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Discusses definition of international distributive justice, focusing on fair and equitable sharing, benefits, decision-making authority, and international relations.

Many hold that the state has normative significance because its borders define the scope of egalitarian principles of distributive justice. On this view egalitarian principles of distributive justice should be applied within the state but should not be adopted at the global level. This article examines two reasons for accepting this view and for rejecting global egalitarianism, and finds both wanting. It then presents three challenges to any view that holds that the scope of principles of distributive justice should be determined by the boundaries of the state. It concludes by noting four distinct ways in which the state has normative significance, each of which can be endorsed by global egalitarians.

A theory of health-care needs must accommodate two widely held views: that there is something especially important about health care, & that some kinds of health care are more important than others. The philosophical task is to assess, explain, & justify these distinctions. Health care needs are important to maintaining normal species functioning -- an important determinant of the range of opportunity open to an individual. This connection to opportunity helps clarify the kind of social good that health care is & provides the basis for subsuming health-care institutions under principles of distributive justice, specifically, fair equality of opportunity. Some applications of the theory to problems of access & resource allocation are sketched. AA.