Advance Directives
In: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine Ser. v.76
Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Making of Advance Directives -- 2.1 Advance Directives in Medical Treatment -- 2.1.1 Beneficence and the Rise of Patient Autonomy in Doctor-Patient Relationship -- 2.1.2 Autonomy in Medical Law and Advance Directives -- 2.2 The Advance Directives Debate -- 2.2.1 Autonomy, Privacy and Trust -- 2.2.2 Utility and Conceptual Problems -- 2.3 Conclusion -- 3 Legal Responses to the Challenges of Making Advance Directives -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Case Study I: England and Wales -- 3.2.1 Advance Directives Under the Common Law -- 3.2.2 Advance Directives Under the Mental Capacity Act ("MCA") 2005 -- 3.2.3 Conclusion -- 3.3 Case Study II: New Zealand -- 3.3.1 Overview of the Medico-Legal Framework -- 3.3.2 The Medical Professional's Attitude Towards ADs -- 3.3.3 Conclusion -- 3.4 Case Study III: Canada -- 3.4.1 The Position of ADs in Canada -- 3.4.2 Validity of Advance Directives: Capacity, Voluntariness and Understanding -- 3.4.3 Applicability of Advance Directives: Scope, Clarity and Subsequent Changes -- 3.4.4 Conclusion -- 3.5 Case Study IV: Singapore -- 3.5.1 Overview of ADs in Clinical Practice and Society -- 3.5.2 Legal Framework Governing ADs in Singapore -- 3.5.3 Conclusion -- 3.6 Common Themes and Divergences -- 3.6.1 Validity of Advance Directives -- 3.6.2 Application -- 3.6.3 Subsequent Changes -- 3.6.4 Doctors' Liability -- 3.7 Conclusion -- 4 Rethinking the Approach to Advance Directives -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Distinctions Between a Contemporaneous Refusal and an Advance Refusal: Two Diverging Spectrums of Decision-Making -- 4.2.1 The Contemporaneous Refusal Spectrum -- 4.2.2 The Advance Refusal Spectrum -- 4.3 A Supported Decision-Making Approach to Strengthening ADs -- 4.3.1 Origins of the Supported Decision-Making (SDM) Concept.