Suchergebnisse

Environmental problems, like environmental disasters, mirror oppressive structural forces in society, as the primary victims of environmental degradation are also the main victims of other injustices. However, scholarship is lacking on the impacts of environmental disasters in these populations. Using a participatory phenomenological approach from a social work standpoint, this study uses the concept of slow violence to explore disasters in several poor communities in Kenya. Findings include the development and operationalization of a new term, micro disasters. Micro disasters are everyday problems that are linked to development and have no formal aid support for survivors, which deepens poverty.

It is important to note that while disasters are not limited by geographical boundaries, they nevertheless affect the most vulnerable members of society most deeply, almost as though through prejudice. At any level of social strata, children are the most vulnerable members, and this truth is amplified among the poor. According to UNICEF, nearly half of the world's children live in poverty, and the hardships these children endure in the wake of disaster, natural or otherwise, are augmented by the disintegration of the social fabric within which mechanisms of society function. These factors illuminate the increasing importance of the creation of child-centered disaster preparedness programs, which as far as possible should be community-based so that children need not be removed from their communities to be rehabilitated. W. A. Butler

"Recovery From Disasters" published on by Oxford University Press.

PurposeThis paper seeks to provide graduate students, researchers, and government and independent agencies with an overview of disasters.Design/methodology/approachDisasters have been the subject of research and a source of concern to academicians and government and independent agencies. In this paper disaster types are collected from several sources such as technical, general articles, internet web sites, and internal reports. Disaster types, definitions, hazards and mitigations are reviewed. Disasters are classified into natural disasters, man‐made disasters, and hybrid disasters. Man‐made disasters are classified into technological disasters, transportation accidents, public places failure, and production failure. Natural and/or man‐made disasters sometimes lead to subsequent disasters.FindingsDisasters are classified into three types: natural, man‐made, and hybrid disasters. It is believed that the three disaster types cover all disastrous events. Disasters have different characteristics and impacts; however, disasters have a common element, which is their severity. Natural disasters are those disasters that result from natural forces. Man‐made disasters are those disasters that result from human decisions. Hybrid disasters are those disasters that result from both natural and man‐made causes. Subsequent disasters are those disasters that result from natural and/or man‐made disasters. Epidemics could be a disaster or a subsequent disaster.Originality/valueThis paper presents the types, definition, hazards, and mitigation of disasters. Disasters are arranged into disaster types, sub‐disasters, and disastrous events in the form of a disaster tree. An algorithm can be written utilizing this disaster tree. The algorithm can be used for training purposes to prevent or reduce disasters.

Cities and Disasters presents interdisciplinary and multinational perspectives on emergency management policy, economic development, and the various factors that affect the recovery process after natural disasters strike urban areas. The book has three central themes: policy, urbanity, and the interplay of events after disasters that affect the process of a community's return to normalcy. It covers differing approaches to emergency management policy at local, state, and federal levels, as well as economic development and redevelopment issues in urban areas. It also analyzes the issues of race and ethnicity involved in urban disaster response and recovery plans. The book looks at recent catastrophes such as Hurricane Katrina, Superstorm Sandy, and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in East Japan. The case studies highlight the diverse challenges that communities face with regard to emergency planning and response. Given global climate change, rising sea levels, and the increasing impacts of disasters upon people, particularly in densely populated urban areas, there is a clear and urgent necessity to rethink issues involved in preparation methods for disasters and their aftermath. The analyses in Cities and Disasters help guide policymakers and policy actors in making decisions that strengthen communities for the future.

Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Author -- Chapter 1: Public Health Disasters -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Current State of Knowledge vis-à-vis Public Health Disasters -- 1.3 Conceptual Dynamics of Public Health Disasters -- 1.4 Ethical Dynamics of Public Health Disasters -- 1.5 Global Dynamics of Public Health Disasters -- 1.6 Methodology -- 1.7 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Ebola Viral Outbreaks: A Ubuntuan Ethical Approach -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Nature & Risk Dynamics of Ebola Viral Disease -- 2.1.2 Socio-cultural Dynamics of Ebola Viral Disease -- 2.2 Ethical Issues Embedded in Ebola Outbreaks -- 2.2.1 Vulnerability -- 2.2.2 Human Dignity & Rights Violations -- 2.2.3 Local & Global Justice -- 2.2.4 Rationing -- 2.3 Ubuntu Moral Lens vis-à-vis the Quandaries of EVD -- 2.3.1 The Concept of Ubuntu -- 2.3.2 Ubuntu vis-à-vis the Quandaries of EVD -- 2.4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Pandemic Influenza: A Comparative Ethical Approach -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Biological Features of Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.1.2 Social and Global Features of Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.2 Responses to Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.2.1 Therapeutic Responses -- 3.2.2 Non-therapeutic Responses -- 3.3 Ethical Issues Embedded in Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.3.1 Uncertainty -- 3.3.2 Human Rights -- 3.3.3 Vulnerability -- 3.3.4 Local and Global Justice -- 3.4 A People-Centric Approach to Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.4.1 Communitarianism: Conceptual Elaboration -- 3.4.1.1 Communitarianism vis-à-vis the Quandaries of Pandemic Influenza -- 3.4.2 Ethics of Care: Conceptual Elaboration -- 3.4.2.1 Ethics of Care vis-à-vis the Quandaries of Pandemic Influenza Outbreaks -- 3.5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Silent Public Health Disasters: An Anthropo-­ecological Approach.