Suchergebnisse

Medical practice in disaster relief has a very specific aspect as compared with medicine in general, but I must point out that the difference lies in its organization rather than in its therapeutic nature. A doctor who has before him a sick or wounded person, or any other patient, will unstintingly provide care according to the knowledge and training he received at medical school. He will do so in accordance with the code of ethics of his calling, inculcated by his throughout the world draw inspiration from the Hippocratic Oath, the Prayer of Maimonides or the Geneva Declaration. All of this has been accepted and need not enter the type of training which we are about to define. The same applies to nurses and to the doctor's specialized auxiliaries, who are adequately trained for their occupation, in similar yet differentiated fashion.

Disasters create specific problems shaped by both the type of event (earthquake, volcanic eruption, war) and its consequences (sudden or gradual impact on the victims).The process that unleashes a disaster is often more complex than appears at first glance. For example, drought is obviously caused by poor climatic conditions, but it may also be precipitated by human behaviour detrimental to the environment.While internal conflicts do not always have a direct and major impact on civilians beyond the casualties they claim, the breakdown of local services, particularly medical care and food supply, may have dire effects on health and nutrition, so that the entire civilian population falls victim to the situation.

In the aftermath of disastrous events in Japan, safety information and rescue requests, as well as emergency alerts and damage situations, have been shared on Twitter. However, even victims who are familiar with smartphones or similar devices and social media cannot easily share detailed information, such as the coordinates or address of their current location, which are essential components of safety information and rescue requests. Moreover, local governments and rescue experts have difficulty in gathering such tweets from Twitter. In this paper, we propose a novel system to enable the victims to share their safety information, make rescue requests, and enable quick information gathering for decision making by local government staff or rescue experts. The proposed system is a Twitter-based safety confirmation system named T-@npi. Using the proposed application, the users can easily submit their safety information and send rescue requests on Twitter. The users who want to confirm the safety information can check it quickly on Twitter or via this system. Furthermore, the registered safety information is displayed on an online map to support rescue and assistance activities by local governments and rescue experts.

Natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, extreme weather conditions, epidemics and the consequences of all of them represent a significant challenge for the health and welfare of humans, animals and ecosystems. Reducing the risk of disasters is possible through systematic measures for analysis and reducing the factors leading to disaster situations. Among them we can mention: reducing exposure to hazards; reducing the vulnerability of people and property; enhancing preparedness and early warning of emergency situations, etc. Such a strategy can be successful and effective only if coordinated and multi-level disaster management is put in operation, with the participation of professionals from all spheres of human activity. Given their experience and training, veterinary experts from various fields of veterinary science and practice, could appear to be key participants in prevention, control and recovery activities after disasters (both natural and technological). Regarding this, the scientific opinion analyzes the main criteria (according to the parameters set out in the OIE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services), which veterinary services must comply with at the stage of preparation for response in emergency situations. At European level the scientific opinion covers the basic principles of civil protection from disasters, and besides that in details the role of the veterinary sector for management of health emergencies is discussed, concerning animal health and welfare and safety of food and feed (as an important element for protection of public health). In Bulgaria, based on the existing European and national legislation, the scientific opinion analyzes the mechanism for civil protection from disasters of different types, with emphasis on the functions of the state veterinary administration for prevention and reduction of crisis (epizootic diseases and zoonoses, direct or indirect risks from food and feed - as a cause or consequence of other disasters). The main areas of action in ...

There are daily news regarding social and political events, natural and civilizational disasters. Disasters have an impact both on those living in the disaster-stricken area and on the various intervening personnel. Research results have broadened human knowledge of natural and civilizational disasters. Disaster protection has increasingly evolved into a system of regulated defence involving protection of society values. The tasks of military and disaster protection are similar; however causal differences can emerge. Disaster management is now a very complex process, which is not only the task of a national organization, but also the struggle of governments and societal organizations for a common goal. For intervening personnel, processing the psychological loads with specialists becomes increasingly necessary. The role of the authorities during emergencies is of key importance in the management and coordination of actions. The need for the supporting role of international and national humanitarian organizations is also strengthening. This paper aims at presenting the elements of risk evaluation and human resilience in disaster situations, in order to understand vulnerabilities, and evaluation results should be included in contingency planning.