development of Qin's culture, and holds the opinion that Qin culture became sophisticated gradually with numerous cultural elements from the surrounding ethnic groups. Qin culture as a cultural complex, it inherited the traditions of Zhou(周), and absorbed cultural elements from the Northwest, Southwest and the Central Plain(中原). Archaeological researches on the city of Yong in the past fifty years have great achievements on Qin's early history, however, there is no consensus in regard to some aspects of the early Qin culture, such as the palace structure of the city of Yong. By investigating the documents and unearthed relics, including tombs, pottery and bronze vessels, this thesis examines the characteristics and changes of Qin culture during Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou periods, and analyzes the process and pattern of cultural communication between Qin and the Other. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; 林淑娟. ; "2013年7月". ; "2013 nian 7 yue". ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-216). ; Abstract in Chinese and English. ; Lin Shujuan. ; Chapter 序章 --- 緒論 --- p.頁1 ; Chapter 甲、 --- 解題 ; Chapter (一) --- 「秦早期」與「雍城時期」 ; Chapter (二) --- 「文化」:群體、社會的生活方式 ; Chapter (三) --- 文化交流與相融:「自我」與「他者」的相互作用 ; Chapter 乙、 --- 前人研究綜述 ; Chapter (一) --- 半個世紀的雍城考古成果 ; Chapter (二) --- 秦早期中、小型墓研究概況 ; Chapter (三) --- 秦早期器物研究綜述 ; Chapter 丙、 --- 研究目的及各章重點 ; Chapter (一) --- ...

Leung, Yan Cheong. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-159). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter ■ --- Research Objectives --- p.3 ; Chapter ■ --- Literature Review --- p.5 ; Chapter ■ --- Use of Primary Sources --- p.9 ; Chapter ■ --- Structure --- p.11 ; Chapter Chapter 2: --- Governing Objectives behind the Railway Developments --- p.13 ; Chapter ■ --- Initial Motives --- p.13 ; Chapter ■ --- Political Objectives and Financial Concerns as the Determinative Factors --- p.22 ; Chapter ■ --- Railway Developments since the 1970s --- p.33 ; Chapter ■ --- Changing Meanings of Success in Railway Development --- p.35 ; Chapter ■ --- Summary of Chapter 2 --- p.35 ; Chapter Chapter 3: --- Hong Kong-London Relations and the MTR Development (I): Bilateral Negotiation and the Decisions on the MTR --- p.37 ; Chapter ■ --- Nature of London-Hong Kong Relations after the WWII --- p.37 ; Chapter ■ --- The Contract Approaches --- p.40 ; Chapter ■ --- The Process of Bilateral Negotiation --- p.42 ; Chapter ■ --- Hong Kong Government´ةs Strategy --- p.43 ; Chapter ■ --- London´ةs Strategy --- p.46 ; Chapter ■ --- Summary of Chapter 3 --- p.53 ; Chapter Chapter 4: --- Hong Kong-London Relations and the MTR Development (II): Negotiation Breakdown and Its Impacts --- p.55 ; Chapter ■ --- The Negotiation Breakdown --- p.55 ; Chapter ■ --- The Adoption of Multi-contract Approach: a Contingency Plan --- p.59 ; Chapter ■ --- Collaborate with London --- p.64 ; Chapter ■ --- Summary of Chapter 4 --- p.68 ; Chapter Chapter 5: --- Colonial Governance and Major Decisions on the MTR in the 1970s --- p.70 ; Chapter ■ --- The Establishment of MTRC --- p.70 ; Chapter ■ --- Optimizing the Project --- p.75 ; Chapter ■ --- Civil Protests and Crises Management --- p.83 ; Chapter ■ --- Summary of Chapter 5 --- p.91 ; Chapter Chapter 6: --- A Review on the Modernization of Kowloon-Canton Railway --- p.93 ; Chapter ■ --- KCR´ةs ...

在本論文中我們使用複雜系統研究方法,分析增長、分配和相關的基本社會經濟問題,經濟系統在本文中被視為包含巨大自由度的複雜系統。 ; 我們首先提出了一個無代表性經濟行為人的非同質的Poisson 創新增長模型以證明長期可持續的經濟增長的最終引擎來自於變異型的創新(非研發型),此機制是和持續增長的社會無序度一致的唯一機制。我們也討論了創新的異質特性。我們並且證明了各個部門的生產率分佈並非退化為單一的社會平均生產率,而是服從Maxwell‐Boltzmann 分佈,這一結果表明總需求對總產出存在真實的重要作用。我們隨後從複雜系統角度研究了經濟分配的問題。我們證明在封閉系統中,即使在很弱的假設前提下,收入或財富的分配不可避免得向兩極化的方向演化。隨後我們使用連續時間的Simon‐Yule 過程分析開放系統的經濟分配問題,此開放系統以新部門的不斷產生和遞減的代際影響力為特徵。我們證明了在此開放系統排除了分配兩極化的可能,代際類型穩定性必然在一定階段崩潰。 ; 隨後我們研究了路徑依賴、無限方差和雙參數Poisson‐Dirichlet 過程。我們發現主流的新古典宏觀經濟學的建模方法在此框架內無穩固的數學基礎。 ; 我們從更一般和更哲學的角度分析了一些涉及經濟學研究方法和範式的基本問題。我們主張複雜系統研究方法不僅在包括物理學和生物學的自然科學領域具有啟發性,在經濟、金融和其他社會科學領域裡同樣如此。我們認為,各式經濟系統儘管存在各自的特殊性,但總是沿著從低熵態向高熵態的方向演化,並在社會經濟生活各個領域出現不斷增長和發展的複雜的耗散結構。複雜系統方法的引入有助於對許多經濟謎題提供科學的解釋。除了傳統的經濟研究對象,在同一分析框架內,我們分析了現代企業制度、城市、政治和司法制度以及宗教等相關問題。 ; In the essays we employ the complex system perspective to analyze growth, distribution and related fundamental socioeconomic issues where the economy is viewed as a complex system with large degrees of freedom. ; We first propose a non-homogeneous Poisson innovation growth model with no representative agent to show that the ultimate engine of sustainable economic growth stems from mutation-style innovation (not R & D style), which is the only mechanism consistent with ever-increasing degree of social disorder. Heterogeneous innovation impacts are also investigated. And we show that sectoral productivity distribution in an economic system does not degenerate to the social average productivity level but follows the Maxwell- Boltzmann distribution instead, which in turn implies that aggregate demand has real impacts on total output. ; The economic distribution issue is then investigated from the complex system perspective. We show that in closed economic systems, under weak assumptions, distribution in income or wealth inevitably evolves into polarization. Then we employ the continuous-time Simon-Yule process to analyze distribution in an open economic system with innovation and decreasing intergenerational influence. We show distribution polarization is impossible ...

本論文通過十二個月的田野研究,探討城市化進程中,鄉鎮、城鎮與城市等三個處於不同城市發展階段的地方,信息化進程中的性別政治有何異同。本研究的核心問題是:城鎮化與信息化的交互作用如何進行?在城鎮化與信息化同時推進的當下中國,個體,尤其是個體的性別化身體,如何與以電腦、互聯網爲代表的數字科技之間産生脫嵌與再嵌入的"雙向形塑關係? ; 本研究運用科技馴養、個體化和性別-科技共創理論,分析城鎮家庭中電腦和互聯網的社會化生活。本研究發現中國社會現代性建構中,城鎮用戶通過在家庭內部採用電腦和互聯網,逐步形成一種數字化家庭關係,其中互聯網本地化特徵明顯。此外,本研究還發現,性別化的網絡互連的個體化是當下中國社會中的城鎮化、信息化發展過程中的主要特徵。本研究採用綫上與綫下相結合的多點民族誌的混合方法,探討在中國城鎮化過程中研究性別與互聯網的共創關係。 ; Based on ethnographic data collected in 12 months of field work, this thesis studies the gender politics in the process of digitization and urbanization by comparing the phenomenon in a village, a town, and a city. The three main research questions of this study are: How are the interactions between urbanization and digitalization? How do digitization and gender relations mutually construct each other in the process of urbanization? ; Using theories of technology domestication, individualization theory and the mutual construction of gender and technology, I analyze the use of computers and internet in the social life of rural and town families. This research found out that in the process of modernization, as rural and town families adopted the use of computers and internet; they gradually transformed themselves into, digitalized families. Furthermore, the individualization of gendered networks stood out as the key characteristic of urbanization and digitalization of post socialist China. This research pioneered the combination of multi-sited ethnography and virtual ethnography in exploring the interplay between gender and the internet in Chinese urbanization. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; 任珏. ; Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-228). ; Abstracts also in Chinese. ; Ren Jue.

Chen, Yanyan. ; "Septembet 2011." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-148). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Problem and Objective --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Methodology --- p.5 ; Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of Thesis --- p.14 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- State Rescaling and Regional Planning: Concepts and Issues in the Western Countries and China --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Reworking of State Power --- p.16 ; Chapter 2.3 --- The Rescaling Concept --- p.19 ; Chapter 2.4 --- "The State Rescaling Concept, Regional Development and Rescaling Process in Regions" --- p.24 ; Chapter 2.5 --- The Regional Scale of Politics: Expressions of State Rescaling --- p.29 ; Chapter 2.6 --- The State Restructuring and the Rise of Regions in China: A Review --- p.32 ; Chapter 2.7 --- Summary --- p.36 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Conceptualizing Spatial Planning as a Process of State rescaling: towards an Analytical Framework --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Conceptualizing the Spatial Planning as a Process of State Rescaling --- p.38 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Regional Planning in China --- p.44 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Towards a Theoretical Framework --- p.53 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.58 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- The State in Transition: A Need for Planning Coordination in Cross-boundary Railways --- p.61 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Changing Political Economy --- p.61 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Institutional Structure in Planning Regional Railways --- p.71 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Pearl River Delta: the Railway Planning Context --- p.82 ; Chapter 4.4 --- General Propositions on Planning Coordination of Regional Railways in China --- p.86 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Planning the Pearl River Delta Intercity Railway: Institutional Form and the Planning Mechanisms --- p.90 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.90 ...

本論文以政治學及心理學的理論為基礎,探討社會人士的集體行動及政治參與行為及其背後的心理因素,以及網上新聞的普及對這些行為、意向是否具催化作用。根據政治學及社會心理學文獻,團體在社會得到的社會認定「social identity」)及個人對自身的政治功效意識 (「political efficacy」)往往是影響人們集體行動及政治參與(稱「團體參與行動」「intergroup participatory actions」)程度的決定因素。不過,個人/團體對集體行動的參與意向跟媒體使用及社會人士的實際參與之間的關係在文獻中似乎從未提到。然而,這方面的研究在現今數碼時代十分重要。 ; 關於網上新聞的影響,主要的文獻論述有二:工具性論述指出網上資訊澎湃、隨手可得,且成本極低,網上新聞的使用對社會人士參與政治有直接影響(本論文將驗證此觀點,是為假設一);心理學論述指出網上新聞對人們的影響視乎個人既有的心理素質。本文主張個人參與集體行動及參與政治的意向在於人們是否能從這些行動中得到高度的「社會認定」及「政治功效意識」;而這兩方面又可隨著個人接觸的網上資訊增加而得以提昇,因為人們傾向選擇接收那些肯定他們既有看法及態度的資訊(即「選擇性暴露理論」),以及那些提昇他們對某社群歸屬感的資訊(即「使用與滿足理論」)。本文提出下列觀點,並加以驗證:網上新聞的普及提昇「個人功效意識」(假設二)、提昇「集體功效意識」(假設三)、提昇參與團體行動人士得到的「社會認定」(假設四),而個人/團體從社會認定中得到的滿足對他們實際參與團體行動有驅動作用(假設五)。 ; 本文對在美國及香港具代表性的民意調查作出分析,分析結果跟上列的假設吻合。然後進行了一項實驗,其結果指出「個人功效意識」或可作為「政治功效意識」內一有效的獨立準則。本人在美國及香港進行民意調查(各地兩項;所涉及的調查相隔一年),並作迴歸分析,以驗證上述有關社會人士參與集體行動及政治意向的假設,研究重點包括人們的投票意向、示威意向、議題參與意向及公民參與意向。研究結果支持假設一(即工具性論述)及假設三(即有關「集體功效意識」的心理學論述)的有效性。假設二(有關「個人功效意識」)及假設四(有關「社會認定」)可作進一步驗證。研究中所有具統計學顯著意義的結果卻否定了假設五(有關「社會認定」對個人/團體帶來的滿足程度)的有效信度。 ; 最後,研究局限、結果應用等亦會在文中細述。 ; Applying an interdisciplinary and integrative theoretical perspective and framework, this thesis is concerned with the role of Internet news on collective action and political participation, and the important moderating role of certain psychological antecedents on the relationship. The literature shows that identification with a group (social identity) and the feeling that one could make a substantive difference (political efficacy) are two important predictors of such actions (termed "intergroup participatory actions in this thesis). However, the processes that link the antecedents of participatory behaviors to media use and then to actual participation have been neglected. Such an examination is important in the digital age where the Internet provides citizens a media environment where access to information about politics and social causes is easy, cheap and abundant. ; Two views of the impact of Internet are prevalent in the literature. The "instrumental" view argues that Internet use has a direct effect on ...

The Manchus established the Qing dynasty that ruled China for 267 years. There are many reasons for their long-term governance, one of which is believed to be the establishment of a well-structured bureaucratic system with high administrative efficiency. Emperor Yongzheng introduced a major reform of the southwest border administrative structure, which laid a solid foundation for the centralization of politics and enhanced regional stability for subsequent monarchs. This dissertation investigates the role that the Green Standard Army played in the bureaucratization of the tribal headman institution in Yunnan during the reign of Yongzheng and its continuing importance in enhancing regional stability and prosperity thereafter. The dissertation comprises six chapters. Chapter One is an introduction in which the objectives of the study are explained and the research literature on the topic is reviewed. Chapter Two consists of detailed elaboration on the origins and development of the tribal headman system, Yongzheng's changing attitude towards the bureaucratization policy and the reasons for its final implementation. Chapter Three examines the historical importance of the Green Standard Army in terms of the early-Qing military and politics. Special attention is paid to the Army's role in suppressing the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. Chapter Four cites several examples to show that the Army functioned effectively as a government agency during the process of bureaucratization, although its importance gradually declined. Chapter Five outlines the natural geographical conditions of the Yunnan region and explains the extent to which the bureaucratization policy influenced regional development. Chapter Six concludes the dissertation. ; published_or_final_version ; Chinese Historical Studies ; Master ; Master of Arts

by Chan, Cheuk-Wah. ; Thesis submitted in: August 1997. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- p.1. ; Chapter 1.1.-- --- The main theme ; Chapter 1.2. -- --- Theoretical background ; Chapter 1.2.1. -- --- The proper role of the state in the economy ; Chapter 1.2.2. -- --- Conception of the development state ; Chapter 1.2.3. -- --- Politics of defining the role of the state ; Chapter 1.2.4. -- --- The relative autonomy of the state ; Chapter 1.2.5. -- --- "The ISH Model-- Institutions, Strategic actions of agents, Historical contingencies" ; Chapter 1.2.6. -- --- The ISH Model and the economic dynamics in Hong Kong ; Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- p.22. ; Chapter 2 -- --- "Historical Background, Contingency and International Hurricane (from the mid of 1940s to the mid 1950s)" ; Chapter 2.1. -- --- Introduction ; Chapter 2.2. -- --- Historical background ; Chapter 2.3. -- --- Conflicts between China and the West (Korean War and Cold War) ; Chapter 2.4. -- --- Hong Kong's fluctuating economy and the colonial minimal government ; Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- p.44. ; Chapter 3. --- The Dynamics of the Process of Economic Restructuring and the Strategies of the Industrialists (1950s-60s) ; Chapter 3.1. -- --- Introduction ; Chapter 3.2. -- --- The path of economic restructuring ; Chapter 3.2.1. -- --- Profile of textiles industry ; Chapter 3.2.2.-- --- rofile of clothing industry ; Chapter 3.2.3. -- --- Profile of toys and plastic industry ; Chapter 3.3.-- --- Strategies of the Chinese industrialists ; Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- p.62. ; Chapter 4. --- Hong Kong Government's Role and Selective Interventions in the Economy ; Chapter 4.1. -- --- Introduction ; Chapter 4.2. -- --- Monetary/fiscal policy with colonial bias ; Chapter 4.3. -- --- Housing policy ; Chapter 4.4. -- --- Investment and trade promotion ; Chapter 4.5. -- --- Land and infrastructure development ; Chapter 4.6. -- --- Influences on the prices and ...

The spatial planning of land use is the process of allocating different uses or activities to specific areas in a region and is the core content of land use planning systems. Land use planning is increasingly becoming complex because of the multifaceted problems it faces, such as guaranteeing economic growth, maintaining social equity, and preserving the environment. These objectives present conflicting demands from various land use groups and interest groups. The increased inclusion of objectives leads to different demands on the expected results. Moreover, the increased complexity of land use planning problems is influenced by the involvement and definition of multiple objectives. These objectives may be unstructured, nonlinear, and difficult to handle. Within this context, computer-based techniques have been developed to assist planners in decision making. Among all of the techniques, multi-objective optimization (MOO) approaches are the most well-known techniques in addressing multi-objective problems in land use planning. MOO approaches have successfully accomplished significant achievements. However, literature shows that some spatially-related environmental objectives, such as carbon emission, non-point source pollution, and soil erosion, are missing because of the difficulty in evaluating, analyzing, and measuring such complex land use objectives. ; The land use planning process in China is divided into a series of land use plans at different levels. Among these plans, the municipal overall land use plan and the urban master plan are involved in managing the land use resources in a city. The municipal overall land use plan administers the urban and non-urban areas in an administrative scope, whereas the urban master plan focuses only on the development of urban areas. These two types of land use plans are conducted by two different government departments. These plans are usually inconsistent, particularly in terms of space. ; Considering the spatial inconsistency between the municipal overall land use ...

Ng King Sau. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-147). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.iii ; 論文摘要 --- p.iv ; Acknowledgements --- p.v-vi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction ; Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background --- p.1-3 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions --- p.3-5 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.5-7 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Overview of the Research --- p.7-9 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review ; Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of Civil Society --- p.10-16 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Idea of Global Civil Society --- p.16-19 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Development of Chinese Civil Society --- p.19-23 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Development of Global Civil Society in China --- p.23-26 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Analytical Framework and Methodology ; Chapter 3.1 --- Structural Level of Analysis --- p.21-29 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Organizational Level of Analysis --- p.29-33 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Individual Level of Analysis --- p.33-34 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Definition of Culture --- p.34-40 ; Chapter 3.5 --- Methodology --- p.40-45 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Global Civil Society: The case of Greenpeace ; Chapter 4.1. --- A History of Greenpeace --- p.46-47 ; Chapter 4.2. --- The Mission of Greenpeace --- p.47 ; Chapter 4.3 --- The Resources of Greenpeace --- p.48-49 ; Chapter 4.4. --- Organizational Structure of Greenpeace: a M-form organization --- p.49-52 ; Chapter 4.5. --- Global Strategy of Greenpeace --- p.52-56 ; Chapter 4.6 --- Background of Establishment of China Office --- p.56-57 ; Chapter 4.7 --- Greenpeace China I: An Introduction to the Hong Kong Unit --- p.57-58 ; Chapter 4.8 --- Greenpeace China II: An Introduction to the Beijing Unit --- p.58-60 ; Chapter 4.9 --- Greenpeace China III: An Introduction to the Guangzhou Unit --- p.60-62 ; Chapter 4.10 --- Conclusion --- p.62-63 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Guangzhou Unit: Process and Mechanisms of Cultural Diffusion ; Chapter 5.1 --- Structural Level of Analysis: An Introduction of Guangzhou --- ...